船務企業可持續發展戰略的探索—以A船務公司為例

Abstract

2015年，在供應側改革的大潮中，我國航運市場的進行了大洗牌，2016年，航運業在深化去庫存去產能的改革中，造船業與航運業陷得更深。船務公司出路何在？出路只有一條：改革，跟隨著船務產業功能的調整，船務企業必須進一步加快轉變經濟發展方式。本論文擬以A船務公司發展為背景，運用戰略管理的相關理論，在對現有A船務公司資源、環境進行充分分析的基礎上，制定了企業的可持續發展戰略，提出船舶運輸公司的技術創新、市場行銷、運作管理、財務管理和人力資源開發與管理等方面的實施策略，確保A船務公司的可持續發展。因研究案例來自中國大陸，所以涉及金額為人民幣。 第一章為緒論，闡述本文研究背景與意義、相關文獻綜述、研究內容與思路、研究方法 ； 第二章為相關理論及研究綜述，提出本文發展戰略理論及戰略分析工具，闡述企業發展戰略的必要性，及與船務企業戰略實施相關的可持續發展理論、產業集群理論； 第三章，以具體企業為例，介紹船務企業基本概況的基礎上，船務企業發展現狀及問題——以某某企業為例 ，從擴大生產與商業週期背離、產業投資方向不精准、互聯網技術跟不上企業發展，分析目前該船務企業發展存在的問題及原因； 第四章進行船務企業發展環境分析，分別包括船務企業外部環境的分析、船務企業產業環境的分析、船務企業發展戰略SWOT分析； 第五章從可持續發展戰略理論，提出船務企業發展戰略變革的路徑，率先提出船務企業發展總體戰略目標與實施步驟，提出船務企業的發展競爭戰略採取的多元化、差異化方案，以及確保企業滿足產業發展需求的船務企業產業集群戰略方案； 第六章，船務企業發展戰略變革的實施 ，先後包括邊際創新管理機制、提升公司產業融合效能、積極轉變並購發展觀念、網路經濟背景組織變革、價值鏈整合與拓展、資訊化技術體系戰略、船務企業發展戰略保障措施。 在全球經濟一體化的背景下，船舶運輸市場發展迅速且潛力巨大，國內與國外市場的界限越來越模糊，隨著我國經濟的快速發展及國際地位的不斷提高，越來越多的國內企業回應國家提出的“走出去”戰略，走出國門在海上市場上尋求發展。船務企業將繼續在公司發展戰略的引導下，利用各種資源優勢，打造成以集裝箱業務為主，產業化程度較高，輕資產、強管理、市場化更加充分的專業分公司。在這一特定歷史背景下，船務企業逐漸重視集裝箱業務的發展戰略研究，試圖基於產業可持續發展戰略之上，提出船務企業產業發展戰略對策。

In 2015, the supply side reforms in the shipping market in China is a major reshuffle, 2016, the shipping industry in the deepening of reform to the inventory to capacity in the shipbuilding industry and shipping industry is deeper. The shipping company where the way out? Only one way: reform, follow the shipping industry function adjustment, shipping enterprises must further accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development. This paper is intended to A shipping company development as the background, the use of strategic management theory, based on the analysis of the existing A shipping company resources and environment, develop the strategy of sustainable development of enterprises, put forward the implementation strategy of ship transportation company, technology innovation, marketing, operation management, financial management and human resources development with management, to ensure that the A shipping company to provide strong support for the country to upgrade. Because the study case from mainland China, so the amount involved is RMB. The first chapter is the introduction, which describes the background and significance of this study, literature review, research content and ideas, research methods, as well as the innovation of this paper; The second chapter is the summary of the related theory and research, this paper puts forward the development strategy theory and strategic analysis tools, necessity of enterprise development strategy, and the shipping enterprise strategy implementation of sustainable development theory, industrial cluster theory; The third chapter, with the specific enterprise as an example, introduced the basic situation of shipping enterprises, shipping enterprises development status and problems existed in certain enterprise as an example, from the development to expand production and business cycle, from industrial investment direction is not accurate, the Internet technology behind the enterprise, analysis the current problems and causes of the development of shipping enterprises; The fourth chapter analyzes the development environment of shipping enterprises, including shipping enterprise external environment analysis, industry environment analysis, shipping enterprises shipping enterprise development strategy SWOT analysis; The strategy of sustainable development theory from the fifth chapter, puts forward the path change development strategy of shipping enterprises, first proposed the shipping enterprise development overall strategic goals and implementation steps, proposed scheme of diversification, differences take competitive strategy for the development of the shipping enterprises, and to ensure that the needs of enterprises to meet the industrial development of the shipping enterprise industry cluster strategy; The sixth chapter, the implementation of reform and development strategy of shipping enterprises, including the marginal innovation management mechanism, enhance the company's industrial integration efficiency, actively change the development of mergers and acquisitions ideas, network economy transformation, value chain integration and development, information technology, ship service system of strategic enterprise development strategy safeguard measures. Under the background of global economic integration, the shipping market has developed rapidly, the boundaries of domestic and foreign market has become increasingly blurred, with China's rapid economic development and rising international status, more and more domestic enterprises in response to the 'go out' strategy, go abroad to seek development in the offshore market. Shipping enterprises will continue in the company's development strategy under the guidance of the use of various resources, create a container business, high degree of industrialization, asset light, strong market management, fully professional branch. In this particular historical background, research on the development strategy of container shipping enterprises have paid more attention to the business, to based on the sustainable development strategy, and puts forward some countermeasures for developing strategy of shipping enterprises.