新技術對中小企業帶來之商機與挑戰-以車內影音設備產業為例

Abstract

本論文主要探討公司，尤其是中小企業，在遭逢產業的重要技術變革時所面臨的機會和挑戰。我們首先歸納出阻礙大型公司和中小企業開啟創新的幾個主要因素，進一步探討下列二個核心問題: 當面臨產業的重要技術變革時， ●可能讓公司成功的策略選擇有那些? ●中小企業該如何因應產業的重要技術變革? 產業技術不斷地推陳出新，不斷地創造新市場和侵蝕舊市場，也不斷地推動全球經濟成長。吾人發現新舊產業技術之間常存有巨大的「技術斷層 (technological discontinuities)」，而且當一新的產業技術開始衝擊使用舊技術的既有市場時，原來處於領先地位的大型公司(防禦者)很可能會因應不當而失去市場領導地位，反由積極採用新技術的公司(攻擊者，不一定是大公司) 所取代。因此，如何成功因應新技術所帶來的衝擊，學習及管理新技術變革，也就成為提升公司競爭力，讓公司繼續生存或發展的關鍵環節。本論文試圖運用管理的模型和觀念來建立公司面臨新技術變革時的問題架構，並企圖推導出適合公司在制定及執行因應策略時須考慮的重要因素。

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities when a company faces technology change, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper first identifies major factors that constrain the innovation strategies in leading companies as well as in SMEs, and secondly focuses on the following questions: Once facing a technology change, ●What are the main strategic choices that could enable companies to succeed? ●How should SMEs respond to a technology change? Technology constantly creates changes. New technology is needed today for surviving in the market. Thus, innovation and technology transfer are the key drivers for economic growth in today’s world economy. When a new technology replaces an old one, technological discontinuities occur and a leading company (defender) loses its market leadership and an attacker, not necessarily a large firm, often wins a new market. Being responsive to change, learning and management of technology play an important role in the firm’s competitive success. This paper integrates models and concepts from literatures to develop a framework to address those issues and seeks to offer guidance what factors need to be considered when planning and implementing strategies.