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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 吳?承(Hsuan-Chen Wu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chi-Lun Huang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃麒倫 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-07T17:29:01Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2020-02-19 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2020-02-17 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 1. Catalog, W. S. World Spider Catalog. Version 20.5. http://wsc.nmbe.ch.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/15257 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 蜘蛛絲為具有優異機械性質與生物親和性的材料，因此具有廣泛用途，如醫療材料、紡織材料、藥物載體及疏水蛋白質製程改善等。而不同生活形態的蜘蛛具有不同的蜘蛛絲機械性質。例如圓網蜘蛛曳絲相對於遊獵蜘蛛具有較強剛性、延展性與韌性。2017年芝山文化生態綠園志工葉黎明老師在臺北市士林區芝山岩地區（25o06’15' N, 121o31’49' E）發現外觀與行為與舉尾蟻Crematogaster sp.相似的食蟻蜘蛛，其會將腹部抬起並擺動第四步足。這樣特殊的行為與常見的結網蜘蛛與游獵蜘蛛截然不同，然當前並未有相似行為蜘蛛的曳絲機械性質被研究過。因此本研究希望藉由外部形態特徵與基因條碼檢索及親緣樹分析對該蜘蛛進行物種鑑定，並分析該蜘蛛曳絲機械性質。
外部形態鑑定與分子親緣結果皆顯示目標蜘蛛與姬蛛科（Theridiidae）寬胸蛛屬（Euryopis）蜘蛛最為接近，顯示目標蜘蛛可能屬於寬胸蛛屬。然而目前線上資料庫中寬胸蛛屬外部形態與序列資料並不完整，因此若要再進一步對目標蜘蛛鑑定則需要與世界已發現75種寬胸蛛屬蜘蛛模式標本進行比對並補足缺乏的基因資料（僅有12%寬胸蛛屬蜘蛛具有完整序列資料）。 目標蜘蛛曳絲機械性質如下：平均直徑1.57 ± 0.23 µm，剛性0.62 ± 0.01 GPa，延展性0.38 ± 0.02 ln(L/L0)，抗拉強度90.9 ± 24.4 MPa，韌性22.6 ± 5.9 MJ/m3，與平均蜘蛛曳絲性質比較有較佳延展性，但其剛性、抗拉強度與韌性相對較差。未來應可嘗試分析目標蜘蛛曳絲序列與其延展性關係，並應用於強化合成蜘蛛絲延展性。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Spider dragline silk is a biomaterial with strong mechanical properties and bioaffinity. It has various applications, such as medical material, textile material, drug carrier and hydrophobic protein production process improvement. Dragline silk from spiders with different life styles has different properties. For example, orb spider dragline silk has better stiffness, extensibility and toughness than dragline silk from wanderer spiders. In 2017, an unknown myrmecophagous (feeding on ants) spider was recorded at Zhishanyan in Taipei, Taiwan (25o06’15” N, 121o31’49” E). This spider typically poses steadily with its abdomen upward and waves its fourth pair of legs. The spider’s unique behavior and appearance are similar to Crematogaster ants that coexist in the same habitats. The Crematogaster ants, also commonly named as cocktail ants, have a habit of raising their abdomens when alarmed. This coincidence in behavior patterns has intrigued us as an aspect of biomimicry. However, there are no reports of the dragline silk properties of spiders with similar behavior. We seek to identify the spider in a systematic way by characterizing its morphological features, gene barcoding and phylogenetic tree identity, and we also try to analyse the dragline silk mechanical properties of the unknown spider.
Both the morphological characteristics and the molecular phylogenetic analysis indicate that the unknown spider primarily belongs to Euryopis, Theridiidae. Currently, there are 75 reported species of Euryopis spiders worldwide, however, not all taxonomic information (morphological and DNA barcode data) are accessible. The target spider’s dragline silk exhibited diameter 1.57 ± 0.23 µm, stiffness 0.62 ± 0.01 GPa, elasticity 0.38 ± 0.02 ln(L/L0), tensile strength 90.9 ± 24.4 MPa and toughness 22.6 ± 5.9 MJ/m3. Dragline silk from the target spider exhibits high elasticity. Further studies are required to identify the target spider’s dragline silk amino acid sequence and reveal the relationships between silk sequence and elasticity properties. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-07T17:29:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-109-R06B22029-1.pdf: 2531251 bytes, checksum: 15b6a73966aa106f2b8e48f995b1f120 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
謝誌 I 摘要 II Abstract III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VI 附圖目錄 VI 附表目錄 VII 第一章、 前言 1 1.1 緒論 1 1.2 蜘蛛物種鑑定方法 3 1.3 親緣樹 3 1.4研究動機 5 第二章、 材料與方法 8 2.1 材料採集與生態觀察 8 2.2物種鑑定-形態 8 2.2.1形態觀察與特徵繪製 8 2.2.2 物種形態鑑定 9 2.3 分子生物鑑定 9 2.3.1 基因體DNA萃取與定序 9 2.3.2 基因比對 11 2.3.3 物種親緣樹分析 11 2.4 蜘蛛絲機械性質測試 12 2.4.1 蜘蛛絲抽取與機械性質測量 12 第三章、 結果 14 3.1物種形態測量結果與外觀 14 3.2生態觀察結果 18 3.3 檢索表鑑定 19 3.4 定序結果 26 3.5 基因比對 29 3.6親緣樹分析 30 3.7蜘蛛絲機械性質測量結果 32 第四章、 討論 34 4.1物種鑑定 34 4.2 親緣樹分析 35 4.3生態觀察 36 4.4 目標蜘蛛行為與寬胸蛛屬蜘蛛的關係 38 4.5 目標蜘蛛曳絲機械性質與其他蜘蛛比較 38 第五章、 未來展望 41 第六章、 附錄 42 6.1 名詞中英對照表 42 6.2蜘蛛測量數值 44 6.3 觀測紀錄 46 6.4定序結果 49 6.5 Blast結果 54 6.6 親緣樹資料 57 6.7 親緣樹分析結果 63 6.8 臺灣姬蛛科蜘蛛名錄 (1955-2015) 67 6.9 目標蜘蛛絲性質實驗其他資料 70 第七章、 參考文獻 72 圖目錄 圖 1蜘蛛外部與生殖器官特徵 2 圖 2 目標蜘蛛發現地點、棲地環境與誘捕姿勢 6 圖 3目標蜘蛛獵食行為 7 圖 4 應力-應變曲線 13 圖 5 目標蜘蛛特徵照片 16 圖 6 目標蜘蛛外部與生殖器官特徵素描 17 圖 7 目標蜘蛛觀察區域地圖 18 圖 8 雄雌蛛CoI序列比對結果 26 圖 9 雄雌蛛18S rRNA 序列比對結果 27 圖 10 雄雌蛛 28S rRNA序列比對結果 29 圖 11雄雌蛛Histone 3 A 序列比對結果 29 圖 12 CoI基因親緣樹 30 圖 13 18S rRNA基因親緣樹 31 圖 14 28S rRNA基因親緣樹 31 圖 15 組合基因親緣樹目標蜘蛛部分 32 圖 16 目標蜘蛛曳絲照片與應力-應變曲線圖 33 圖 17 目標蜘蛛分布統計圖 37 表目錄 表 1 PCR使用引子表 10 表 2定序引子表 11 表 3 世界蜘蛛名錄寬胸蛛屬蜘蛛特徵資料統計表 35 表 4 各種蜘蛛曳絲機械性質比較表 39 附圖目錄 附圖 1 CoI親緣樹分析結果 63 附圖 2 18S rRNA親緣樹分析結果 64 附圖 3 28S rRNA親緣樹分析結果 65 附圖 4 組合基因親緣樹分析結果 66 附圖 5 曳絲機械性質測試使用雌性鼬形微姬蛛照片 70 附圖 6 目標蜘蛛、Phycosoma mustelinum 與Nephila pilipes曳絲應力-應變曲線 71 附表目錄 附表 1蜘蛛軀幹測量數值 44 附表 2蜘蛛附肢測量數值 45 附表 3面部測量數值 46 附表 4 目標蜘蛛觀測紀錄表 46 附表 5目標蜘蛛CoI基因序列 Blast結果 54 附表 6目標蜘蛛18S rRNA 基因Blast結果 54 附表 7目標蜘蛛28S rRNA 基因Blast結果 55 附表 8目標蜘蛛Histone 3 A 基因Blast結果 56 附表 9親緣樹分析資料 57 附表 10 1955年至2015年臺灣姬蛛科名錄 67 附表 11 蜘蛛絲直徑測量數值 70 附表 12 蜘蛛曳絲機械性質測量結果 71 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 寬胸蛛屬 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 姬蛛科 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 親緣樹分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 食蟻蜘蛛 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 蜘蛛絲 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | spider silk | en |
| dc.subject | Euryopis | en |
| dc.subject | Theridiidae | en |
| dc.subject | phylogenetic tree | en |
| dc.subject | myrmecophagous spider | en |
| dc.title | 臺灣新發現寬胸蛛屬食蟻蜘蛛之物種分類與蜘蛛絲性質探討（蜘蛛目：姬蛛科） | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Taxonomic Identification and Spider Silk Analysis of a New Myrmecophagous Spider of the genera Euryopis
(Araneae, Theridiidae) in Taiwan | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 108-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 楊啟伸(Chii-Shen Yang),曾惠芸(Hui-Yun Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 寬胸蛛屬,姬蛛科,親緣樹分析,食蟻蜘蛛,蜘蛛絲, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Euryopis,Theridiidae,phylogenetic tree,myrmecophagous spider,spider silk, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 77 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202000472 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2020-02-17 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生化科技學系 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生化科技學系 | |
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