竹構造接合至整體結構之模擬與設計

Abstract

隨著全球永續發展目標(SDGs)的推動與減碳趨勢,具備快速生長及負碳特性的竹材,被視為替代高耗能建材的潛力生物材料。然而,竹材因其圓空斷面、非均質性及各向異性之特點,導致其在建築結構應用中面臨接合設計困難與缺乏標準化分析流程等挑戰。 本研究旨在建立一套針對台灣本土竹材的結構設計與數值分析框架。研究過程首先透過材料試驗,針對經過碳化乾燥處理之竹材進行平行纖維抗壓試驗,獲取力學參數;接續針對結構中脆弱的接合部位,進行多組常見接合,包含螺栓接合與鐵絲綁紮,進行抗剪與抗壓試驗。研究發現,鐵絲綁紮由鐵絲主導,而螺栓接合中,雙剪較單剪有較好的接合勁度。 在分析方面,本研究以結構分析軟體 MIDAS Gen,提出一套將實驗數據轉化為數值模型的評估流程。並透過足尺寸竹桁架之實體試驗之數據與數值模擬結果進行比對,驗證了此分析流程的可靠性。 本研究成果不僅推導出可供設計參考的接合強度與勁度估算公式,降低了對繁雜接合試驗的依賴,更結合台灣與國際規範,為竹構造在建築之工程應用建立參考基礎,以促進竹材於永續建築與結構工程領域之應用與發展。

With the promotion of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and global carbon-reduction trends, bamboo, characterized by its rapid growth and carbon-negative potential, has been regarded as a promising bio-material to replace energy-intensive construction materials. However, due to its hollow circular cross-section, non- homogeneity, and anisotropic properties, bamboo faces significant challenges in structural applications, particularly in joint design and the lack of standardized analytical procedures. This study aims to establish a structural design and numerical analysis framework for Taiwan’s indigenous bamboo. The research first conducts material tests on carbonized dried bamboo, including compression tests parallel to the fiber direction to obtain mechanical properties. Subsequently, multiple common joint types, including bolted joints and wire-tied joints, are tested under shear and bearing conditions, focusing on the vulnerable connection regions of bamboo structures. Research has found that wire-tied joints is governed primarily by the steel wire, and that in bolted connections, double-shear configurations exhibit greater joint stiffness than single-shear configurations. For structural analysis, this study proposes a procedure to transform experimental data into numerical models using the structural analysis software MIDAS Gen. The data of the full-scale bamboo truss experiments are compared with numerical simulation results to validate the reliability of the proposed framework. The outcomes of this research not only derive practical formulas for estimating joint strength and stiffness for design purposes, reducing dependence on extensive joint testing, but also integrate Taiwanese and international design codes to establish an engineering reference for bamboo structures in architectural applications, promoting thedevelopment of bamboo in sustainable architecture and structural engineering.