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| ???org.dspace.app.webui.jsptag.ItemTag.dcfield??? | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 余佳慧 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yi-An Shih | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 施怡安 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-07T17:54:04Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-09-19 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2012-08-17 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/15867 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 對beta-內酰胺有抗藥性的超級細菌，例如擁有新德里金屬beta-內酰胺酶(NDM)-1的超級細菌，對公眾健康有極大的威脅。腸道內的共生菌叢促進腸道屏障功能的穩固，並且與外來病菌競爭。而目前已知道抗生素會擾亂腸道共生菌叢。 目的：了解由抗生素造成的腸道菌叢擾亂，是否會促進超級細菌在腸道內生長和轉移。 方法： BALB/c小鼠給予正常飲水或是抗生素飲水七天，抗生素水去除之後，每隻小鼠灌食109CFU抗氨芐青黴素的大腸桿菌進行感染，在感染後的第0, 1, 3, 7, 和14天進行犧牲。利用蘇木紫-伊紅染色分析腸道的結構，並計數在腸道、脾臟、肝臟的細菌數量。被腸道上皮細胞內吞的細菌數量，則由慶大黴素耐藥檢測分離出來。利用螢光原位雜交，了解細菌入侵到黏膜層的情形。結果： 在第0天，抗生素組的腸道菌叢數量比正常飲水組的低。抗氨芐青黴素的細菌在正常飲水組的腸道中，每個時間點都沒有生長的現象。相反地，抗生素組的小鼠腸道中，在感染後第1, 3天都有抗氨芐青黴素的細菌出現在空腸、盲腸和結腸。抗氨芐青黴素的大腸桿菌在第7和14天被從腸道清除。此外，抗生素組小鼠在感染後第1天，出現盲腸腫脹並且有組織充血及白血球浸潤造成的水腫現象。另外，感染後第三天有細菌入侵空腸腺窩，空腸和結腸也有細菌被腸道上皮細胞內吞的情形。感染後第1和3天，有細菌在脾臟和肝臟轉移的現象。 結論： 正常的腸道菌叢具有屏障功能，可保護腸道不受抗藥性細菌感染。腸道菌叢受到干擾則會促進抗藥性細菌之定殖，並造成腸道共生菌和超級細菌都會體內的散布。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Superbugs that are resistant to beta-lactams antibiotics, such as those with New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-1, pose major threats to public health. Enteric commensal microflora is involved in mucosal barrier fortification and pathogen competition. Antibiotics are known to disrupt intestinal flora. Aim: The aim is to evaluate whether antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis may promote enteric colonization and translocation of superbug. Methods: BALB/c mice were drinking normal water (NW) or antibiotic water (AW) for 7 days. Ampicillin-resistant (Amp-r) E. coli BL21 (109 CFU) was administered by oral gavage after antibiotic withdrawal. Animals were sacrificed at 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after inoculation. The structure of intestine was determined by H&E staining. Bacterial colony forming units in intestine, liver and spleen were assessed. The amount of intracellular bacteria in purified enterocytes was determined using a gentamicin resistance assay. Bacterial invasion to mucosa was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Results: The enteric bacterial counts were reduced in AW mice compared to NW groups on day 0. After inoculation of Amp-r E.coli, no sign of bacterial colonization and translocation was seen in NW mice throughout all time points. In contrast, AW mice showed Amp-r E. coli in the jejunum, cecum and colon after inoculation for 1 and 3 days. Clearance of Amp-r E. coli was associated with recovery of commensal bacterial numbers after 7 and 14 days. Moreover, cecal flatulence and tissue edema associated with hyperemia and leukocyte infiltraton were observed in AW mice on day 1 post-infection. Furthermore, bacterial invasion to jejunal crypts, bacterial endocytosis in jejunal and colonic enterocytes, and bacterial translocation to liver and spleen were observed on day 1 and 3 post-infection in AW mice. Conclusions: The normal commensals served as a barrier to protect the intestine from antibiotic-resistant bacterial colonization. Enteric dysbiosis predisposes antibiotic-resistant bacteria to colonize, leading to systemic dissemination of both commensals and superbug. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-07T17:54:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R99441003-1.pdf: 2908367 bytes, checksum: 9c878e04230c7ca16c48c3d7c51b3022 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝................................................................................................................................I
中文摘要.......................................................................................................................II 英文摘要......................................................................................................................Ⅲ 中英文縮寫名詞對照................................................................................................. .V 一、前言.......................................................................................1 1.腸道組織結構.............................................................................................................1 1.1小腸絨毛結構..................................................................................................1 2.腸道生理功能.............................................................................................................2 2.1物理性屏障......................................................................................................2 2.2化學性屏障......................................................................................................3 2.3免疫性屏障......................................................................................................3 3.腸腔內常生細菌.........................................................................................................4 4.抗生素造成常生菌相失衡.........................................................................................5 5.超級細菌的演進史.....................................................................................................6 6. 實驗目的...................................................................................................................8 二、材料與方法..........................................................................9 1. 實驗動物................................................................................................................9 2. 實驗用細菌............................................................................................................9 2.1含與不含氨芐青黴素的Luria-Bertani培養基瓊脂平板 (LB agar plate) 和培養液 (LB broth) 製備.............................................................................................9 2.1.1 氨芐青黴素儲存液 (Ampicillin stock) 的製備..............................9 2.1.2 LB培養液(LB broth)的製備..............................................................9 2.1.3 LB培養基瓊脂平板(LB agar plate)的製備.......................................10 2.2大腸桿菌生長曲線(growth curve)製作方式.................................................10 2.3餵食小鼠之細菌製備方法............................................................................11 3. 實驗動物分組......................................................................................................11 3.1正常水組 (Normal Water, NW) 飲用水配法..............................................11 3.2抗生素水組(Antibiotic Water, AW)飲用水配法...........................................11 4. 實驗動物感染流程..............................................................................................12 5. 腸道細菌數目變化分析......................................................................................12 5.1腸段總細菌量 (total bacteria) 量分析.........................................................12 5.2細菌轉移數量的分析 (bacteria translocation).............................................12 5.3腸道上皮細胞內吞細菌（endocytosed bacteria in enterocytes）分析........13 6. 組織固定、切片及染色......................................................................................14 6.1石蠟包埋檢體的製備作組織染色（固定液為4%三聚甲醛）.................14 6.2石蠟包埋檢體的製備作螢光原位雜交實驗（固定液為Carnoy's Solution） 6.3 冷凍切片包埋檢體的製備作緊密連結螢光染色.......................................15 6.4 蘇木紫-伊紅染色（Haematoxylin and Eosin Staining）............................15 6.5 螢光原位雜交（Fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH）......................16 6.6緊密連結免疫螢光染色 （Tissue immunofluorescence for ZO-1） .........16 7. 西方轉漬法 (Western blotting)........................................................................17 7.1 黏膜層蛋白質萃取.......................................................................................17 7.2 蛋白質定量...................................................................................................18 7.3蛋白質電泳....................................................................................................18 7.4蛋白質分析....................................................................................................18 8.腸道屏障功能分析................................................................................................20 8.1腸道組織離子通透性（ion permeability）分析..........................................20 8.2腸道組織大分子通透性（macromolecular permeability）分析.................21 三、實驗結果............................................................................22 1. Amp-r E.coli之生長曲線...................................................................................22 2. 抗生素處理與Amp-r E.coli感染對BALB/c小鼠腸道生理的影響................22 2.1小鼠腹腔外觀與消化道外觀變化................................................................22 2.2 腸道組織外觀結構的變化...........................................................................23 3. 腸段總細菌量（total bacteria number）的變化.............................................23 4. 腸道細菌在組織中分布情形..............................................................................24 5. 腸道上皮細胞內吞細菌量（endocytosed bacteria in enterocytes）..............24 6. 細菌轉移至肝臟及脾臟以及血液 (bacteria translocation) 的情形..............25 7. 腸道組織緊密連結ZO-1 和occludin 結構變化.............................................26 8. 小鼠空腸、盲腸及結腸的通透性變化..............................................................26 9. 抗生素水組MAPKs (p38、Erk1/2、JNK) 和I-kappa-B-alpha磷酸化程度的變化......27 四、討論....................................................................................28 五、圖表....................................................................................33 六、參考文獻...........................................................................57 表目錄 表1、腸道共生菌叢的功能.........................................................................................33 表2、正常水組與抗生素水組小鼠在day 0腸道常氧總細菌量的比較...................34 表3、正常水組與抗生素水組小鼠在day 0腸道厭氧總細菌量的比較...................35 圖目錄 圖1、腸道組織結構...................................................................................................36 圖2、腸道腺窩-絨毛軸..............................................................................................37 圖3、Ampicillin resistant E.coli (Amp-r E.coli) 之質體基因圖...........................38 圖4、Amp-r E.coli生長曲線中活菌數量與分光光度計讀數之關係....................39 圖5、正常水組 (Normal water, NW) 和抗生素水組 (antibiotic water, AW)小鼠在灌食Amp-r E.coli之後，腹腔內以及腸道的外觀變化......................................40 圖6-1、空腸組織外觀結構的變化..............................................................................41 圖6-2、盲腸組織外觀結構的變化..............................................................................42 圖6-3、結腸組織外觀結構的變化..............................................................................43 圖7、腸段需氧菌總量（total aerobic bacteria）的變化.......................................44 圖8、腸段厭氧菌總量（total anaerobic bacteria）的變化....................................45 圖9-1、螢光原位雜交分析細菌和E.coli在空腸組織內分佈的情形......................46 圖9-2、螢光原位雜交分析細菌和E.coli在盲腸組織內分佈的情形.....................47 圖9-3、螢光原位雜交分析細菌和E.coli在結腸組織內分佈的情形......................48 圖10、腸道上皮細胞內吞細菌（endocytosed bacteria in enterocytes）變化.........49 圖11、細菌轉移數量的變化 .....................................................................................50 圖12-1、空腸組織緊密連結ZO-1結構變化..............................................................51 圖12-2、盲腸組織緊密連結ZO-1結構變化..............................................................52 圖12-3、結腸組織緊密連結ZO-1結構變化..............................................................53 圖13、抗生素水組腸道黏膜組織中occludin之表現................................................54 圖14、小鼠腸道電生理值和通透性的變化...............................................................55 圖15、抗生素水組小鼠空腸與結腸在MAPKs (p38、ERK、JNK) 和Ikappka B alpha磷酸化程度的變化..............................................................................................................56 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 上皮屏障功能 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 抗生素 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 超級細菌 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 腸道菌叢擾亂 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 定殖 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 入侵 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | antibiotic | en |
| dc.subject | epithelial barrier function | en |
| dc.subject | invasion | en |
| dc.subject | colonization | en |
| dc.subject | dysbiosis | en |
| dc.subject | superbug | en |
| dc.title | 抗生素引起之共生菌相失衡促使超級細菌在小鼠腸道定殖和入侵 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Antibiotic-induced enteric commensal dysbiosis favours superbug colonization and bacterial invasion in mice | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 張上淳,倪衍玄,盧俊良,賈景山 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 抗生素,超級細菌,腸道菌叢擾亂,定殖,入侵,上皮屏障功能, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | antibiotic,superbug,dysbiosis,colonization,invasion,epithelial barrier function, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 61 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2012-08-17 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 醫學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生理學研究所 | zh_TW |
| Appears in Collections: | 生理學科所 | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-101-1.pdf Restricted Access | 2.84 MB | Adobe PDF |
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