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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 林美峰(Mei-Fong Lin) | |
dc.contributor.author | Fang-Yu Kuo | en |
dc.contributor.author | 郭芳瑜 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T01:44:05Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2016-08-31 | |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2016-08-15 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 吳春利。2001。畜牧學實習(飼料分析)。合記圖書出版社,臺北市。
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/19071 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究之目的旨在研究竹葉採食對小貓熊(Ailurus fulgens)消化表現與後腸發酵狀況的影響,透過測定不同的糞便指標,以建立圈養小貓熊之腸道健康評估指標。為了解竹葉採食對小貓熊消化表現與後腸發酵狀況之季節性影響,以臺北市立動物園之三隻公小貓熊為實驗動物,進行為期一年之試驗。試驗期間每日紀錄採食狀況,每兩週收集一次新鮮糞便樣本,並依樣本型態與組成分為竹葉便、精料便和混合便,進行菌相組成、短鏈脂肪酸和糞便酵素活性的分析。同時亦進行食材收集,分析竹葉的營養成分與次級代謝物。結果顯示三隻個體的竹葉採食量波動幅度大且對孟宗竹具有明顯的偏好,竹葉營養組成之分析結果顯示小貓熊對於竹葉品質相當挑剔。在整個試驗期間,糞便之乳酸桿菌屬和梭狀桿菌屬對總菌數之比例相當穩定,腸球菌屬和大腸桿菌群的比例則多有波動。各酵素具有不同的季節性變化模式,以蛋白酶的活性較為穩定。而糞便短鏈脂肪酸組成以乙酸為主,其次依序為丁酸、異丁酸及丙酸。竹葉便具有較高的腸球菌屬比例(P < 0.05)與較高的酯酶活性(P < 0.05),而內切型纖維素酶則在精料便中有較高的活性(P < 0.05)。另一方面,竹葉採食量與大腸桿菌群之比例呈現負相關,並與外切型纖維素酶活性呈現正相關。綜合以上,乳酸桿菌屬與梭狀桿菌屬之比例、蛋白酶活性與乙酸之比例可作為臺北市立動物園小貓熊合適的檢測指標,而竹葉採食會對小貓熊後腸發酵功能造成影響。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The objective of this study was to establish indicators for intestinal health in captive red pandas (Ailurus fulgens). A whole year experiment with three male red pandas in Taipei Zoo were used to investigate the effect of bamboo leaf consumption on animal digestion performance and hindgut fermentation. During the trial period, bamboo leaves consumption was recorded daily and fresh feces were collected biweekly. The collected feces were classified into leaf-type (LF), concentrate-type (CF) and mix-type (MF) by their constituent. The microbiota composition, enzymes activities and concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) of each fecal samples were analyzed. The nutrient composition and secondary metabolites in bamboo leaves were also analyzed. The fluctuating intake of bamboo leaves and distinct preference of Moso bamboo indicated that red pandas were very selective on the quality of food. Analysis of microbiota showed that the ratio of Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium spp. remained stable throughout the entire experiment. The fecal enzymes activities varied with season, and protease activity was relatively stable. The acetate was the major SCFA, followed by butyrate, isobutyrate and propionate. The types of feces showed significant influence on fecal indicators. The LF had higher Enterococcus spp. ratio (P < 0.05) and higher esterase activity (P < 0.05), while higher endocellulase activity was shown in the CF (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the consumption of bamboo leaves negatively correlated with the ratio of coliform, and positively correlated with exocellulase activity. In conclusion, the ratio of Lactobacillus spp., Clostridium spp. and acetate, and protease activity in feces are credible fecal indicators for red pandas in Taipei Zoo. The varied characteristics in different types of feces and the correlations suggested that consumption of bamboo leaves influenced the fermentation function of red pandas. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T01:44:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-105-R03626011-1.pdf: 3561112 bytes, checksum: 90d8ef9054aac3f45769409c45dfa04a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝 誌 I
摘 要 II ABSTRACT III 目 錄 IV 圖 次 VII 表 次 VIII 緒 言 IX 壹、文獻回顧 1 一、 小貓熊簡介 1 (一) 消化道系統 1 (二) 對於竹子的利用性 2 (三) 對於竹子的適應性 2 (四) 腸道菌相 4 (五) 圈養狀況下之飼糧 5 二、 腸道微生物與宿主之關係 6 (一) 菌相變化 7 (二) 後腸微生物發酵作用 9 三、 竹葉對於消化道型態及功能的可能影響 13 (一) 纖維對消化道型態及功能之影響 13 (二) 植物次級代謝物之功能 20 (三) 採食部位對於單一食性動物菌相之影響 22 四、 野生動物研究上的困境 23 貳、材料與方法 24 一、 試驗動物 24 二、 試驗設計 25 三、 測定項目及分析方法 26 (一) 糞便風乾水分測定 26 (二) 糞便菌相分析 26 (三) 糞便酵素活性之測定 27 (四) 糞便短鏈脂肪酸之測定 33 (五) 食材近似分析 34 (六) 竹葉次級代謝物之分析 36 四、 資料分析與統計 39 参、結果 40 一、 食材營養成分分析 40 (一) 竹葉分析 40 (二) 非竹葉食材分析 42 二、 竹葉採食紀錄 43 三、 小貓熊糞便組成分析 46 (一) 糞便風乾水分含量 46 (二) 糞便組成份分析 46 四、 小貓熊糞便菌相組成 47 (一) 常在菌 47 (二) 致病菌 49 五、 小貓熊糞便酵素活性 50 六、 小貓熊糞便中短鏈脂肪酸組成 53 七、 竹葉中次級代謝物 55 八、 糞便指標之間的相關性 56 (一) 相同類型指標間的相關性 56 (二) 相異類型指標間的相關性 56 (三) 竹葉採食量與糞便指標之相關性 58 肆、討論 59 一、 影響小貓熊採食竹葉之因素 59 二、 不同糞便型態之間的差異 61 (一) 糞便水分 61 (二) 糞便酵素活性 62 (三) 糞便短鏈脂肪酸之組成 63 三、 各指標間的相關性 64 (一) 相同類型指標間的相關性 64 (二) 相異類型指標間的相關性 64 (三) 竹葉採食量與糞便指標之相關性 65 四、 季節性變化對小貓熊糞便指標之影響 66 五、 竹葉中次級代謝物之變化與影響 68 六、 合適的糞便指標 69 伍、結論 71 參考文獻 72 附 錄 85 小 傳 86 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 小貓熊腸道健康指標之建立 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Establishment of Indicators for Intestinal Health in Red Pandas (Ailurus fulgens) | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 104-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 王翰聰(Han-Tsung Wang) | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王淑音,魏恒巍,劉?睿 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 小貓熊,竹葉,菌相,糞便酵素活性,次級代謝物, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | red panda,bamboo leaves,microbiota,fecal enzyme activity,secondary metabolites, | en |
dc.relation.page | 86 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201602398 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2016-08-17 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物科學技術學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 動物科學技術學系 |
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