臺灣中高齡心智障礙家庭照顧者壓力因應策略、未來生活安排與家庭生活品質

Abstract

本研究蒐集 102 位中高齡心智障礙家庭主要照顧者的問卷資料，檢視壓力因應策略、未來生活安排與家庭生活品質的關係。研究結果顯示，中高齡心智障礙家庭生活品質呈現中度滿意，尤其對「健康/物質福祉」滿意度最高，對從家庭外部獲得「身障相關支持」的滿意度最低。此外，主要照顧者對於心智障礙者的未來生活安排投入度偏低。主要照顧者的壓力因應策略選擇以自我調節為多，必要時會向外尋求支持，較少選擇退縮或逃避策略。多元迴歸分析結果顯示，影響整體家庭生活品質的顯著因素包括：家庭關係、家庭收入，以及照顧者運用自我調節的因應策略。換言之，當中高齡心智障礙家庭收入較低，家庭關係不佳時，其整體家庭生活品質較低。相反地，若中高齡心智障礙家庭關係佳，家庭收入高，且主要照顧者運用自我調節的正向因應策略，其整體家庭生活品質較佳。

This study collected survey data from 102 primary caregivers in families of middle-aged and older individuals with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan. The aim was to examine the relationships among stress coping strategies, planning for the future, and family living standards. The findings indicated that these families were moderately satisfied with their living standards. Specifically, they were most satisfied with health and material well-being and least satisfied with disability-related support received from external sources. Additionally, primary caregivers demonstrated relatively low levels of interests in planning for the future living arrangements of their family members with intellectual disabilities. Regarding stress management, caregivers most frequently adopted self-regulation coping strategies, sought external support when necessary, and were less likely to rely on withdrawal or avoidance-based coping approaches. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the significant predictors of overall family living standards were family relationships, household income, and caregivers’ use of self-regulation coping strategies. That is, families with lower household incomes and poorer family relationships reported lower overall family living standards. The reverse was true for families with positive family relationships, higher household incomes, and caregivers who employed adaptive self-regulation coping strategies.