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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 柯淳涵 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chia-Shin Liou | en |
dc.contributor.author | 劉佳興 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-07T17:58:05Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2012-08-16 | |
dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2012-08-10 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Achten WMJ, Verchot L, Franken YJ, Mathijs E, Singh VP, Aerts R, et al. Jatropha bio-diesel production and use. Biomass Bioenerg 2008;32:1063-84.
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Microwave-assisted fatty acid methyl ester production from soybean oil by Novozym 435. Green Chem 2010a;12(5):844. Ziejewski M, Kaufman KR, Schwab A, Pryde E. Diesel engine evaluation of a nonionic sunflower oil-aqueous ethanol microemulsion. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1984;61(10):1620-6. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/16014 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 近年來由於石油短缺、高油價以及環境的議題,生質柴油已經更加的引人注目。在眾多生產生質柴油的原料當中,痲瘋樹種子油生產生物柴油的潛力是眾所皆知的,酯交換是一種能將三甘酸油脂轉換成生質柴油的技術。然而,甲醇毒化現象和質傳阻力阻礙了酯交換反應進一步的適用性。本篇研究調查痲瘋樹油以不同催化方式和技術對於酯交換效率的影響,同時,動力學參數以及各個脂肪酸組成在酯交換過程中的變化也加以估計。反應在裝有痲瘋樹油的旋轉燒瓶中進行,加熱燒瓶到反應溫度和設定攪拌速率為300轉,當醇和催化劑添加至燒瓶時,反應即開始。結果顯示在40oC酵素酯交換的過程中,將甲醇從批次式添加改變成連續式的添加可使脂肪酸甲酯的轉化率從37.73 上升至63.91以及將活化能從54.9 kJ/mole 減少至 23.0 kJ/mole,但對於乙醇並沒有顯著的影響。此外,透過40 W超聲波的輔助,脂肪酸甲酯的轉化率可以從37.73提高到56.23%,而透過 50 W微波的輔助整個反應時間可以縮短大約3個小時。最後但也是很重要的,痲瘋樹油中以棕櫚酸甲酯的轉化率最快,而亞油酸的雙鍵對於酯交換的效率造成了負面的影響。此外,透過微波轉酯化可以提高長鏈不飽和脂肪酸的轉酯率。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Biodiesel has been getting attractive recently due to the scarcity of petroleum, environmental issues and high oil prices. Among several feedstocks for biodiesel production, the potential of Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) for biodiesel production is well recognized. Transesterification is a techonology to transfer triglycerides into biodiesel. However, intoxication by methanol and mass transfer resistance hamper further applicability of transesterification. This study investigated the impact of different catalytic approaches and technologies on transesterification efficiency for jatropha oil; meanwhile, kinetic constants and variation of each constituent of fatty acid were also estimated during transesterification. Reactions were carried out in spin flasks filled with jatropha oils, and heated to the reaction temperature with stirring rate at 300 rpm. The reactions started when the alcohols and catalysts were added to the flasks. The result showed the conversions of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) were from 37.73 to 63.91% and reduction of the activation energy from 54.9 kJ/mole to 23.0 kJ/mole changing from stepwise methanol addition to continuous addition at 40oC during lipase transesterification, but no significant effect for ethanol. In addition, the conversion of FAME was improved from 37.73 to 56.23% through 40 W ultrasound assisted, and the whole reaction time was shortened about 3 hours by 50 W microwave assisted. The last but not the least, faster palmitic acid methyl ester conversion of jatropha oil was found while the negative impact of double bonds of linoleic acid on transesterification efficiency. In addition, Microwave assisted process could improve the conversion of the constitute with longer fatty acid chain and unsaturated fatty acid. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-07T17:58:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R99625041-1.pdf: 2237113 bytes, checksum: 92fb1691b2984af2390f338ba99d1a73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 #
誌謝 i 摘要 ii ABSTRACT iii CONTENTS iv LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF TABLES ix Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Literature reviews 4 2.1 Biodiesel 4 2.2 Biodiesel production 6 2.2.1 Direct use and blending 6 2.2.2 Microemulsions 7 2.2.3 Pyrolysis 8 2.2.4 Transesterification 9 2.3 Methods of transesterification 10 2.3.1 Non-catalysis process 10 2.3.2 Catalysis process 11 A.2.2.1 Alkali-catalyzed transesterification 12 A.2.2.2 Acid-catalyzed transesterification 16 A.2.2.3 Lipase-catalyzed transesterification 19 2.4 Jatropha curcas as a feedstock for biodiesel 21 2.5 Barrier to enzymatic transesterification 22 2.6 Other technologies for biodiesel production 24 2.6.1 Ultrasonic technology in transesterification reaction 24 2.6.2 Microwave technology in transesterification reaction 25 Chapter 3 Materials and methods 27 3.1 Materials 27 3.2 Methods 27 3.2.1 Extract of jatropha oil 27 3.2.2 Acid-base two step transesterificaion 28 3.2.3 Enzymatic transesterificaion 29 3.2.4 Microwave-assisted acid-base transesterification 29 3.2.5 Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic transesterification 30 3.3 Analysis 30 3.3.1 The fatty acid composition of oil 30 3.3.2 Fatty acid methyl ester and fatty acid ethyl ester 31 3.3.3 Imtermediates 31 3.3.4 Kinetics 32 Chapter 4 Results and discussion 34 4.1 Oil contents and fatty acid composition of jatropha oil 34 4.2 Enzymatic transesterificaion 35 4.2.1 Change of intermediates 35 4.2.2 Effect of alcohols 38 4.2.3 Effect of alcohols addition strategy 39 4.2.4 Effect of ultrasonic irradiation 40 4.2.5 Effect of the fatty acid constituents on biodiesel conversion 42 4.2.6 Kinetics 44 4.2.7 The constituent conversion ratio of jatropha oil 46 4.3 Acid-base two step transesterificaion 47 4.3.1 Acid transesterification-conventional heating process 47 4.3.2 Base transesterification-conventional heating process 48 4.3.3 Acid transesterification-microwave assisted process 49 4.3.4 Base transesterification-microwave assisted process 51 4.3.5 Effect of microwave irradiation power 52 4.3.6 Effect of the fatty acid constituents on biodiesel conversion 53 4.3.7 The constituent conversion ratio of jatropha oil and palm oil 55 4.3.8 Kinetics 56 Chapter 5 Conclusions 58 References .59 Appendix 67 A.1 HPLC spectra of lipase process of jatropha oil 67 A.1.1 FAME conversion at 1th h by both additions 67 A.1.2 FAME conversion at 24th h by both additions 68 A.1.3 FAEE conversion at 1th h by both additions 69 A.1.4 FAEE conversion at 24th h by both additions 70 A.2 GC/MS spectra 71 A.2.1 Lipase transesterification of jatropha oil at 40oC 71 A.2.1.1 FAME conversion by continuous addition 71 A.2.1.2 FAEE conversion by stepwise addition 72 A.2.1.3 FAME conversion by continuous addition 73 A.2.1.4 FAEE conversion by stepwise addition 74 A.2.1.5 FAME conversion by stepwise addition with ultrasonic 75 A.2.1.6 FAEE conversion by stepwise addition with ultrasonic 76 A.2.2 Acid-base chemical transesterification at 90oC 77 A.2.2.1 CV acid transesterification of JCO for FAME 77 A.2.2.2 CV acid transesterification of JCO for FAEE 78 A.2.2.3 CV base transesterification of JCO for FAME 79 A.2.2.4 CV base transesterification of JCO for FAEE 80 A.2.2.5 MC acid transesterification of JCO for FAME 81 A.2.2.6 MC acid transesterification of JCO for FAEE 82 A.2.2.7 MC base transesterification of JCO for FAME 83 A.2.2.8 MC base transesterification of JCO for FAEE 84 A.2.2.9 CV acid transesterification of PO oil for FAME 85 A.2.2.10 CV acid transesterification of PO oil for FAEE 86 A.2.2.11 CV base transesterification of PO oil for FAME 87 A.2.2.12 CV base transesterification of PO oil for FAEE 88 A.2.2.13 MC acid transesterification of PO oil for FAME 89 A.2.2.14 MC acid transesterification of PO oil for FAEE 90 A.2.2.15 MC base transesterification of PO oil for FAME 91 A.2.2.16 MC base transesterification of PO oil for FAEE 92 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 以不同催化方式從痲瘋樹油脂製備生質柴油的研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Biodiesel production from jatropha oil by different catalytic approaches | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 施增廉,吳劍侯,陳奕宏,陳嘉明 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 生質柴油,脂肪酶,痲瘋樹油,酯交換,質傳阻力, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Biodiesel,Lipase,Jatropha oil,Transesterification,Mass transfer resistance, | en |
dc.relation.page | 92 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2012-08-13 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 森林環境暨資源學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 森林環境暨資源學系 |
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