月球漫遊車光譜影像酬載結構設計與數值分析

Abstract

隨著全球太空探索進入商業化與多國合作的新時代，月球探測再次成為各國發展的重點。本研究為國家太空中心「外太空探索計畫第一枚月球漫遊車（OSE-LR1）酬載儀器研製」計畫之一環，透過產學合作的架構執行，旨在建立臺灣自主開發月球表面科學儀器之能力。此任務的挑戰在於酬載需克服從地表發射到月球表面執行任務過程中的嚴苛環境，包括發射階段的劇烈振動與衝擊，以及月球表面極端的溫差、宇宙輻射與月球塵土（Lunar Dust）等威脅。為應對上述的挑戰，本研究透過有限元素分析（Finite Element Analysis, FEA）軟體，對酬載結構進行負載模擬與設計改良，並藉由一系列環境測試驗證其可靠性（Reliability）。數值分析的重點為模擬酬載於發射與著陸過程中承受的準靜態（Quasi-static）、正弦振動（Sine Vibration）、隨機振動（Random Vibration）與衝擊（Shock）等動態負載，並初步評估月球表面作業的高低溫環境影響。根據分析結果，針對結構弱點進行改良，如提升主結構之自然頻率和優化內部模組配置以增強整體剛性等。最終，依循計畫的規範，透過振動、衝擊、熱真空與輻射等一系列環境測試，驗證酬載設計具備承受任務所需負載的能力。本研究不僅完成了一套符合月球探測任務標準的酬載結構設計，也為臺灣自主開發太空酬載建立了一套完整的設計、分析與驗證流程。

As global space exploration enters a new era of commercialization and international collaboration, lunar missions have once again become a strategic focus. This research, conducted under an industry-academia framework for the Taiwan Space Agency's (TASA) OSE-LR1 lunar rover program, aims to establish Taiwan's capability for the indigenous development of lunar surface scientific instruments.

The primary challenge of this mission lies in ensuring the payload can withstand harsh environments, ranging from severe vibrations and shocks during launch to extreme temperature fluctuations, cosmic radiation, and lunar dust on the lunar surface. To address these challenges, this study employed Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to perform load simulations and structural optimization, followed by a series of environmental tests to verify reliability. The numerical analysis focused on simulating dynamic loads during launch and landing—specifically quasi-static, sine vibration, random vibration, and shock conditions—while providing a preliminary assessment of the lunar thermal environment.

Based on the analysis results, structural enhancements were implemented, such as increasing the natural frequency of the main structure and optimizing internal module layout to improve overall stiffness. Finally, the design was validated through a rigorous environmental testing campaign, including vibration, shock, thermal vacuum, and radiation tests, as prescribed by mission standards. This study successfully developed a lunar-qualified payload structure and established a comprehensive design, analysis, and verification workflow for indigenous space payloads in Taiwan.