『陳夫人』におけるアイデンティティーと文化衝突

Abstract

西元1895年，台灣成為了日本第一個殖民地。自此之後的五十年間，台灣與日本有一段共同的歷史經驗與回憶。在這殖民時期中，日本一開始的放任制度到皇民化政策，都深刻地影響著台灣的人民。許多台灣的文化與傳統，因為日本的政策制度而改變或者消失。在此期間，關於在台灣殖民地的生活，有為數不少的文學作品被視為珍寶。其中不乏有台灣人或者日本人所寫的台灣文學。 在殖民地文學裡，台灣人作家所寫的文學，通常著重於日本政府迫使台灣人民接受不平等的待遇，較無法以客觀的立場去敘述日本人殖民台灣的這段時期內所發生的狀況。為了從不同的角度去理解當時的台灣人與日本人一起生活的種種現象，選擇以《陳夫人》作為此篇論文文本分析的題材。並且最重要的是，在日治時期，日本人極力於統治台灣，甚至是同化台灣。在此情況下，台灣人要如何去應對這樣的變化與政策。而在同化政策裡，日本人最為推廣的方式為「通婚」。透過民族通婚來致使台灣人民接納日本人，並對日本產生認同感。在以「血統融合」的方式，來進行民族融合的過程當中，產生了一些文化衝突，以及自我意識的混淆。身為台灣人該如何去接納這一切的改變。 透過這篇作品《陳夫人》，可以看到在台日通婚的情況下，一個台灣名門家族的改變，從衛生習慣到生活方式，進而影響到觀念。也可以看得到在台日通婚家庭下所孕育出來的小孩，會遇到怎麼樣的自我意識混淆，以及該如何去面對與改善這一切。

In 1895, Taiwan became part of the Empire of Great Japan as its first colony. Since then, Taiwan and Japan had had many common historical experiences and memories for five decades. In the colonial period, from the unrestrained policy to the Japanized policy, there was a profound impact on the people of Taiwan. Because of Japan’s policy, Taiwan’s culture and traditions changed and disappeared. During this time, there were a large number of literary works describing the lives of Taiwanese regarded as “Taiwan’s treasure.” Many of “Taiwanese Literature” were written by Japanese or Taiwanese. The works of the colonial literature which were written by Taiwanese writers mainly focused on how the Japanese government forced the people of Taiwan to accept the unequal treatment. The works could not comparatively describe the objective situations happening in Taiwan during Japanese-governed period. From different points of view, in order to understand the former various phenomena of Taiwanese and Japanese lives, the essay chooses the work “Madame Chen” as the text to analyze them. Most important of all, Japanese gave every effort to dominate Taiwanese during Japanese-governed period, and even more worse, to assimilate Taiwanese. Under the circumstances, how would the Taiwanese manage to deal with the changes and policies? In the policy of assimilation, the most promotional way Japanese took was “mixed marriage.” Through the “mixed marriage”, Japanese forced Taiwanese to accept them, and to produce the sense of identification to Japan. Under the approach of lineage fusion in the process of national integration, there would be some cultural conflict and some confusion of self-consciousness. How did the people living in Taiwan at that time accept all of these changes? Through the work “Madam Chen”, you can observe the changes of Taiwan’s prestigious family under the circumstances of intermarriage between Taiwanese and Japanese. Sanitary habits, the way of lives, and the concepts, all were affected by the situation. You can also catch sight of the children who were born in the intermarriage between Taiwanese and Japanese. How confusing of self-consciousness they would encounter! And how would they face and improve them?