請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21026
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 洪挺軒 | |
dc.contributor.author | Yun-Fan Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳韻帆 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T03:16:20Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2017-02-16 | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2017-01-25 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 朱建鏞、康江漢 (2002)。相互嫁接對聖誕紅實生苗性狀改變之影響。中國園藝48(3): 257-266
朱建鏞 (2004)。聖誕紅育種。2004 彰化花卉博覽會花卉新科技海報專刊。頁5-6。 洪挺軒、林長平 (2011)。臺灣農作物重要植物菌質體病害研究現況。農作物害蟲及其媒介病害整合防治技術研討會專刊。頁63-72。 陳武揚、周浩平、陳以錚、林長平 (2007)。台灣聖誕紅各品系中聖誕紅分枝誘導性植物菌質體之檢測與鑑定。植物病理學會刊。16: 47-50 黃耀徵 (2009)。日日春葉片黃化病之病原植物菌質體與其媒介昆蟲之探討。碩士論文。 傅仰人、楊雅淨 (2010)。聖誕紅品種介紹。桃園區農業技術專輯第 3 號。頁 1-7。 傅仰人、楊雅淨、陳錦木、羅士凱 (2010)。聖誕紅栽培技術。桃園區農業技術專輯第 3 號。頁 13-17。 傅仰人、楊雅淨、鄭隨和 (2009)。聖誕紅之健康管理。2009 花卉健康管理研討會。頁151-159。 葉俊巖、姚瑞禎 (2010)。聖誕紅主要病害簡介。桃園區農業技術專輯第 3 號。頁32-36。 楊雅淨 (2015)。104 年聖誕紅產銷檢討座談會紀實。桃園區農業專訊 92 期。頁 20-21。 葛玲伶 (2016)。聖誕紅細菌性葉斑病之診斷與防治。碩士論文。 蔡佳欣 (2007)。柑橘黃龍病之病菌系統、發病生態與化學治療。博士論文。 賴巧娟、張立、鄭淮嶸、楊雅淨、傅仰人、洪挺軒 (2013)。聖誕紅葉斑病病原生態研究。102 年聖誕紅產銷檢討座談會。 戴肇鋒 (2012)。感染日日春葉片黃化病植物菌質體之日日春以生長素處理後其病害發展之研究。碩士論文。 Abad, J. A., Randall, C., and Moyer, J. W. (1997) Genomic diversity and molecular characterization of poinsettia phytoplasmas. Phytopathology 87: S1 Bech, K. and Rasmussen, K. (1996). Euphorbia pulcherrima methods to eliminate poinsettia mosaic virus (PNMV) and reinfection by different methods to reveal the nature of the branching factor. Acta Horticulturae 432: 176-186 Bertaccini, A., and Duduk, B. (2009). Phytoplasma and phytoplasma diseases: a review of recent research. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 48: 355-378 Bradel, B. G., Preil, W., and Jeske, H. (2000). Remission of the free-branching pattern of Euphorbia pulcherrima by tetracycline treatment. Journal of Phytopathology 148: 587-590 Christensen, N. M., Nicolaisen, M., Hansen, M., and Schulz, A. (2004) Distribution of phytoplasmas in infected plants as revealed by real-time PCR and bioimaging. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 17(11): 1175-1184 Davis, R. E., Whitcomb, R. F., Steere, R.L. (1968). Remission of aster yellows disease by antibiotics. Science 161: 793-795 Doi, Y. M., Teranaka, M., Yora, K. and Asuyama, H. (1967). Mycoplasma or PLT-group like microorganisms found in the phloem elements of plants infected with mulberry dwarf, potato witches’ broom, aster yellows, or paulownia wishes’ broom. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan 33: 259-266 Dole, J. M. and Wilkins, H. F. (1992). In vivo characterization of a graft-transmissible free-branching agent in poinsettia. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117(6): 972-975 Dole, J. M., Wilkins, H. F., and Desborough, S. L. (1993). Investigations on the nature of a graft-transmissible agent in poinsettia. Canadian Journal of Botany 71(8): 1097-1101 Geier, T., Beck, A., and Preil, W. (1992). High uniformity of plants regenerated from cytogenetically variable embryogenic suspension cultures of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch). Plant Cell Reports 11: 150-154 Gundersen, D. E. and Lee, I. M. (1996). Ultrasensitive detection of phytoplasmas by nested PCR assays using two universal primer pairs. Phytopathologia Mediterranean 35(3): 144-151 Hodgetts J., Crossley D., and Dickinson M. (2013). Techniques for the maintenance and propagation of phytoplasmas in glasshouse collections of Catharanthus roseus. Phytoplasma methods and protocols 15-32 Hung, T. H., Wu, M. L., and Su, H. J. (1999). Development of a rapid method for the diagnosis of citrus greening disease using the polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Phytopathology 147: 599-604 Klemsdal, S. S., Bone, K., Brurberg, M. B., Floistad, E., Moe, R., and Blystad, D.-R. (2006). The amount and distribution of poinsettia branch-inducing phytoplasma in poinsettia. Acta Horticulturae 722: 359-363 Kunkel, L. O. (1926). Studies on aster yellows. American Journal of Botany 13(10): 646-705 Lee, I. M., Hammond, R. W., Davis, R. E., and Gundersen, D. E. (1993) Universal amplification and analysis of pathogen 16SrDNA for classification and identification of mycoplasmalike organisms. Phytopathology 83: 834-842 Lee, I. M., Klopmeyer, M., Bartoszyk, I. M., Gundersen-Rindal, D. E., Chou, T-S., Thomson, K. L., and Eisenreich, R. (1997). Phytoplasma induced free-branching in commercial poinsettia cultivars. Nature biotechnology 16: 178-182 Lee, I. M., Gundersen-Rindal, D. E., Davis, R. E., and Bartoszyk, I. M. (1998). Revised classification scheme of phytoplasmas based on RFLP analyses of 16S rRNA and ribosomal protein gene sequences. lnternational Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 48: 1153-1169 Lee, I. M. (2000). Phytoplasma casts a magic spell that turns the fair poinsettia into a Christmas showpiece. Retrieved from http://www.plantmanagementnetwok.org/pub/php/review/poinsettia Lee, I. M., Davis, E. R. and Gundersen-Rindal, D. E. (2000). Phytoplasma: Phytopathogenic Mollicutes. Annual Review of Microbiology 54: 221-255 Lee, R. F. (1987). Chemotherapy of cherry buckskin and peach yellow leafroll diseases: an evaluation of two tetracycline formulations and methods of application. Plant Disease 71: 119-121 Nicolaisen, M. (2001). Report on a literature study on ‘Status quo of the knowledge on phytoplasma with the focus on Euphorbia pulcherrima and other ornamental plants’. Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences Department of Plant Protection Nicolaisen, M. and Horvath, D. P. (2008). A branch-inducing phytoplasma in Euphorbia pulcherrima is associated with changes in expression of host genes. Journal of Phytopathology 156: 403-407 Pondrelli, M., Caprara, L., Bellardi, M. G., and Bertaccini, A. (2002). Role of different phytoplasmas in inducing poinsettia branching. Acta Horticulturae 568: 169-176 Schneider, B., Ahrens, U., Kirkpatrick, B. C., and Seemuller, E. (1993). Classification of plant-pathogenic mycoplasma- like organisms using restriction-site analysis of PCR- amplified 16s rDNA. Journal of General Microbiology 139: 519-527 Smart, C. D., Schneider, B., Blomquist, C. L., Guerra, L. J., Harrison, N. A., Ahrens, U., Lorenz, K.-H., Seemuller, E., and Kirkpatrick, B. C. (1996). Phytoplasma-specific PCR primers based on sequences of the 16S-23S rRNA spacer region. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 62: 2988-2993 Stimart, D. P. (1983). Promotion and inhibition of branching in poinsettia in grafts between self-branching and nonbranching cultivars. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 108: 419-422 Su, Y. T., Chen, J. C., and Lin, C. P. (2011). Phytoplasma-induced floral abnormalities in Catharanthus roseus are associated with phytoplasma accumulation and transcript repression of floral organ identity genes. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 24(12): 1502-1512 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21026 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 聖誕紅 (Euphorbia pulcherrima) 為台灣重要的盆花作物。市售的聖誕紅品種具有簇葉、矮化、側枝多、苞片多等特性,事實上此為感染聖誕紅簇葉病所造成的病徵,因此這個病害反而帶來聖誕紅盆花的正面應用價值。引起聖誕紅簇葉病的病原是植物菌質體 (phytoplasma),為無法人工培養、無細胞壁、韌皮部侷限之絕對寄生細菌。按照目前植物菌質體的分類依據,感染聖誕紅之植物菌質體類群屬於第三群 (16SrIII) H 亞群為主,少數品種可偵測到 16SrIII 及 16SrI 複合感染。目前仍缺乏更正式而足夠的科學文獻來闡明聖誕紅受不同類群植物菌質體感染造成之性狀差異,這也造成盆花聖誕紅各品種的真實特性因感染植物菌質體而不易釐清,也難精確利用植物菌質體來精準生產特性穩定的聖誕紅盆花。因此本研究先予蒐集目前市售的聖誕紅主流品種,進行 16S rRNA DNA片段序列分析,確認其感染植物菌質體之類群。之後嘗試以抗生素去除不同聖誕紅品種體內之植物菌質體,以瞭解無植物菌質體感染的各品種真正特性。另外嘗試以菟絲子將台灣現有的各類群菌質體接種至上述無感染的聖誕紅,觀察及記錄其病徵的發展,以瞭解不同類群植物菌質體對聖誕紅性狀之影響。PCR 檢測及增幅DNA片段定序結果顯示,所有偵測品種之聖誕紅皆感染 16SrIII 植物菌質體。抗生素試驗結果顯示,聖誕紅扦插前浸泡四環黴素之聖誕紅品種紅絲絨與桃莉,扦插後其植株生長高度顯著大於對照組,且分枝數顯著減少;品種彼得之星浸泡抗生素之處理組與對照組之株高則無顯著差異,此品種對照組僅冒出新芽,未出現明顯分枝。在植物菌質體接種試驗方面,接種日日春葉片黃化病 (Periwinkle leaf yellowing) 植物菌質體 (16SrI) 之各品種聖誕紅,株高顯著低於對照組,分枝數則與對照組無顯著差異。而接種聖誕紅簇葉病 (Poinsettia witches’ broom) 的聖誕紅分枝誘導性植物菌質體 (Poinsettia branch-inducing phytoplasma, 16SrIII) 之各品種聖誕紅,除株高顯著低於對照組外,分枝數也明顯較多。由此可得知臺灣各聖誕紅品種普遍感染 16SrIII 植物菌質體,且此類植物菌質體的感染,對聖誕紅矮株化與良好的分枝性狀有其必要性。另外,聖誕紅分枝誘導性植物菌質體對促進聖誕紅分枝的效果亦較日日春葉片黃化病植物菌質體為佳,因此仍建議使用此類植物菌質體增加聖誕紅分枝性狀。本論文亦針對治療聖誕紅細菌性葉斑病所使用的之保美黴素 (即鏈土黴素) 殺細菌劑進行噴灑測試,發現於品種彼得之星噴灑此藥,對聖誕紅株高與分枝數皆無顯著影響;於品種紅絲絨與桃莉噴灑此藥劑後,株高也無顯著差異。此結果推論只要按建議劑量施用應可安心以此藥防治細菌性葉斑病,不會影響其盆花矮株與分枝特性。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is an important ornamental crop in Taiwan. The commercial cultivars of poinsettia are usually free-branching, which is related to poinsettia witches’ broom. The disease therefore brings the big benefit for the industry of poinsettia. The pathogen of poinsettia witches’ broom is the phytoplasma, which is a wall-less phloem-limited bacterium. Based on the taxonomy of phytoplasmas, the predominant type of phytoplasma which infects poinsettias is named Poinsettia branch-inducing phytoplasma, which belongs to 16SrDNA group III. Few cultivars are infected both by 16SrIII and 16SrI. However, the studies associated with the detailed relationships between poinsettias and phytoplasmas are still rare. The poinsettia industry attempts to realize whether the other groups of phytoplasmas can also cause stunting and branching symptoms on poinsettias for their diverse breeding. In this study, commercial poinsettia cultivars were collected and their nucleic acids were extracted for the PCR-based assays and DNA sequencing. The sequences of 16SrDNA amplified fragments were analyzed to identify the groups of phytoplasmas infecting various poinsettia cultivars. The phytoplasma in poinsettia was further eliminated by the tetracycline treatment to understand the natural feature of each poinsettia cultivar without phytoplasma infection. The phytoplasma-free poinsettias were then inoculated with different groups of phytoplasma to investigate the change of phenotype. The results showed that all of the poinsettia cultivars tested were infected by 16SrIII phytoplasma through PCR and sequence analysis. The poinsettia cultivar Red Velveteen and Dulce Rosa treated with tetracycline were significantly taller and the number of branching was significantly fewer than those treated by water for the controls. The height of cultivar Peter Star did not show significance between control and the tetracycline-treated poinsettias, and the control (no treatment with tetracycline) did not show significant branching but some buds appearing. The tetracycline-treated poinsettias (phytoplasma-free) were then inoculated with periwinkle leaf yellowing phytoplasma (16SrI), and the results indicated that they were significantly shorter than the uninoculated poinsettias, but the number of branching did not show significance. On the other hand, the phytoplasma-free poinsettias inoculated by poinsettia branch-inducing phytoplasma (16SrIII) were significantly shorter and their number of branching was significantly larger than the uninoculated poinsettias. The results revealed that most poinsettias cultivars in Taiwan have already infected with poinsettia branch-inducing phytoplasmas, and the infections is very important and necessary for the branching of poinsettias. The poinsettia branch-inducing phytoplasma (16SrIII) can stimulate more branching on poinsettias than the periwinkle leaf yellowing phytoplasma (16SrI) do. The antibiotic (streptomycin + oxytetracycline) is a useful bactericide for the control of bacterial leaf spot of poinsettias according to the previous study. However, the growers worried that the use of streptomycin + oxytetracycline probably also reduce the concentration of phytoplasmas in poinsettias and inhibit their branching. Our trial demonstrated that the height and the number of branching did not show significant difference between antibiotics-treated plants and controls for the cultivar Peter Star. For the cultivars Red Velveteen and Dulce Rosa did not also show significant difference in the height between antibiotics-treated plants and control. This result suggested that the streptomycin + oxytetracycline should be useful and assured for control of bacterial leaf spot of poinsettias without apparent influence of phytoplasma survival. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T03:16:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-106-R03645004-1.pdf: 4485629 bytes, checksum: e5023ef87e48a1d7c84ee58bd5336696 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書……………………………………………………………………………………...…i
致謝……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….ii 中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………iii Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….v 圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..ix 第一章 前言………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….....1 一、聖誕紅概說……………………………………………………………………………………..…….…1 二、臺灣聖誕紅聖誕紅栽培管理………………………………………….……………………..2 三、聖誕紅栽培管理常見病害……………………………………………….………………………3 四、研究目的………………………………………………………………….……………………………….4 第二章 前人研究……………………………………………………………………………………..……………5 一、植物菌質體概述………………………………………………………………………………….……5 二、植物菌質體之分類系統…………………………………………………………………..….……5 三、植物菌質體之偵測………………………………………………………………………………...…7 四、聖誕紅簇葉病病原之確定與分類……………………………………….……………………7 五、抗生素對植物菌質體之作用…………………………………………………………………..10 六、植物菌質體與聖誕紅之育種…………………………………………………………………..11 七、聖誕紅簇葉病病原植物菌質體於植株內之分布與影響……………………..12 八、不同類群植物菌質體感染對植物性狀之影響………………………………..12 第三章 材料與方法…………………………………………………………..………………………………….14 一、植物菌質體之鑑定…………………………………………………………………………………..14 (一) 植物材料之準備………………………………………….............14 (二) 植物核酸萃取…………………………………………………………………………………..14 (三) 傳統 PCR (conventional PCR)…………………………………………………..……14 (四) 膠體電泳分析……………………………………………………….............15 (五) PCR 產物選殖與定序………………………………………….…………………….....15 二、抗生素對聖誕紅簇葉病性狀影響之研究………………………………………….16 三、不同類群植物菌質體對聖誕紅性狀之影響…………………………………………..16 (一) 感染各類群植物菌質體之日日春準備………………………..………………..16 (二) 植物菌質體之接種試驗…………………………………………..……………………..18 四、抗生素對於聖誕紅性狀影響之試驗……………………………………...........18 第四章 結果…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…....19 一、植物菌質體之鑑定………………………………………………………………………………....19 二、抗生素對聖誕紅簇葉病性狀影響之研究……………………………….........19 三、不同類群植物菌質體對聖誕紅性狀之影響…………………………………………..20 (一) 感染各類群植物菌質體之日日春準備…………………………...........20 (二) 植物菌質體之接種試驗……………………….…....................21 四、施用抗生素對聖誕紅性狀之影響………………………………………23 第五章 討論………………………………………………………………………................24 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………............31 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 聖誕紅簇葉病病原之鑑定與應用 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Pathogen identification and industrial application of poinsettia witches’ broom | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 105-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 詹富智,葉信宏,鍾嘉綾 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 聖誕紅,植物菌質體,簇葉病,分枝,細菌性葉斑病, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Euphorbia pulcherrima,phytoplasma,witches’ broom,branching,bacterial leaf spot, | en |
dc.relation.page | 75 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201700178 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2017-01-26 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-106-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 4.38 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。