共同發明人之社會網絡分析及衝擊性探討

Abstract

由於「共同合作發明」比「專利之引用」有更強的連結性，因而他們的網絡關係也更加緊密。本研究嘗試找出鋰電池專利在共同發明的合作模式下的網絡結構並分析探討專利在中、微觀層面中的網絡位置關係、特性及所形成之影響，也討論了中心度分析法在研究中之限制。首先在宏觀層面，本研究先行分析各能源領域專利數量及合作率的情形，接著在中、微觀層面，本研究計算每個發明人的中心度數值，並與其引用度之指標來做排行比較，發現事實上兩者間具有高度相關性。採用書目計量學的中心度分析法，分析在USPTO的資料庫30年間（1977-2006）鋰電池專利的發展軌跡，對專利發明人的共同發明網絡進行量度。中心度的度量法從不同檢視角度分別計算合作網絡結構的距離與核心專利。本研究資料對象同時從能源專利與鋰電池專利，進行比較檢視印證。研究結果顯示，採用社會網絡分析法，從網絡結構的角度來探討專利發明人的合作協力關係，比採傳統簡單引用度指標的方式，更能從時間跨度中，忠實發現特殊發明人或特殊專利技術對整體業界造成的衝擊。

Due to co-invention relationship has more collaboration to other inventors rather than just patent citations in network. This paper aims to identify the collaboration pattern and network structure of the co-inventor network of the lithium patents. Also to analyze the lithium batteries co-inventor network mainly from meso and micro perspectives view and identify some key features of this network and discuss the limitations of network centrality method. First, in macro level, this study analyze the patent co-inventor collaboration rate and outputs among the major energy fields. And in the meso/micro level, to calculate each co-inventor’s centrality values and compare them with citation counts and find that centrality rankings are highly correlated with citation rankings. A bibliometric Social Network Analysis method is conducted to study measuring micro and meso level of networks with the aim to apply on patent co-inventors of lithium patents with a time span of 30 years (1977-2006) by using data source of USPTO. The centrality method measures distances and core patent technologies from different point of view by each collobration based inventors network. Patents from perspective lithium batteriey and energy fields are selected as the dataset to examine and compare the result under each indicator. As a conclusion, the social network analysis provides a new approach from network structures and exams the impact to the industry by prespective patent technologies also finding the prestige of a inventor than cited ranking indicators in a time period.