北宋二十四孝行故事之圖像模式及文本成形研究

Abstract

本論文主要以北宋二十四孝行故事為研究主題，從三方面去討論。首先研究北宋二十四孝行故事的成立原因，筆者認為唐代類書對孝子故事的收錄、唐代割股療親風俗和對女孝的重視、北宋河南地區對孝道思想的推廣等原因，影響北宋二十四孝行故事的成形。接著，討論北宋二十四孝行故事在圖像上的表現，研究發現每個孝行圖像大致上有一種以上的模式，每個圖像模式不一定為單一形式的墓葬所表現，有些圖像模式在石棺、壁畫墓和磚雕墓上皆可見，這表示石棺、壁畫墓和磚雕墓製作工廠的圖像稿本，可能有互為流通的情形。再者，討論北宋二十四孝行故事文本的成形年代，雖然北宋至今仍未發現二十四孝行故事文本，目前具體存在的文本僅有元代《孝行錄》，但從金代山西長治市魏村彩繪磚雕墓題記的文字分析，可以推定至少在金代已有文本，而北宋二十四孝行故事圖像的出土，表示北宋也有可能已經有文本，只是現今不存或仍未發現。

This thesis focuses on the Northern Sung (960-1127) Twenty-four stories of filial conduct. From three ways, this thesis will study why Twenty-four stories of filial conduct set up, what the image modes are, when the text formed. The reasons that Twenty-four stories of filial conduct set up are the filial texts and the customs of the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Every image mode of Twenty-four stories of filial conduct is not only one, which contains one to four modes, and every mode doesn’t limit one kind of tomb. This means that the working shops of tombs might exchange scripts of the filial images. So far the exist of text of Twenty-four filial conducts is Hsiao Hsing Lu of the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), but the inscriptions of Shanxi tomb disclose that there is text at least in the Jin Dynasty(1115-1234). Moreover, the Northern Sung might exist the text of Twenty-four filial conducts because there are three tombs containing images of Twenty-four filial conducts.