新南向政策下營建產業經營模式之探討

Abstract

本文旨在探討「新南向政策」下營建產業的經營模式。我國與東南亞國家雖無正式外交關係，但長久以來往來互動密切，由於中國經濟快速崛起，且積極向臺商釋出善意，因此，臺商轉往中國投資風潮日增，我國在東南亞投資不復以往盛況。為避免對中國單一市場過度依賴之風險，「新南向政策」必須重新調整思維和作為。 本文「新南向政策」目標國家選定：馬來西亞、泰國、印尼、菲律賓、越南計五個國家，其共通點為：資源豐富、政局穩定、高度經濟成長、基礎設施不足。由於日本等國長久在東南亞地區投資佈局，我國要成功重返東南亞市場並不容易，需要考量的因素及配套措施相當多，包括：語言、宗教、風俗文化、生活習慣、稅務、法律等缺一不可；特別是營建產業具有地域性強烈之特點，不易拓展海外市場。 本研究經由近年來我國在東南亞的營建產業投資，以及詳細的工程個案分析，得到結論重點如下：備妥投資專責機構；因應不同國家需求和工程規模，建議國內廠商的投資項目；初期以協力廠商或聯合承攬角色進入市場，再由小轉大；強化金流、資訊流、人流之整合機構。 在國內工程建設日趨飽和的狀況下，我國政府和民間共同合作，發展出有效且可行的經營模式，以吸引更多國內廠商投入海外市場，發揮磁吸效應，振興營建產業。

The purpose of this article is to study the business model for construction industry under New Southbound Policy. Although Taiwan has no formal diplomatic relations with Southeast Asian countries, it has maintained close interaction for the long-term. Due to the rapidly rising of China’s economy and released of goodwill to Taiwan’s businessmen, the investment trend of Taiwan’s businessmen turning to China is increasing, and the investment in Southeast Asia is no longer as usual. To avoid the risk of over-reliance on the China market, the New Southbound Policy must be readjusted the strategy and execution. The study under New Southbound Policy in this article are selected as the five countries: Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam. Their common points are: abundant resources, stable political situation, high economic growth, and insufficient infrastructure. Due to the long-term investment layout of Japan and China in Southeast Asian countries, it is not easy for Taiwan to successfully return to the Southeast Asian market. There are many factors and measures that need to be considered, including: language, religion, custom, culture, living habit, taxation, and law etc. In particular, the construction industry has the characteristics of strong regionality, and it will not easy to expand overseas markets. This study, based on the investment of Taiwan’s construction industry in Southeast Asian countries during these years and the detailed engineering case analysis, has summarized the following conclusions: set up the investment agency; recommend domestic manufacturers’ investment in response to the needs and project scale by different countries; enter the market as a subcontractor, then change scale from small to large gradually; strengthen the integration of financial flow, information flow and people flow. Under the situation of increasingly saturated constructions in Taiwan, the government and the private company should cooperate together, and develop an effective and feasible business model to attract more domestic manufacturers to invest in overseas markets, exert the magnetic attraction effect, and revitalize Taiwan’s construction industry.