台灣太陽光電廠商研發活動之研究

Abstract

隨著全球高度重視氣候變遷與節能減碳之趨勢，近年政府與民間機構相繼投入資源於太陽光電產業，基於產業長期發展之維持，其技術進步勢必不可缺，因此廠商的研發活動將更形重要。以往國內文獻較少有對於太陽光電廠商之研發投入探討，故本文自廠商之研發投入為主要探討，並連結其與研發產出之關係，以期能較完整了解太陽光電廠商之研發情形。 本文以2008∼2010年間皆有從事生產太陽光電產品之公開發行以上公司作為實證研究對象，首先以Pooling OLS、固定效果、隨機效果模型探討影響廠商研發投入（研發支出）之因素，再以波式模型、負二項模型探討研發投入及其他因素對於廠商研發產出（專利數）之影響，研究結果為：一、影響台灣太陽光電廠商研發投入之主要因素包含有廠商規模、廠齡、研發合作與政府補助，而市場結構相關因素則尚未發現顯著關係。二、台灣太陽光電廠商之研發投入確實有反應在研發產出（專利數）上，而不同次產業則以上游廠商、中游第二代太陽能電池、模組廠商呈現正向顯著。 由研究結果發現廠商規模在太陽光電產業研發活動中有其重要性，而政府在研發政策方向上，除了透過補助方式，亦可朝加強產學研發合作之方向調整。

Recent year, government and private department both put strength on photovoltaic industry. Technical advancement is a key factor to promote the industrial developing. Therefore , R&D activities in photovoltaic firms should be emphasized. Hence this paper intends to explore the cause of decision on photovoltaic firm’s R&D spending. Then, by the linkage between R&D spending and its outcome, patent, to integrate a concept of R&D activities in photovoltaic firms. Taking public offering companies in photovoltaic for subject, we use pooling OLS, random effect, fixed effect models to find what drives the R&D spending, and Poisson, negative binomial models to find what drives patent applications. The empirical result shows: 1. R&D expenditure was affected by firm size, firm age, R&D subsidy and R&D cooperation. 2. Patent applications were affected by R&D expenditure, photovoltaic categories. In this paper, we found that in photovoltaic industry, the impact of firm size on R&D activities can’t be ignored. And if government wants to promote the R&D activities in photovoltaic firms, besides subsidies, Industry-University cooperative can be reinforced.