陸游墓誌銘研究

Abstract

本論文以陸游墓誌銘為研究對象，探討陸游墓誌銘的創作理念、書寫內涵與表現形式，並藉由比對墓誌銘與宋代史傳，發掘其中的同與異。墓誌銘作為墓主一生蓋棺論定的作品，連結了撰寫者、墓主與後世讀者，其重要性不言可喻。而陸游作為墓誌銘的創作者，更是秉持著「義不可辭」的書寫理念，企圖以墓誌銘傳達「立德、立功、立言」的渴望，同時也寄託了自己的人生感慨。就書寫內容而言，陸游墓誌銘除了書寫墓主的生平記事，更反映了自己的思想，其內容涵蓋政治、經濟、法治、女性，而這些內容也呈現了南宋的時代風貌。此外，陸游墓誌銘的表現形式也有其巧思，其序的元素編排呈現了結構的多樣性，題的簡化則反映了他對墓主的評判，而銘的變化更展現了高度的文學性。最後，本研究將陸游墓誌銘與史料互相參照，以文史並陳的方式比較兩者差異，分析陸游的創作意圖並進一步認識其創作之優勢與侷限，使陸游墓誌銘的研究更趨完備。

This thesis provides a comprehensive view on epitaphs written by Lu-You. By analyzing the inspiration, subjects, and formality about epitaph creation, while comparing with peers and historical materials of the Song Dynasty, it presents the characteristic and differentiation of his works. An epitaph, as a conclusion of the long life of the buried one, is a link between the departed, the writer and the massive successors crossing generations. It is a significant literary work. As an epitaph writer, Lu-You viewed it as an “irresistible Yi (duty of honesty)” as his principle for writing. He tried to tell his adore toward “achieving morals”, “achieving exploits” and “achieving literature”. It reflects the regrets and hopes of Lu-You’s life. Furthermore, in terms of content, Lu-You wrote not only the biographic of the departed, but also his experience and thought. It covered the politics, economics, jurisprudence and feminine, drawing a vivid sketch of the Southern Song Dynasty. Besides, his talent was shown in the formality of composition. For preface, the arrangement of elements provides much flexibility. For title, he simplified the sentence as a judgement for the departed. And for inscription, the diversity reveals the literary genius of him. Last but not least, this thesis compares the epitaphs with historical materials. By means of listing the historical evidence as references to the epitaph literal and analyzing the intension of creation, it tells the advantageous and restriction of his work. With all these examination from different aspect, it completes the research on epitaphs by Lu-You.