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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 李篤中 | |
dc.contributor.author | Pai-Shih Chiang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 江拜石 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T01:53:47Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2016-08-02 | |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2016-07-18 | |
dc.identifier.citation | [1] C. W. Tsao, “Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts from the Needles of Pinus taiwanensis and Pinus morrisonicola,” M.S. thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2005.
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/19325 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 臺灣五葉松在許多研究中已被指出具有生物益性且富含高含量的抗氧化成分;壓縮膨發法是一種常見的食物加工處理方法,操作簡單亦環保,可有效的破壞食物的外殼結構,因此本研究旨在藉由對五葉松進行壓縮膨發預處理來提升其溶劑萃取效率並對製程最佳化。除了多酚的基本定量分析,本研究利用掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)和水銀測孔儀(MIP)分析比較五葉松在預處理前後的形態變化;並利用高效液相層析儀(HPLC)和傅立葉紅外光譜儀(FTIR)對五葉松萃取物進行定性分析。
實驗結果指出壓縮膨發法可以有效地破壞五葉松的細胞壁,並在表面形成奈米孔洞,再將數據以二次反應方程式回歸,得出預處理對表面的破壞可有效加速初始萃取速率。另外,藉由HPLC和FTIR的分析,得到五葉松的主要成份為兒茶素,進一步的分析更得到為了有效的萃取出兒茶素,溶劑萃取應控制在攝氏70度以下,以避免多酚化合物的熱分解及離子化。 除了預處理,本研究亦利用反映曲面法對溶劑萃取五葉松中的多酚成份及其抗氧化能力進行最佳化實驗。反映曲面法得到二次回歸式其p value (<0.01)跟R2 (>0.98)都顯示出實驗結果得出的模型具有良好的回歸,而模型得出的最佳萃取環境為:36.1%酒精水溶液、攝氏70度的萃取溫度和50 mL/g的溶劑物料比。最後,以反映曲面法得出的最佳萃取環境對預處理過後的五葉松進行萃取處理,所得到的萃取物出比未進行預處理的五葉松萃取物含有5倍的多酚含量及3倍的抗氧化能力,而且,跟市售的酵素產品必較亦有相當的競爭力。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Pinus morrisonicola has been reported bio-benefit and contains high amount of antioxidant bioactive compounds. This study is aimed to increase the extraction yield and efficiency of the antioxidant phenolic compounds from Pinus morrisonicola. A simple, environmentally friendly and reactant-saving compressional-puffing process is applied to the pretreatment of the extraction process. Scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry are used to characterize the morphological changes. Also, high-performance liquid chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are used to analyze and characterize phenolic compounds of the pine needles extracts. The results show that compressional-puffing leads to a considerable destruction of the cell walls of the pine needles’ with the appearance of numerous nanopores. By fitting the data to a second-order kinetic extraction model has led to a 9 fold increase of the initial extraction rate. By HPLC and FTIR, the major components of the pine needles extracts are identified as catechin. The suitable extraction conditions for catechin are aqueous ethanol as solvent in a range of 25 to 50 % (v/v) while the extraction temperature is maintained less than 70 ºC in order to prevent the decomposition and ionization of phenolic compounds.
Besides the utilization of the pretreatment, the optimum extraction conditions for the phenolic compounds from pine needles are determined by using response surface methodology with a central-composite design. The effects of ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and liquid-solid ratio on the extraction yield (total flavonoids content and total phenolic content) and antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging activity, FRAP and ABTS scavenging activity) are investigated. A quadratic model afforded a superior ‘fit’ of the experimental data with R2 > 0.98 and p value < 0.01. The optimum conditions to maximise the extraction yields and antioxidant activity of the pine needles extracts are: 36.1 % (v/v) of ethanol, 70 ºC and 50 mL/g of liquid-solid ratio. Under these conditions the extraction of pine needles, pretreated by compressional-puffing, is conducted and the result show a 5 fold increase in extraction yield of phenolic compounds and a 3 fold increase in antioxidant activity. In addition, the pine needles extracts are also compared with commercial enzyme products and show competitiveness in both total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T01:53:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-105-R03524086-1.pdf: 11697449 bytes, checksum: 3bfe69ab68ab442e0bc7f23066f356a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 #
誌謝 i 中文摘要 ii ABSTRACT iii CONTENTS v LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF TABLES xii ABBREVIATION LIST xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Literature review 3 2.1 Pinus morrisonicola 3 2.2 Antioxidant phenolic compounds 4 2.2.1 Phenolic compounds 4 2.2.2 Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds 7 2.3 Batch solvent extraction of phenolic compounds 9 2.3.1 Kinetic model based on second-order rate law 10 2.3.2 General extraction parameters 14 2.4 Compressional-puffing pretreatment 15 Chapter 3 Materials and methods 17 3.1 Chemicals and materials 17 3.1.1 Chemicals 17 3.1.2 Materials 17 3.2 Phenolic compounds extraction 18 3.2.1 Compressional-puffing pretreatment 18 3.2.2 Batch solvent extraction process 18 3.3 Analysis methods 19 3.3.1 Total flavonoid content (TFC) 19 3.3.2 Total phenolic content (TPC) 20 3.3.3 DPPH radical scavenging assay 21 3.3.4 Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) 22 3.3.5 ABTS radical scavenging activity 23 3.3.6 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 24 3.3.7 Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) 24 3.3.8 High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis 25 3.3.9 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 26 3.4 Experimental design 26 3.4.1 Response surface methodology 26 3.4.2 Statistical analysis 28 3.4.3 Verification of the model 29 Chapter 4 Results and discussion 30 4.1 Effect of compressional-puffing pretreatment on pine needles 30 4.1.1 Effect of the pretreatment on phenolic compounds extraction yield 32 4.1.2 Second-order kinetic model for extraction 39 4.2 Single factor effect on phenolic compounds extraction from pine needles 42 4.2.1 Effect of ethanol concentration 42 4.2.2 Effect of extraction temperature 57 4.2.3 Effect of liquid-solid ratio 65 4.3 Optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from pine needles after compressional-puffing pretreatment 66 4.3.1 Model fitting 66 4.3.2 Effect of extraction parameters on extraction yield 70 4.3.3 Effect of extraction parameters on antioxidant activity 75 4.3.4 Verification of the models and optimization of extraction yield and antioxidant activity 80 4.4 Comparison with commercial products 82 Chapter 5 Conclusions 85 REFERENCE 86 APPENDIX 95 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 壓縮膨發處理對五葉松多酚萃取及其抗氧化活性之評估研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Evaluation of compressional-puffing pretreatment for antioxidant phenolic compounds extraction from Pinus morrisonicola | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 104-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Christopher Whiteley,鄭智嘉,黃志彬 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 臺灣五葉松,多酚萃取,抗氧化能力,壓縮膨發預處理,反映曲面法, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Pinus morrisonicola,Phenolic compounds extraction,Antioxidant activity,Compressional-puffing pretreatment,catechin,Response surface methodology, | en |
dc.relation.page | 101 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201601000 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2016-07-18 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 化學工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 化學工程學系 |
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