雙效標線於市區道路之性能優化與實地驗證

Abstract

道路標線除提供車道分隔、行車導引與交通管制資訊外，亦須兼顧夜間辨識與抗滑安全。本研究依據既有雙效標線材料研究成果，針對市區道路中兩類具低照度辨識需求之應用情境進行探討：其一為標線型人行道白色邊線，其二為高架橋下方道路黃色標線。白色邊線部分，採市售 II 型熱處理聚酯標線作為基底，並外撒玻璃珠與抗滑料 1：1 雙效混合料，應用於溫州街、溫州街 18 巷及青田街 7 巷等住宅巷弄與學區周邊路段；黃色標線部分，先透過 12 組試片比較不同外撒比例與撒佈方式，再選定較佳配比，並搭配雙效內摻聚酯材料，應用於建國高架橋下方迴轉道之網狀線與雙黃線。本研究以回歸反射輝度係數 RL、擴散照明下之輝度係數 Qd 及英式擺錘數 BPN 作為主要性能指標，進行現地劃設後六個月內之追蹤檢測。 研究結果顯示，白色雙效邊線可明顯提升標線型人行道白色邊線之 RL 表現，施工後兩週各實驗組路段均達 R3（RL ≥ 150 mcd/m²/lx）等級以上，第 6 個月仍維持於 R2（RL ≥ 100 mcd/m²/lx）等級以上，且平均抗滑性能均維持於 S5（BPN ≥ 65）等級。黃色標線試片結果顯示，玻璃珠與抗滑料混合外撒可在反光與抗滑間取得較佳平衡；現地驗證結果亦顯示，黃色雙效標線於施工後兩週均達 R3（RL ≥ 150 mcd/m²/lx）等級以上，明顯優於一般黃色 II 型標線，至第 6 個月仍維持較佳之 RL 與 BPN 表現。成本比較結果顯示，白色雙效邊線單位成本較市售 II 型標線增加約 6.35%，黃色雙效標線則增加約 40.36%。綜合而言，雙效標線應採需求導向與因地制宜原則，依標線顏色、照明條件、交通磨耗程度及標線功能需求進行差異化配置，以提升市區道路標線之夜間辨識與抗滑安全表現。

Road markings provide lane separation, traffic guidance, and regulatory information, while also needing to ensure nighttime visibility and skid resistance. Based on findings from existing studies on dual-performance road marking materials, this study investigates two urban roadway applications with low-illumination visibility demands: white edge lines of marked pedestrian walkways and yellow markings on roads beneath elevated bridges. For the white edge lines, commercial Class II thermoplastic polyester markings were used as the base material, with a 1:1 dual-performance mixture of glass beads and anti-skid aggregates applied externally. The markings were installed on Wenzhou Street, Lane 18 of Wenzhou Street, and Lane 7 of Qingtian Street, which are residential alleys and school-adjacent road sections. For the yellow markings, twelve test panel mixtures were first evaluated with different external application rates and spreading methods. The selected mixture was then combined with a dual-performance internally mixed polyester material and applied to yellow box markings and double yellow lines on U-turn lanes beneath the Jianguo Elevated Road. The coefficient of retroreflected luminance (RL), luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination (Qd), and British Pendulum Number (BPN) were used as the main performance indicators, and field performance was monitored for six months after installation. The results show that the white dual-performance edge lines significantly improved the RL performance of marked pedestrian walkway edge lines. Two weeks after installation, all experimental road sections reached at least R3 (RL ≥ 150 mcd/m²/lx) level, and after six months, they remained above R2 (RL ≥ 100 mcd/m²/lx) level, while the average skid resistance was maintained at S5 (BPN ≥ 65) level. The yellow marking test panels showed that the mixed external application of glass beads and anti-skid aggregates provided a better balance between retroreflectivity and skid resistance. The field validation results also showed that the yellow dual-performance markings reached at least R3 (RL ≥ 150 mcd/m²/lx) level two weeks after installation, clearly outperforming conventional yellow Class II markings, and still maintained better RL and BPN performance after six months. The cost comparison indicates that the unit cost of white dual-performance edge lines increased by approximately 6.35% compared with commercial Class II markings, while that of yellow dual-performance markings increased by approximately 40.36%. Overall, dual-performance road markings should be applied based on demand-oriented and site-specific principles, with differentiated material configurations according to marking color, illumination conditions, traffic wear, and marking function, in order to improve nighttime visibility and skid safety on urban roads.