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DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 曾鈞懋(Chun-Mao Tseng) | |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Ting Yen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 嚴煜庭 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-20T21:27:40Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2013-08-20 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-20T21:27:40Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-20 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-08-19 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/10414 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究主要是針對東海大氣汞進行研究,以瞭解其在空間分布及時間上之特性。利用海研一號於2003年夏季在東海海域上執行兩次航行任務,分別為OR1_686 (2003年6月19日到6月26日) 和OR1_691 (2003年8月13日到8月23日) 。大氣汞之採樣及測定,是採用本實驗室自製的汞分析儀系統,以現場連續採樣和即時監測方式進行,根據二階段汞齊濃縮法 (Two-Stage Amalgamation) 原理來測定汞的濃度。本研究顯示,OR1_686大氣元素汞 (GEM) 平均濃度為 4.5 ± 1.8 ng/m3 (2.1~13.2 ng/m3,n=123),OR1_691為 3.6 ± 2.0 ng/m3 (1.8~11.8 ng/m3,n=78)。GEM之空間分佈變化很大,主要受物質來源的影响;其亦有日夜變化之情形,亦即是GEM白天高,晚上低,日夜差異於OR1_686和OR1_691二個航次平均為3 ng/m3左右。由氣流軌跡回推圖來看,較污染的氣團來源有來自日本 (GEM 6.8 ± 1.6 ng/m3) 、大陸地區 ( 5.3 ± 1.1 ng/m3) 、台灣海峽 ( 5.0 ± 1.5 ng/m3) 和台灣地區 ( 4.2 ± 0.4 ng/m3) ,也有自南海 ( 3.5 ± 0.2 ng/m3) 和太平洋 ( 2.5 ± 0.9 ng/m3) 較為乾淨的海洋氣團,說明邊緣海大氣汞的濃度受到周圍人為污染源的影響很大。颱風後的西南氣流,也影響了東海夏季大氣汞的分佈。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The concentration and distribution of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) over the surface air of the East China Sea were investigated to characterize its spatial and temporal variations by using Ocean Research 1 in summer 2003 e.g. OR1-686 (June 19~26, 2003) and OR1-691 (August 13~23, 2003). The sampling and analysis of the GEM were performed on board ship by an semi-automated GEM analyzer (GEMA) which analytical principle was based on the two-stage amalgamation technique. The GEM averaged 4.5 ± 1.8 (n=123) and 6.1 ± 2.0 (n=78) ng/m3 with the range of 2.1~13.2 and 1.8~11.8 ng/m3 for OR1-686 and OR1-691 , respectively. There were significantly spacial GEM variation likely associated with the sources of Hg from surrounding areas of the ECS. Additionally, the two-cruise average magnitude of diurnal variation in GEM overall was about 3 ng/m3 .According to source tracking by air-backward trajectory analysis, we found air masses in summer were from Japan (GEM concn. 6.8 ± 1.6 ng/m3) , China (5.3 ± 1.1 ng/m3) , Taiwan Strait (5.0 ± 1.5 ng/m3) ,and Taiwan (4.2 ± 0.4 ng/m3) which exported the terrestrial and industrially anthropogenic materials to the ECS. On the other hand, air masses were from the Pacific Ocean (2.5 ± 0.9 ng/m3) with the clean marine materials and the South China Sea (SCS) (3.5 ± 0.2 ng/m3) with less Hg emission. The results show the GEM in marginal sea was significantly influenced by transportation of terrestrial and anthropogenic materials. Additionally, the special weather event, like the typhoon, would alter the distribution of GEM in ECS. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-20T21:27:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R96241404-1.pdf: 2011071 bytes, checksum: 1cb7873a4470c475aa12c37435687bfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目 錄
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………I 英文摘要…………………………………...……………………………II 目錄……………………………………………………………………..III 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………...V 表目錄……………………………………………………………..……VI 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………….…….1 1.1大氣中汞的來源…………………………………………………1 1.1.1自然源……………………………………………….…….1 1.1.2人為排放………………………………………….……….2 1.2汞的全球循環……………………………………………………5 1.3大氣汞的化學及循環…………………………………...……….7 1.4文獻回顧………………………………………………………..10 1.5東海的特性……………………………………………………..15 1.6 研究動機與目的………………………………………………16 第二章 研究方法………………………………………………...…….17 2.1 研究區域………………………………………………………17 2.2 器材與方法……………………………………………………18 2.2.1 實驗儀器設備裝置…………………………….……….18 2.2.2實驗器材前處理……………………………………..…..18 2.3 大氣汞之採樣方法…………………………………...……….19 2.4大氣元素汞分析方法…………………………………………..20 2.4.1實驗步驟…………………………………………………22 2.5 氣象輔助資料………………………………………...……….23 第三章 結果…………………………………………………..………..24 3.1 氣態元素汞(GEM)與大氣參數之航跡時序分佈…………….24 3.2 氣態元素汞(GEM)在東海上的空間變化………………….…29 3.3 GEM之日平均變化……………………………………..……..30 第四章 討論……………………………………………………………34 4.1氣流軌跡的歸納分類…………………………………….……34 4.2同一空間來源下,探討GEM之日夜變化………..……..……..37 4.2.1來自海源的日夜變化………………………………..…..39 4.2.2來自陸源的日夜變化…………………………..………..43 4.3 固定時間下,探討海源和陸源大氣濃度空間的分佈……...…44 4.4歸納各軌跡的氣態元素汞(GEM)的值……………………..…47 4.5颱風後的影响…………………………………………….……49 第五章 結論…………………………………………………...……….50 參考文獻………………………………………………………….…….52 圖目錄 圖 1.1 1995年和2000年各種人類活動排放汞的量對比(單位:公噸) (SC: stationary combustion; NFMP: non-ferrous metal production; PISP: pig-iron and steel production; C: cement production; CS: caustic soda production; MP: primary mercury production; G: gold production; WD: waste disposal; O: other sources)………..……….3 圖 1.2 2005年全世界人類活動排放汞的量示意圖……………..…….4 圖1.3 全球汞循環之示意圖……………………………………………5 圖1.4 大氣中不同類型汞的含量比例………………………………….8 圖2.1 氣態元素汞航跡圖和水文測站與地理位置.…………..………17 圖2.2 大氣採樣設備架設示意圖………………………………...……19 圖2.3 自製大氣元素汞分析儀示意圖………………………...………21 圖3.1 航次的航跡與風速風向圖(a) OR1-686 (06/19~06/26, 2003)與(b) OR1-691 (08/13~08/23, 2003)……………………………..………26 圖3.2 於OR1-686 (06/19~06/26, 2003) 之氣態元素汞航跡時序與大氣參數關係圖(大氣(a) 汞(b)光照度(c)溫度(d)壓力)……………27 圖3.3 於OR1-691 (08/13~08/23, 2003) 之氣態元素汞航跡時序與大氣參數關係圖(大氣(a) 汞(b)光照度(c)溫度(d)壓力)……………28 圖3.4 東海海域之GEM濃度分佈圖:OR1-686 (06/19~06/26, 2003) (a) (b)、OR1-691 (08/13~08/23, 2003) (c)(d)……………………29 圖3.5 (a) OR1-686 (b) OR1-691 航次中每天的GEM平均濃度……31 圖4.1 OR1-686 (06/19~06/26, 2003) 各站點三天前氣團軌跡回推團圖……………………………………………………………..……35 圖4.2 OR1-691 (08/13~08/23, 2003) 各站點三天前氣團軌跡回推團圖…………………………………………………………..………36 圖4.3 OR1-686(06/19~06/26, 2003)氣態元素汞及大氣光照之航跡時序圖………………………………………………………..………38 圖4.4 OR1-691 (08/13~08/23, 2003) 氣態元素汞及大氣光照之航跡時序圖………………………………………………………..………38 圖4.5(I)6/20、(II)8/20、(III)8/22~8/23氣團軌跡回推圖/ GEM及光照之航跡時序…………………………………………..……41 圖4.6 6/24/2003(a)氣團軌跡回推圖,(b)GEM及光照之航跡時序…………………………………………………………..………43 圖4.7 氣態元素汞濃度(a)、(c)航跡圖與地理位置(b)、(d)濃度分佈圖…………………………………………………………….…….45 圖4.8 氣態元素汞濃度(a)、(c)航跡圖與地理位置(b)、(d)濃度分佈圖………………………………………………………….……….46 圖4.9 東海海域各測站不同來源GEM的值(a)OR1-686 (06/19~06/26, 2003) (b)OR1-691 (08/13~08/23, 2003) (c) 綜合分佈………………………………………………………….……….48 圖4.10 OR1-686 (06/19~06/26, 2003) 前,蘇迪勒(SOUDELOR)颱風所經之路徑圖…………………………………………………..…49 表目錄 表1.1 自然源溢散汞的量……………………………………….………2 表1.2 排放汞的主要人類活動………………………………….………2 表1.3 氣態元素汞邊緣海的文獻回顧…………………………...……12 表1.4 氣態元素汞東亞的文獻回顧……………………………...……14 表2.1 GEMA的分析性能……………………………………...………21 表3.1 OR1-686航次各測站之GEM濃度及大氣參數………………32 表3.2 OR1-691航次各測站之GEM濃度及大氣參數………………33 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 2003年夏季東海海域大氣汞的分布和成因 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Distribution of Gaseous Elemental Mercury
with its Controlling Factors over the East China Sea in Summer 2003 | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林斐然(Fei-Jan Lin),許世傑(Shih-Chieh Hsu) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 東海,大氣汞,氣態元素汞,颱風,東海長期觀測與研究, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Atmospheric Hg,Gaseous elemental Hg (GEM),East China Sea (ECS),Typhoon,LORECS ( Long-term Observation and Research in the East China Sea), | en |
dc.relation.page | 61 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-08-19 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 海洋研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 海洋研究所 |
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