沖繩縣的國際化策略：海外事務所的布建與效用

Abstract

身為離島的沖繩縣若要使經濟更加蓬勃發展，就必須致力於開發海外市場。本論文針對其國際化戰略，聚焦於擔任海外據點的海外事務所上，探究其設置和效用。 第一章，敘述本研究的背景、動機與目的。沖繩縣在地理上和日本本土相距遙遠，因為島嶼經濟的不利性導致產業基礎脆弱，縣民的人均所得的提高及高失業率變成課題。 第二章，採用Michael Eugene Porter Diamond Model作為基本架構，驗證沖繩縣觀光產業的競爭優勢。 以新加坡經濟開發廳EDB（Singapore Economic Development Board）和旅遊局STB（Singapore Tourism Board ）為海外事例，來論述若沖繩縣要強化拓展海外、招攬外國旅客的體制時，政府所應扮演的角色。 此外，關於強化構成波特鑽石理論的4個要素，針對近年來劇增的華人旅客的招攬體制，以及沖繩拓展海外的人材培育，台灣身為離沖繩最近的國家，藉由促進和台灣的交流，探討是否與強化鑽石要素相關。 第三章，概觀沖繩縣的經濟與產業現狀，闡明問題後，論述在海外拓展上找到出路的必要性。 第四章，闡述日本地方政府海外事務所的狀況和問題，以及沖繩縣海內外事務所的工作。另外，針對海外拓展及招攬外國旅客的課題、企業需求和對政府的期望作論述。 第五章，敘述結論課題和建議。作為結論，身為海島的沖繩縣，必須增設作為國內外經營點的事務所及增加預算以強化機能。此外，若要將縣外和海外事務所的功能和效果發揮到極限，縣廳與海外、縣外事務所需要更有效率的工作架構，以此為前提，筆者認為改革縣政府的組織體制與職員意識變得更加重要。

Okinawa is an island prefecture that is struggling to attract economic development . The goal of this study is to develop an internationalization strategy, focusing on the overseas offices that play a role of overseas bases and consider the installation and utility . In Chapter 1, The author descried the background of the study, purpose and motivation . Further economic development of the prefecture of Okinawa is essential to mitigate the high unemployment rate, the low per-capita income, and the struggling island economy due to lack of an industrial base, and its remoteness from mainland Japanese market. In Chapter 2, The author used the basic framework of Michael Porter`s Diamond Method of National Advantage to examine Okinawa`s tourism industry. Additionally, case studies from the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB) and the Singapore Tourism Board (STB) were examined to gain insight into the possible role of government in increasing tourism. Such as, Okinawa Prefecture of overseas expansion, towards the strengthening of the accept foreign tourists. Also, towards the strengthening Porter`s diamond of the four elements, accept preparation of tourists from Chinese area in recent years rapidly increasing, For human resource development towards Okinawa overseas expansion, Taiwan, is the closest foreign from Okinawa, Through the promotion of exchanges with Taiwan, lead to strengthen the elements of the diamond. In Chapter 3, In order to reveal the problems of Okinawa, The author described an overview of the current state of the Okinawa Prefecture of industrial economy . Given Okinawa’s lack of an industrial base, as well as limited land available for further development, it is vital that the government of Okinawa find a way to attract additional economic development opportunities consistent with those limitations. In Chapter 4, The author described Situation and problems of Japan's local governments of overseas offices, also, described work of overseas offices and domestic offices of Okinawa Prefecture Those issues were described here. In addition, problems relating to the acceptance of tourists from abroad, and the need for overseas expansion of companies and mentioned the desire of companies to the government of Okinawa In Chapter 5, Author descried conclusions , problems and proposals. In conclusion, Okinawa is a small island prefecture, to achieve further economic development, require increasing offices , the budget and number of personnel committed to these offices, as well as a need to strengthen their functions. In addition, to strengthen their functions outside the prefecture office and overseas offices, it is necessary to effective the relationship between the headquarters Office, overseas offices, and outside prefecture office. As a prerequisite, the organization of government, Consciousness reform of staff becomes more important.