應用於60-GHz無線通訊及77-GHz防撞雷達系統之毫米波前端電路設計

Abstract

本論文根據不同應用的考量，設計了包含功率放大器、低雜訊放大器、混波器、及天線的毫米波前端電路於60-GHz以及77-GHz兩頻段，並分別整合成為頻率鍵移調變收發機以及頻率調變連續波雷達。其中60-GHz功率放大器在1.2V供應電壓下消耗84毫瓦可以提供最大輸出功率8.2dBm並擁有5.8％功率增加效率，77-GHz功率放大器在1.2V供應電壓下消耗115毫瓦可以提供最大輸出功率10.5dBm並擁有8.4％功率增加效率，並在1.5V供應電壓下可以有高達12.1dBm的輸出功率。分別使用折疊偶極/微帶陣列所建構之基板天線各可以提供6.5dBi增益及10-GHz頻寬/20dBi增益及1-GHz頻寬，可提供短距離高資料率傳輸或長距離雷達使用。該60-GHz頻率鍵移調變收發機可以在1公尺的距離下傳送每秒10億位元的偽隨機碼，而77-GHz頻率調變連續波雷達可以在50公尺的距離內即時偵測多個物體，並得出其位置及相對速度。

Millimeter-wave front-end circuits including power amplifier, low-noise amplifier, mixer, and antenna are demonstrated in 60-GHz and 77-GHz bands in this Thesis. With different considerations for each application, the front-ends are designed and integrated to be FSK transceiver and FMCW radar respectively. The 60-GHz power amplifier reveals a Psat of 8.2 dBm with PAE of 5.8 % while consuming 84 mW under 1.2V supply. The 77-GHz power amplifier presents a Psat of 10.5 dBm with PAE of 8.4 % while consuming 115 mW under 1.2V supply, and up to 12.1 dBm output power at 1.5V. On-board antennas using folded dipole and patch array give 6.5 dBi with 10-GHz bandwidth and 20 dBi with 1-GHz bandwidth severally for short-range high data rate communication and long-range radar use. The 60-GHz FSK transceiver achieves 1-m communication distance with 1-Gb/s PRBS data and the 77-GHz FMCW radar system is capable of detecting multiple objects and exhibiting their positions and relative speeds in real time within 50 meters.