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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 張慶源(Ching-Yuan Chang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Pei-lin Tu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 涂培琳 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T02:47:58Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2017-08-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2017-08-18 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/20415 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究應用磁性固態鹼觸媒(CaO-MgO-SiO2-Fe3O4, CM-SM)進行轉酯化反應製備生質柴油。利用新型可回收磁性固態觸媒,可增加觸媒的回收率並能重複使用,減少材料浪費及降低廢液處理成本。藉由磁性固態鹼觸媒對大豆油轉酯化反應找出最適條件,再進行痲瘋樹油兩階段轉酯化反應,並透過分析反應後所得生質柴油性質包括酸價、碘價、動黏度、密度及熱值等性質進行討論。
鈣鎂質量比為9:1之磁性固體鹼觸媒(CM9-SM)為次微米顆粒(100~200 nm),飽和磁化量為7.76 emu/g,具有高比表面積(16.14 m2/g),能和反應物有較大的接觸機會,觸媒表面披覆之鈣含量高(17.69 wt %),具有一定之催化活性。結果顯示對大豆油進行轉酯化反應所得最適條件為甲醇與油莫耳比(M:O)為12:1、轉酯化溫度(TT)為363 K、轉酯化時間(tT)為3 h、觸媒添加量(MC)為3 wt%及觸媒鈣濃度(CCa)為17.9 wt%,其轉酯率(YF)為98.46 %。但觸媒之重複使用性不佳,主要原因為Mg的溶出、觸媒表面活性位置減少等造成催化活性之損失。於上述條件當tT為3小時時,使用第一次時轉酯率為98.3~99.74%,但重複使用第一次之轉酯率僅12.04~12.80%。在對痲瘋樹油轉酯化反應中,轉酯率達97.77%。 大豆油生質柴油及痲瘋樹油生質柴油之含水率高,且皆高於標準規範,可透過硫酸鎂脫水或蒸餾等方式去除水分,其餘性質如酸價及密度已符合法規標準(CNS 15072)。大豆油生質柴油的碘價及痲瘋樹油生質柴油的動黏度皆略高於法規,此可藉由摻配方式改善。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | In this study, transesterifications of soybean oil and jatropha oil to biodiesel using magnetic solid alkali catalysts (CaO-MgO-SiO2-Fe3O4, CM-SM) were examined. The use of recyclable magnetic solid catalysts can increase the catalyst recovery efficiency and reusability, also can decrease the waste of materials and reduce the cost of wastewater retreatment. The mesoporous CM-SM catalyst was prepared by impregnant method. The characteristic analyses of biodiesel include acid value, iodine value, kinetic viscosity, density and heating value.
The CM9-SM particles are submicron particles size of 100~200 nm. It posses magnetic susceptibility of 7.76 emu/g and has high specific surface area with BET surface area of 16.14 m2/g and thus can be recovered by magnetic separation and easily contact with the reactant. The Ca concentration (CCa) in CM9-SM catalysts is as high as 17.69wt% which offers promising catalysis acitivity in transesterification process. The results of soybean-oil biodiesel (SOB) show that the proper operating conditions are 12:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil (M:O), 3 wt% of catalyst loading (MC) and 17.9 wt% Ca concentration in catalyst at 363 K (TT) for 3 hours (tT). Under the operating conditions, the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (YF) can reach 98.46 %. However, CM9-SM reusability was not good with yield declined from 98.3 ~ 99.74% to 12.04 ~ 12.80% for the second reuse. The main cause may be due to the dissolution of calcium and magnesium and deposition of organic matter on catalyst surface. Jatropha-oil biodiesel (JOB) with yield of 97.77% was producted by using a two-stage transesterification process. Properties of SOB and JOB of acid value and density comply with standards (CNS 15072). However, the water contents are higher than the standard. The water in oil can be removed by distillation or magnesium sulfate. Furthermore, the iodine value of SOB and kimetic viscosity of JOB are slightly higher than the standards and can be improved by blending with other biodiesel. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T02:47:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-106-R04541110-1.pdf: 2884050 bytes, checksum: 4c113476722e5576f602a5a357e65fd0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i
致謝 ii 中文摘要 iii Abstract iv 目錄 vi 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 xi 符號說明及縮寫 xii 第一章 前言 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 研究內容 2 第二章 文獻回顧 4 2.1 目標生質物之選用 4 2.1.1 生質柴油之原料來源 4 2.1.2 痲瘋樹油 4 2.2 生質柴油 7 2.2.1 生質柴油簡介 7 2.2.2 生質柴油優缺點 8 2.3 生質柴油性質及相關規範 9 2.4 生質柴油製程原理與機制 13 2.4.1 生質柴油製程介紹 16 2.4.2 轉酯化反應 17 2.4.3 兩階段轉酯化反應 18 2.5 觸媒介紹 21 2.5.1 固體鹼觸媒 21 2.5.2 超順磁顆粒 23 第三章 研究方法 26 3.1 實驗材料及設備 26 3.1.1 實驗油料 26 3.1.2 實驗藥品及溶液 26 3.1.3 實驗設備及分析儀器 27 3.2 實驗架構及研究方法 29 3.2.1 觸媒製備方法 29 3.2.2 觸媒之物理化學特性分析 33 3.2.3 轉酯化反應 35 3.2.4 油品分析方法 37 3.2.5 觸媒回收 46 第四章 結果與討論 48 4.1 原料油性質 48 4.2 觸媒之基本性質 48 4.2.1 SEM-EDX分析 48 4.2.2 比表面積 53 4.2.3 XRD定性繞射分析 53 4.2.4 磁滯曲線 58 4.3 轉酯化反應 59 4.3.1 大豆油之轉酯化反應 59 4.3.2 痲瘋樹油之兩階段轉酯化反應 67 4.3.3 生質柴油之性質 67 第五章 結論與建議 70 5.1 結論 70 5.2 建議 71 參考文獻 73 A. 附錄─實驗數據 a | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 磁性固體鹼觸媒之合成及其應用於生質柴油製造 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Synthesis of Magnetic Solid Base Catalysts and Their Application for Biodiesel Manufacturing | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 105-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳嘉明(Jia-Ming Chern),陳奕宏(Yi-Hung CHEN) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 生質柴油,大豆油,痲瘋樹油,磁性固體觸媒,轉酯化反應,氧化鈣,氧化鎂, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Biodiesel,soybean oil,jatropha oil,magnetic solid catalysts,transesterification,calcium oxide,magnesium oxide, | en |
dc.relation.page | 79 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201703667 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2017-08-18 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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