開發番茄抗黃化捲葉病毒病基因座Ty-1/Ty-3之分子標誌

Abstract

番茄黃化捲葉病毒病 (tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease) 流行於熱帶與亞熱帶地區，常造成番茄產量極為嚴重的損失。本研究的目的在開發位於Ty-1/Ty-3抗病基因座內的「酶切增幅多型性序列」 (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence, CAPS) 分子標誌，並利用抗病自交系T3224與不抗此病毒病的野生番茄Solanum pimpinellifolium 種原L3708雜交所建立之F2:3系統分離族群，驗證該系統分離族群在粉蝨傳媒病圃接種番茄捲葉病毒的病徵與此CAPS分子標誌基因型之間的相關性。試驗結果發現藉由比較抗病對偶基因序列與感病對偶基因序列之間的單一核苷酸多型性 (single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)，抗病自交系T3224的對偶基因與Ty-3抗病對偶基因最相似。本試驗由區分抗病對偶基因與感病對偶基因之間的一個SNP，開發出CAPS分子標誌RSp14B。在2012年秋作和2013年春作，具有不同RSp14B基因型植株之間，番茄黃化捲葉病毒病的罹病程度皆呈現統計上顯著的差異。

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease often causes severe yield losses in tomato production especially in tropical and subtropical areas. The purpose of the current study was to develop the cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) marker at the Ty-1/Ty-3 locus resistant to the tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease. F2:3 families derived from the cross of the resistant inbred line T3224 and the susceptible wild tomato accession L3708 (Solanum pimpinellifolium) were used to validate the correlation between the genotypes of the CAPS marker and the disease severity in the field. The results showed that the allele of the Ty-1/Ty-3 locus in the inbred line T3224 showed the highest sequence similarity to the Ty-3 allele based on the comparison of SNPs between the resistant alleles and the susceptible alleles. The CAPS marker RSp14B was developed based on one SNP site that distinguishes the resistant and susceptible alleles of the Ty-1/Ty-3 locus. Statistically significant differences for severity of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease were observed among tomato plants with different genotypes of the RSp14B marker in the F2:3 families in the field trials in Fall 2012 and Spring 2013.