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標題: | 薰衣草精油對睡眠品質及呼吸中止症之影響 The Effect of Lavender Essential Oil on Sleep Quality and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome |
作者: | Yan-Lin Wu 吳彥霖 |
指導教授: | 劉佩玲(Pei-ling Liu) |
關鍵字: | 薰衣草精油,睡眠呼吸中止症,心跳變異率,龐加萊圖,Lomb-Scargle頻譜, Lavender Essential Oil,Sleep Apnea Syndrome,Heart Rate Variability,Poincare plot,Lomb-Scargle periodogram, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 隨著現代人白天生活步調的變快,夜間睡眠品質逐漸受到重視,在許多睡眠障礙之中,阻塞型睡眠呼吸中止症(OSA)對人們的睡眠造成最大困擾,此症狀也會對於人體精神層面與心血管造成不良的影響,故本研究嘗試利用薰衣草精油,來改善患者睡眠呼吸中止的症狀,或是提升患者與一般人的睡眠品質。
為了分析薰衣草精油對於睡眠的影響,本研究安排了正常受試者13位、輕度OSA患者10位與中重度OSA症患者9位,總共有32位受試者接受睡眠試驗。實驗分兩階段進行,第一階段(上半夜)歷時4小時,睡眠檢查室施放薰衣草精油,第二階段(下半夜)歷時約3小時,持續至受試者清醒為止,睡眠檢查室僅施放蒸餾水,此實驗稱為精油實驗。 本研究以二種方法來分析薰衣草精油對睡眠品質之影響,第一種是分析精油對睡眠事件與呼吸事件的影響,第二種則是分析精油對心電訊號的影響。 本研究比較了上半夜與下半夜的睡眠事件與呼吸事件,發現施放精油時,正常受試者的清醒時間顯著降低 (p=0.04),且深睡期(N3)的總時間(p=0.018) 顯著增加;而OSA患者則是中度睡眠期(N2)的總時間(p=0.028) 顯著增加。 本研究對心電訊號之分析,是先由心電圖訊號擷取心跳變異時間序列,再進行混沌理論中的龐加萊圖分析以及Lomb-Scargle功率頻譜分析,來分析精油對於受試者自律神經系統及心臟的影響。 為確認心電訊號之變化係由精油或上、下半夜時段所造成,本研究另納入一組整夜未施放精油的睡眠試驗訊號作比較,稱為一般睡眠實驗,其受試者包含正常受試者20位、輕度OSA患者9位與中重度OSA患者14位。 由龐加萊圖分析結果發現,一般睡眠實驗正常受試者與輕度OSA症患者,上半夜的SD1、SSR會低於下半夜;但是在精油實驗中正常受試者與輕度OSA受試者,反而是上半夜釋放精油的時段高於下半夜,且兩組實驗上、下半夜SD1、SSR之差值ΔSD1、ΔSSR互相比較,皆達到統計上的顯著水準(正常受試者:ΔSD1 p=0.02、ΔSSR p=0.001、輕度OSA受試者:ΔSD1 p=0.009、ΔSSR p=0.023),顯示副交感神經活性會受到精油影響而提升,使得人體心跳減慢並降低呼吸速率,睡眠中的身心狀況將更為放鬆。 由Lomb-Scargle頻譜分析結果可知,正常受試者在一般睡眠實驗中上半夜的低高頻功率比(LHR)高於下半夜,但在精油實驗中在上半夜的LHR卻低於下半夜,兩組實驗上、下半夜LHR之差值ΔLHR相比較,有顯著差異性存在(p=0.009),由此可知精油改變了交感神經與副交感神經之間的活性平衡,促進了副交感神經的活性,睡眠中心臟負荷程度將變低,降低了心血管疾病發生的機會。 從以上結果可知,薰衣草精油不僅可以改善一般人與輕度OSA患者的睡眠品質,也可以降低副交感神經的活性,使心血管疾病發生的機率降低;然而對於中重度OSA患者則沒有明顯的影響。 The importance of night time sleep quality is emerging as the pace of everyday life speeds up. Among sleep disorder diseases, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) affects the patient’s sleep quality most seriously. It may even induce mental or cardiovascular problems. The research studies the influence of lavender essential oil on sleep, with the hope that lavender essential oil can improve SAS and sleep quality. In order to analyze the effect of lavender essential oil on sleep, whole night polysomnography was performed on 32 subjects (13 normal, 10 with mild OSA, and 9 with moderate-severe OSA). The polysomnography constituted of two sessions. The first session lasted for 4 hours in which lavender essential oil was vaporized. The second session started from the 5th hour until the subject wakes up. In this session, only distilled water was vaporized. This study adopts two approaches to evaluate the effect of lavender essential oil on sleep. One is by comparing the sleep events in the two sessions; the other is by analyzing electrocardiography (ECG) signals. Comparison of sleep events shows that for normal subjects, the wake time after sleep onset (WASO) in the first session is significantly shorter than in the second session (p=0.04); the duration of stage N3 in the first session is significantly longer than in the second session (p=0.018). For OSA patients, the duration of stage N2 in the first session is significantly longer than in the second session (p=0.028). It indicates that lavender essential oil may improve the sleep quality of subjects. In the ECG analysis, the single-lead ECG of subjects were used to determine the heart rate variability (HRV). Then, HRV was analyzed using the Poincaré plot and Lomb-Scargle periodogram. In order to construct a baseline for comparison, 43 polysomnograms obtained in regular polysomnography were used in this study. No essential oil was applied in these tests. The subjects comprised 20 normal persons, 9 mild OSA patients, and 14 moderate-severe OSA patients. The Poincaré plot of the ECG recordings show that for normal and mild OSA subjects, the SD1’s and SSR’s of the first sessions are higher in the aromatherapy trials but lower in the baseline trials. Computing the difference of SD1 in the first and second sessions, denoted ΔSD1, one can see that ΔSD1 is significantly lower in the baseline trials than in the aromatherapy trials (p<0.05). This is also true for ΔSSR. The above results suggest that aromatherapy may enhance parasympathetic activity and reduce the heart rate and respiration rate. This implies that the subjects are more relaxed while in sleep. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram results show that for normal subjects, The ratio of LF power to HF power (LHR) of the first sessions is lower in the aromatherapy trials but higher in the baseline trials. Computing the difference of LHR in the first and second sessions, denoted ΔLHR, one can see that ΔLHR is significantly higher in the baseline trials than in the aromatherapy trials (p<0.05). This suggests that aromatherapy may adjust the autonomic nervous system balance of the subjects to relieve the heart stress. In conclusion, vaporization of lavender essential oil seems to be able to improve the sleep quality of normal persons and mild OSA patients and to decrease the parasympathetic nervous system activity. However, its influence on moderate-severe OSA patients is not significant and needs to be studied further. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/19845 |
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