發展遲緩兒童母親的壓力及相關因子探討

Abstract

一、研究目的 本研目的在探討發展遲緩兒童母親之壓力來源，及其相關因素。 二、材料與方法 自某早療中心的2至6歲發展遲緩兒童之母親中，立意選取110位同意參加本研究者為研究樣本。利用既有及自行發展之研究工具，收集相關資料。主要變項為發展遲緩兒童母親之個人因素、病兒特質、家庭因素及自覺壓力來源。資料經偵錯之後，以SPSS統計軟體，進行描述性和推論性統計。 三、結果 發展遲緩兒童母親之樣本最主要的兩個壓力源是病童照顧困難（平均值=3.2）和夫妻相處困難（平均值=3.2）。其自覺壓力的相關因素為「身心狀況」和「15歲以下子女數」。 四、建議 本研究提出以下兩項建議：1.建議針對育有多位15歲以下兒童，或本身身心狀況不佳之發展遲緩兒童的母親，宜列為優先照顧的對象。2.提供有關「病童照顧」及「夫妻相處」的技巧及情緒支持以減輕他們之壓力。

Objects: This study was aimed to investigate the sources of maternal stress and the correlates among children with development delay. Method: There were hundred and ten women randomly selected from whom had children with developmental delay among two to six years old and were willing to participate in this study in an early intervention center. The data were collected by current and one self-investigated self-administered questionnaires. Major variables were mother personal factors, children factors, family factors, and self-awareness stresses scores reported by the mother. This study result was based on the statistics from SPSS. Results: This study showed that the highest level of stress for the mothers with development delay children was the burden of taking care of a child (Mean=3.2) and couple difficulties (Mean=3.2). Numbers of children under fifteen yeas old, mental and physical health measured by BSRS-5 scores were significantly correlated with self-awareness stresses scores reported by the mother. Conclusions: This study suggested two points of view as follows. 1. There should be more attention paid to mothers who had several children under fifteen yeas old, or who had poor physical and mental health conditions as priority subjects. 2. The skills on taking care of children and dealing the couple relationship should be advised from professional. The emotional support to these subjects on lessening their stress should be provided as well.