運用智慧科技增進全民健康 - 以百年科技公司轉型為例

Abstract

根據世界衛生組織的近期數據顯示，癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，導致2018年估計有960萬的死亡人數，而衛生福利部統計處公佈的2018年國人死因統計結果，惡性腫瘤更是連續37年排行死因首位，占所有死亡人數28.2%。 隨著人類在風險評估、預防、疾病檢測、藥物開發和照護服務方面的進步，為什麼全球仍是每6個人中就有一人死於癌症？其中最可能的挑戰之一是，雖然2010年至2014年間，全球在臨床研究上持續發表了88,529篇與癌症有關的論文，但2020年前醫療資訊量每73天即倍增而呈指數擴充、未來十年將增加42%癌症照護需求、同時又面臨腫瘤醫生於未來十年預計短缺的窘境，可能會影響醫生提供最佳照護的能力，畢竟人類幾乎不可能跟上大數據產生的速度。 幸好人工智慧（AI, Artificial Intelligence）技術提供了令人興奮的潛力而可能是解決方案的一部分。例如IBM Watson for Oncology (WfO)可協助醫師快速識別病患病歷中的關鍵資訊，並探索MSK癌症中心(Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)專家訓練所產生具相關證據支持的治療選項。因此本論文以百年歷史之久的IBM全球科技公司，運用智慧科技策略轉型以提升全民健康之個案研究法進行探討，並挑選於健康照護運用AI且值得觀察的企業分析。期望台灣能摒除分散實力的單打獨鬥，掌握在健康醫療及健保資訊的舉國協同優勢，借鏡IBM認知軟體專利領導的轉型策略，並採取「基業長青」所建議兼顧核心理念又刺激進步的分進合擊方式與國際接軌合作，藉以學習、思考並建議台灣於醫療照護與AI軟實力跨領域合作發展策略的可能性與願景，推動認知軟體實力的長期人才培育，更能針對國人地域特性發揮其功效，提供更適合國人的分析以支援醫生決策，進而有機會結合眾力加速迎戰台灣第一大死因，使全民於智慧科技的協助下健康一生。

According to recent data from the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, and is responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. The statistics of the 2018 national death cause published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare Statistics, cancer ranks first in the cause of death for 37 consecutive years. The number of deaths ranked first in the year, accounting for 28.2% of all deaths. With all of our advances in risk assessment, prevention, disease detection, drug development, and care delivery, why are still one out of every six people dying of cancer worldwide? One of the most likely challenges is, between 2010 and 2014, although researchers published 88,529 cancer-related papers, medical knowledge has been expanding exponentially and will double every 73 days by 2020; 42% increase in the demand for cancer care over the next 10 years and at the same time the dilemma of estimated shortage of oncologists in the coming decade, which may hamper physicians’ ability to provide optimal care. After all, keeping up with all that research and big data is next to impossible. AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology offers exciting potential and may be part of the solution. For example, while AI cannot replace trained physicians, IBM Watson for Oncology (WfO) is helping oncologists assess information from a patient’s medical record, evaluate medical evidence and find potential treatment options ranked by level of confidence and supported with clinical evidence by Memorial Soloan Kettering Cancer Center. Therefore, this thesis is based on the century-old IBM, which is utilizing smart technology to improve population health, and selects the other similar enterprises for analysis. Taiwan can unite together to fully grasp the national synergy of healthcare and health insurance valuable data; refer to the transformation strategy of IBM's cognitive software patent leadership and as 'Build to last' advised, to balance between core competency and adventure. Taiwan also can connect with international community to learn, think and suggest the possibility and vision for cross-disciplinary collaboration between healthcare and AI; promote the long-term talent cultivation of cognitive software strength and then has the chance to effectively fight the first cause of death in Taiwan, so that the people can live a healthy life with the help of smart technology.