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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 蔡曜陽 | |
dc.contributor.author | Guang-Xiang Yu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 余光翔 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T03:54:03Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2018-08-18 | |
dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2018-08-16 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21938 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 在視覺系統中,所擷取到的影像皆為二維平面之影像,與實際三度空間物體仍差一深度資訊,本研究中,將以主動非接觸式量測方式取得二維平面之影像點資料,進行運算及分析,進而求出物體的三維高度資訊,以完成逆向工程中的三維輪廓重建技術。
在本研究的實驗中,將以一台投影機與一CCD元件組成三維非接觸式量測系統,透過電腦產生可變週期的弦波條紋結構光,並以微型投影機投射結構光於待測物件上,接著以攝相機拍攝影像。利用四步相位移法與傅立葉轉換法兩種演算過程,計算物體在每個像素點上的真實絕對相位,有相機的像素座標可轉換成二維點資訊,並以相位值計算出物體的每個像素點之高度值,即可獲取物體的三維座標,完成三維表面輪廓重建。 實驗結果顯示,利用四步相位移法與傅立葉轉換法來計算得出三維高度資訊皆可順利重建完成,而在傅立葉轉換法重建過程中,若有使用中值濾波以去除空間雜訊,可有效使重建出的三維高度資訊邊緣平滑化,經去除空間雜訊後較不易出線高度辨識錯誤的現象。同時也比較不同條紋密度對高度資訊獲得的差異性,發現條紋密度較高可以較為有效使細節呈現,但密度過高時(在166mm×166mm的視野下正弦條紋角頻率大於π/12)會使相機辨識產生困難,進而產生相位計算錯誤。實驗驗證此數位結構光投影量測系統可應用於工業實物之三維形貌量測。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | In the vision system, the images captured are two-dimensional images, which lack height information from the actual three-dimensional objects. In this study, the two-dimensional image will be acquired by active non-contact measurement system. And it will be calculated and analyzed, then obtain the 3D height information of the object to complete the 3D contour reconstruction technology in reverse engineering.
In the experiment of this study, a three-dimensional non-contact measurement system consisting of a projector and a CCD component. the computer will generate variable period sinusoidal structured light and the structure light is projected on the object by the projector, then take the image by the camera. Using the four-step phase shift method and the Fourier transform method to calculate the absolute phase of the object at each pixel point. The height value of the pixel points can acquire the height information and reconstruct the three-dimensional surface contour. The experimental results show that the four-step phase-shifting method and the Fourier transform method can be used to calculate the three-dimensional height information, and the reconstruction can be completed smoothly. In the reconstruction process of the Fourier transform method, if median filtering is used to remove spatial noise, it can be effective, it will smooth the reconstructed 3D height information edge. Besides, the difference between the stripe density and the height information is that the higher the stripe density can effectively make the details appear, but when the density is too high (the sinusoidal fringe angle frequency is larger than π/12 in the 166mm×166mm field of view). Camera identification is difficult, resulting in phase calculation errors. Experiments verify that this digital structure light projection measurement system can be applied to the three-dimensional shape measurement of industrial objects. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T03:54:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-107-R05522727-1.pdf: 6038162 bytes, checksum: febf6f8a2a71c22c9d7acae4d405b079 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 I
摘要 II ABSTRACT III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 X 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 三維形貌量測方式簡介 2 1.2.1 接觸式量測 2 1.2.2 非接觸式量測 3 1.3 文獻回顧 5 1.3.1 傳統與數位結構光回顧 6 1.3.2 三維輪廓重建演算法回顧 9 1.4 研究動機與目的 11 1.5 論文大綱 12 第二章 相關技術理論 13 2.1 結構光取像原理 13 2.1.1 結構光之三角測距原理 13 2.1.2 結構光系統組成及投影機校正 15 2.2 相位移演算法與相位展開 17 2.2.1 相位移演算法基本原理 17 2.2.2 相位展開技術 19 2.2.3 相位與高度之換算 20 2.3 傅立葉轉換量測三維輪廓 20 2.3.1 利用傅立葉轉換於三維輪廓量測之原理 20 2.3.2 傅立葉轉換相位還原與三維重建 22 2.4 針孔相機模型 24 2.5 影像處理 26 2.5.1 灰階影像 26 2.5.2 雜訊抑制 27 2.5.3 型態學處理 31 第三章 硬體設備及演算法流程 34 3.1 硬體設備與DLP技術介紹 34 3.2 投影機與相機校正 39 3.2.1 攝相機校正 40 3.2.2 投影機校正 41 3.3 四步相位移法 44 3.4 傅立葉轉換還原相位 50 3.4.1 雙頻傅立葉轉換 50 3.4.2 空間雜訊濾波 52 3.4.3 相位擷取與還原 53 3.5 三維輪廓重建演算流程 55 第四章 實驗結果與討論 57 4.1 投影機校正結果 57 4.2 量測誤差之定義與評估 59 4.2.1 函數連續轉離散灰階造成之誤差 60 4.2.2 投影機非線性輸出造成之誤差 60 4.2.3 量化灰階造成之誤差 60 4.2.4 其他誤差來源造成函數灰階失真 61 4.3 物體表面輪廓高度重建 61 4.3.1 投影與拍攝系統參數設定 61 4.3.2 相位轉換高度的常數K值計算 65 4.3.3 三維高度重建 67 第五章 結論與未來展望 83 5.1 結論 83 5.2 未來展望 84 參考文獻 85 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 數位正弦條紋結構光於三維高度資訊重建之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The study of the digital sinusoidal structured light on three-dimensional height information reconstruction | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 106-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳亮光,王世明 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 數位結構光,影像處理,四步相位移,傅立葉轉換,三維高度資訊, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Digital structured light,Image processing,Four-step phase shifting,Fourier transform,Three-dimensional height information, | en |
dc.relation.page | 88 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201803682 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2018-08-16 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 機械工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 機械工程學系 |
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