水平轉軸式風力發電機葉片最佳化設計與最佳化葉片之疊層設計分析

Abstract

本文主要目標為設計葉片強度可承受風速60m/s而不致失效。在葉片外型設計上以葉素動量理論所發展的氣動力理論，對翼型型號NACA4412做葉片功率係數最佳化設計。葉片的負載分別來自於二維流場分析與三維流場分析的結果，二維流場的紊流模型為Standard k-ε，二維流場的紊流模型為SST k-ω。葉片材料採用E-glass/expoxy、Aramid/expoxy、Graphite/expoxy這三種複合材料以不同纖維方向疊層組合，並以最大應力準則和Tsai-Wu破壞準則為葉片失效準則。 結果顯示，三維流場對於葉片氣動力分析結果較二維流場保守，Tsai-Wu破壞準則比最大應力破壞準則更加保守較適用於層板的破壞分析。葉片疊層設計上增加單層厚度可有效地增加材料的強度，但在同總厚度下，擺放較多層纖維不一定具有較高的材料強度。

The main purpose of this thesis is to design the strength of wind turbine blades which can sustain the wind speed 60m / s without fail. Optimize the power coefficient in aerodynamic based on the blade element momentum theory by using blade model NACA4412.The loads of blade come from the results of two-dimensional flow field analysis and three-dimensional flow field analysis. The turbulence model of two-dimensional flow field is Standard k-ε and the turbulence model of three-dimensional flow field is SST k-ω.The blades ,which are made from E-glass/expoxy、Aramid/expoxy and Graphite/expoxy three composites laminate in different combinations of fiber direction, follow the maximum stress criterion and Tsai-Wu failure criterion. The result show, it is more conservative using three-dimensional flow field to analyze than using the two-dimensional flow field. Tsai-Wu failure criterion is more suitable for laminate failure analysis than the maximum stress failure criterion. Increasing the single layer thickness can increase the strength of the composite materials effectively in the laminate design of the blade. However, it is not necessarily that more fiber material related to higher material strength in the same total thickness.