硬碟零組件廠商面臨的產業挑戰與重整策略‒M公司個案研究

Abstract

對於許多台灣的電子零組件公司來說，過去幾年公司的成長可以說是與個人電腦(Person Computer)以及筆記型電腦(Notebook)的發展同步。在這段期間，許多公司也藉由打入各品牌客戶的供應鏈累積出相當的核心競爭力。然而隨著PC與筆記型電腦產業的成長趨緩以及獲利受到侵蝕，加上替代性產品的紛紛出籠，台灣許多電子零組件廠商皆面臨了相當大的成長甚至繼續經營的壓力。 本研究的目的在於研究台灣電子零組件廠商所可能採用的轉型策略，由於電子零組件種類繁多，本研究乃以硬碟作為產業作為研究目標。首先針對產業競爭以及個別公司分析核心競爭力的工具做介紹，同時並介紹國內學者以及國外領導企業對於企業要進行轉型的建議。接下來再以國內最大的硬碟零組件廠商M公司作為研究對象，利用五力分析模型來分析該公司所處產業所面臨的挑戰與機會，同時藉由價值鏈來檢視該公司的核心競爭能力，並且討論該公司已經逐步進行中的轉型策略與步驟。藉由以上的分析與探討，可以進一步了解台灣電子零組件業在進行轉型時所遭遇的挑戰與狀況，也同時提出本研究對於轉型的建議與結論。

台灣電子零組件廠商在過去20年間由於搭上個人電腦的成長熱潮，無論顯示器、IC設計與製造或是儲存裝置等，皆有相當的成長與獲利表現，但是這樣的產業榮景已經不再，因此本研究希望可以透過研究某一個案在其產業中所遭遇的狀況以及正在採行的轉型策略，作為提供給各台灣零組件廠商進行轉型的參考，畢竟台灣電子製造產業仍是台灣目前經濟的重心與主軸，而這些廠商都具備相當的競爭優勢與核心能力，因此，若能採取適當的轉型成長策略與步驟，相信這些台灣電子零組件廠商必能再創另一個成長的高峰。

For most of Taiwanese electronic components producers, their growth is in line her with it of the Person Computer or Notebook in past two decades. During the period, most of these Taiwanese companies have developed their core competence and also become the important partner of those PC or Notebook brands. However, as the growth of PC/Notebook became flat and the new applications such as Tablet have gradually substituted the traditional PC/Notebooks, there are certain challenges for those Taiwanese electronics components players to keep growing or even survive. The purpose of this research is to study the response strategies for companies in Electronic sector and how could they make transformation growth. As there are too many components in PC or Notebook, the research picks Hard Disk Drive industry as the target sector to study. The beginning of the research is to introducing some tools for companies making industry research/study as well as to analyze the core competence such as Five Force Analyze Model and Value Chain Model. Then also debriefs the suggestions from those scholars and CEOs of U.S. reputable enterprises like General Electric to the companies when processing the transformation. To provide more substantial research result, the research takes M Company as the target to further study the steps and strategies it takes when facing the slowdown of Hard Disk Drive sector and how it plans to move to next stage. Both Five Force Model and Value Chain Model have been used when analyzes the industry of M Company as well as to understand the competitive advantage of this company. Lastly, after reviewing the target company and strategy/steps it took, the research also provides some insights and conclusions to those companies who are facing the challenge to making change. To Sum up, for those Taiwanese electronics companies, regardless which component they provide, all these companies have enjoyed a quick growth and outstanding performance in past decades because of the popularity of the Personal Computer or Laptop. Nevertheless, the boom will no more exist therefore all these Taiwanese companies have to look for solutions. The research hopes to provide some insights and answers to these companies by providing an example that is now in the midway doing its transformation. Certainly, the way to reach the goal might be different for each company when facing difficulty. However, to make transformation growth would surely be the priority of these companies and it is believed that the companies come to another peak if these companies take right steps and strategies.