員工福利的重視程度與成本習性之關係

Abstract

本研究探討員工福利重視程度與成本習性之關係。國際間普遍對企業社會責任有相同之共識，認為企業除重視股東權益外，尚須重視利害關係人之權益，其中員工便屬於關係人之一環，且員工對於企業成本之習性具有重要影響，本研究選擇員工福利費用作為衡量企業是否對員工權益有所重視之變數。本研究將成本習性分為兩類做探討，一為成本彈性，二為成本僵固性。 本研究以2014到2018年之台灣上市櫃公司做為研究對象，實證結果支持本研究對於員工福利重視程度與成本習性之預期，員工福利費用分別與成本彈性與成本僵固性呈正向關係。本研究在額外測試中，以不同方式衡量平均員工福利費用，及以員工平均服務年資及員工流動率做為代理變數，均驗證與成本彈性及成本僵固性之正向關係。

This study examines the relation between degree of valuing employee benefits and cost behavior. There is an international consensus on corporate social responsibility (CSR) that firms not only value the interests of stockholders but also those of stakeholders. The rights of employees are among the interests of stakeholders. Besides, employee-related expenses have a great influence on cost behavior, because one of the key elements for business success is the employee. This study selects employee benefits expense as the variable to assess whether firms value the interests of the employee or not. This study also discusses cost behavior which is divided into two categories─cost elasticity and cost stickiness. The study takes a sample of the data of Taiwan listed firms from 2014 to 2018. The empirical evidences support the hypothesis that degree of valuing employee benefits is positively related to cost elasticity and cost stickiness. A few robustness tests are conducted as well. First, evaluating the average employee benefits expense in different ways to test whether the consequences support the main tests or not. Second, utilizing the average employee tenure and employee turnover rate as proxy variables to do the additional tests. They all prove the same results.