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標題: | 第六屆立法委員提案分析:選制改變前的騷動 How Legislators Respond to a New Electoral System:Analysis of Legislative Proposals in the 6th Congress in Taiwan |
作者: | Ying-Yu Pan 潘暎舁 |
指導教授: | 王宏文(Hong-Wung Wang) |
關鍵字: | 立法委員,提案,立法院,SNTV,行政院提案, Members of the Legislative Yuan,Bills,Legislative Yuan,Single Non-transferrable Vote (SNTV),Executive Yuan-proposed Bills, |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 回顧我國立法委員選舉的歷程,在2004年8月23日通過第七次修憲提案後,即開始對選舉制度的改革拉開序幕,接著在第六屆立法委員的任期內正式通過了立法委員選舉的新制度,讓熟悉舊有制度的立法委員產生許多不確定性,立法委員為了爭取連任的機會,會如何因應制度所帶來的影響。基此,本研究檢視第六屆立委的提案行為,是否會受到選制改變的影響,延伸出下列問題:首先,從整體提案的角度來看,立委在第六屆面臨選制改變下的提案型態,與第五屆有何不同?其次,立法委員在提案上的行為,是否會傾向跟著行政院版本來修改?與第五屆相比有何明顯差異?在新選制的影響下,是否會為了追求更多的選民利益,而增加法案提出的多樣性?
研究單位的選定上以第六屆區域立委為觀察對象,比較其在第五屆與第六屆時的提案行為,另一方面,為了檢視立委提案內容的多樣性變化,本研究採用美國政策議程計畫(PAP)來對提案內容進行編碼,並透過負二項迴歸模型來進行研究分析。 研究結果發現,整體而言提案總數量雖然沒有因為選制改變的關係,產生積極提案的情形,但是仔細探究其提案的類型選擇上,卻有明顯的改變,透過迴歸驗證下列兩項發現:第一,第六屆的立法委員在提案上的表現,不像以往第五屆傾向跟著行政院提對案的模式;其次,在自主提案的表現上,第六屆區域立委相對於第五屆提案的積極程度來得高。另一部份,在選制改革影響立委提案內容的多樣性上發現,第六屆相較於第五屆時,提案的多樣性並沒有有增加的情形。 上述結果驗證了區域立委在面臨選制改變時,不會傾向以增加提案數量的方式來表現自己,反將心力著重在選區服務的工作,維持以往的提案數量,形成無偏廢亦無提升的提案總數成果,在提案行為上也不會僅依賴跟著行政院提案的版本來節省時間、人力成本,同時也會考量到當前的政治情勢,在提案行為上做出適宜的方式,以展現自身的立法政績。另外,在提案多樣性上的觀察顯示出立法委員在面臨選制改革下,即使有意要去關注其他選區內的選民需求,但也會受制於現實中的能力與資源問題,無法積極增廣自身在提案類型上的政策領域。 Reviewing the process of the election of the Members of the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan, the prelude to the reform of the electoral system started right after the passing of the seventh constitutional amendment bill on August 23, 2004. This was followed by the formal passing of the new system during the term of the members of the Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan, which gave rise to many uncertainties among those familiar with the old system. How members of the Legislative Yuan responded to the impacts brought about by the change in the system in their bid for re-election is what gave rise to the following issues. Firstly, from the perspective of the bills introduced, what were the difference between the bill types of the Members of the Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan and those of the Fifth? Secondly, with respect to their bill-initiation behavior, would the legislators tend to follow the version proposed by the Executive Yuan in making revisions? What were the significant differences from those of the Fifth Term of the Legislative Yuan in this respect? Under the influence of the new electoral system, would the legislators increase the diversity of their bills for the sake of more broadly pursuing the interests of their constituents? In the choice of research unit, the district members of the Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan were selected as the subjects of observation to compare their bill-initiation behavior in the Fifth and Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan. On the other hand, in order to examine the changes in the diversity of their bill contents, the study adopted the Policy Agendas Project (PAP) of the USA for encrypting content, and the research and analysis were conducted through negative binomial regression. The research results found that, in terms of the total number of bills, the overall change in the electoral system was not conducive to legislators actively introducing bills, a careful investigation of their choice of bill types showed an obvious change. Through regression validation, the following two findings were yielded: First, in the performance in bill initiation, the Members of the Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan, unlike those of the Fifth Term of the Legislative Yuan, tended not to follow the Executive Yuan’s model for making such proposals. Second, the proactivity in self-initiating bills, the members of the Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan were far more proactive than those of in the Fifth Term of the Legislative Yuan. In another section, it was discovered that in the impact of the electoral system reform on the contents of the bills, there was no increase in the diversity of bills introduced by the Sixth Term of the Legislative Yuan compared to the Fifth. The above results prove that, faced with changes to the electoral system, district legislators would not be inclined to increase the number of bills to improve their performance. They would rather focus their mental effort on the work of constituency services and maintain the number of bills they introduced in the past, which resulted in not neglecting either while at the same time not raising the total number of bills. In their bill-initiation behavior, they also would not only depend on and follow the version of the Executive Yuan-proposed bills to save time and human resources. They would also consider the current political situation and devise an appropriate way to introduce their bills to draw attention to their own legislative achievements. Furthermore, the diversity of the bills introduced indicated that, when faced with electoral system reform, the legislators would also be limited by real capability and resources issues, rendering them unable to broaden their policy areas with respect to bill types even if they had the intention to pay attention to the needs of voters in other constituencies. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21215 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201903894 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 公共事務研究所 |
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