以公私協力觀點探討我國深度節能政策：以新北市照明節能案為例

Abstract

本論文旨在探討台灣在邁向深度節能轉型過程中，如何運用公私協力機制突破公共財政與技術疆界。研究方法上，採用Ansell & Gash協力治理模型作為分析視角，探討公私部門在合作初期的信任建立與動態協商過程。同時，為彌補協力治理在解釋資本基礎設施時的侷限，引入新制度經濟學作為輔助分析視角，透過交易成本與代理人理論的經濟理性，檢視新北市節能路燈換裝暨維護案與校園智慧節能績效保證專案之執行歷程。 研究發現，雙個案實踐經驗證實公私協力推動節能政策具有效性。深度節能的成功不僅依賴協力治理中所強調的信任與對話，更取決於能否突破傳統體制之制度與技術困境。雙個案比較顯示，針對大規模且標準化的路燈設施，PFI模式雖面臨預算結構與行政僵局等制度阻力，仍能透過層級治理與成效式評核解決維運難題；針對中小型校園場域，ESPC模式雖需付出克服專業知能差距之政策學習成本，仍能藉由需求群組化與利潤共享克服交易障礙。此歷程展現地方政府從單一出資者轉型為資源整合者之典範轉移。 最後，本研究對推動深度節能提出治理轉型的具體建議。法制層面，建議長期採購合約應在「技術規格與核減標準明確化」的前提下，預留技術升級與履約調適之彈性空間，並引入第三方審查機制，以減少因未來技術變遷衍生的履約爭議與事後交易成本；金融層面，呼籲落實信用擔保等綠色金融機制，協助地方節能服務業者取得前期建置資金，解決市場資金供需落差。透過法規與金融雙軌並行，將能全面驅動我國深度節能政策的永續發展。

The purpose of this study is to explore how Taiwan utilizes public-private partnerships to overcome financial and technological barriers during its transition toward deep energy-saving. Using the Ansell & Gash collaborative governance model as the primary framework, this study examines the trust-building and negotiation processes between public and private sectors. To address theoretical limitations of collaborative governance in analyzing capital-intensive infrastructure, new institutional economics—specifically transaction cost and principal-agent theories—is introduced as a supplementary perspective to examine two cases: the New Taipei City Streetlight Replacement and the Campus Smart Energy-Saving projects. Findings reveal that empirical evidence from the two cases confirms the effectiveness of PPPs in energy-saving policies. Successful deep energy-saving requires not only collaborative trust and dialogue, but also overcoming traditional institutional and technological barriers. Case comparison shows that for large-scale, standardized streetlights, despite institutional barriers like budget structures and administrative impasses, the PFI model resolves maintenance challenges through hierarchical governance and performance-based assessments. Conversely, for small-to-medium campus settings, although the ESPC model incurs policy learning costs due to professional knowledge gaps, it surmounts transaction barriers via demand bundling and profit-sharing. This process highlights a local government paradigm shift from sole funders to resource integrators.. Finally, the study proposes governance transition recommendations. Legally, under the premise of clear technical specifications and deduction standards, long-term contracts should reserve adaptive flexibility for technological upgrades and incorporate third-party review mechanisms to reduce future contractual disputes and ex-post transaction costs. Financially, implementing green finance mechanisms, such as credit guarantees, is crucial to help local energy service companies secure upfront funding and bridge the capital supply-demand gap. Advancing simultaneously on both legal and financial tracks will comprehensively drive the sustainable development of Taiwan's deep energy-saving policies.