http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63 Wed, 15 Apr 2026 16:30:07 GMT 2026-04-15T16:30:07Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/65698 標題: 魏氏成人智力測驗第三版短式測驗組合應用於台灣阿茲海默氏症與帕金森氏症病人之效度研究; Validity of WAIS-III short forms for patients with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease 作者: Hsing-Tien Lien; 連星恬 摘要: 魏氏成人智力量表第三版在台灣是臨床神經心理評估基本的檢查之一，但目前在台灣仍未有完整檢驗簡短測驗組型應用在阿茲海默氏症病人和帕金森氏症病人可行性之研究。本研究目的為比較應用於此兩組病人所有可能之魏氏成人智力量表第三版以四因素為基礎之測驗組型，以「線性方程式」與「比例分配」兩種方式估算且比較多種心理計量特性。結果顯示兩種計算方式在兩病人組皆可產生合宜之估計，然而約一半之簡短式測驗組型產生變異數膨脹。在兩病人組中，包含「類同」、「圖形設計」和「符號尋找」分測驗之簡短式測驗組型估計之正確度較不佳，「常識-矩陣推理-算術-數字符號」與「常識-圖畫補充-算術-數字符號」皆能合宜估計實際智商。此外亦推薦「常識-矩陣推理-記憶廣度-數字符號」、「詞彙-矩陣推理-算術-數字符號」、「詞彙-圖畫補充-算術-數字符號」、「詞彙-圖畫補充-記憶廣度-數字符號」應用於帕金森氏症病人。; Background: The Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Third Edition (WAIS-III) is the basic measure in clinical neuropsychological evaluations in Taiwan. Abbreviation of the WAIS-III is necessary due to clinical constraints, particularly in assessing patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, various tetrad combinations have not yet been comprehensively examined in patients with AD and PD in Taiwan. Objective: To compare applications of all available factor-based tetrad combinations based upon linear equating and prorating procedures for IQ estimations in patients with AD and PD. Methods: All tetrads were selected from one subtest of each WAIS-III index. Administration time and psychometric properties including reliability and validity were investigated in all combinations of factor-based tetrads based upon the linear equating and prorating procedures. Results: The two procedures could generate reasonable estimations though half of the estimations showed inflated variance in the clinical sample. In both patient groups, tetrads involving the Similarities, Block Design, and Symbol Search showed poorer estimation accuracy. The tetrad of Information-Matrix Reasoning-Arithmetic-Digit Symbol Substitution and Information-Picture Completion-Arithmetic-Digit Symbol Substitution were applicable to both patient groups. In addition, the tetrads of Information-Matrix Reasoning-Digit Span-Digit-Symbol Substitution, Vocabulary-Matrix Reasoning-Arithmetic-Digit Symbol Substitution, Vocabulary-Picture Completion-Arithmetic-Digit Symbol Substitution, Vocabulary-Picture Completion-Digit Span-Digit Symbol Substitution for patients with PD are also feasible. Conclusion: Both the linear equating and the prorating procedures could generate reasonable IQ estimations when applied to AD and PD patients. These proposed tetrads for screening purposes and interpreting the results with further neurocognitive evaluations is recommended. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/65698 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/65576 標題: 魏氏成人智力測驗第三版四因素短式測驗組合應用於台灣封閉創傷性腦傷與顳葉癲癇病人之效度研究; Validity of Factor-Based WAIS-III Short Forms for Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy 作者: Yi-Yi Tsai; 蔡怡怡 摘要: 研究背景：台灣版魏氏成人智力量表第三版為臨床上常用的評估工具，但臨床施測時間較長，實作時常受限於不同狀況（如臨床時間限制、患者生理狀況等），故需發展短式測驗組合常模協助臨床工作者以最短時間得到個體整體認知表現。目前已有適用於台灣正常成人魏氏成人智力量表第三版短式測驗組合之常模，但尚未發展適用於台灣臨床患者的短式測驗組合。目的：驗證台灣版魏氏成人智力量表第三版四因素短式測驗組合應用於兩種台灣臨床常見診斷--封閉型創傷性腦傷與顳葉癲癇病人的適用性。方法：本研究採回溯性分析，以台大醫院神經科2005至2011年常見疾病診斷中，患者族群較為年輕的封閉型創傷性腦傷與顳葉癲癇，並完成台灣版魏氏成人智力量表第三版的兩組患者為研究對象（分別為81人與51人），以各種心理計量特質、時間限制，以及比例與線性方程式的質性估計程序比較四因素短式測驗組型應用於此兩種患者的適用性。首先檢驗國內目前已有適用於台灣正常人樣本的五種短式測驗組合，進一步檢驗其他三十一組短式組合。結果：本研究顯示兩種估計方式應用於兩組患者的測驗組合分析中，有一半以上可產生百分之七十以上的估計準確度，亦均會產生明顯膨脹的變異數。比較發現兩種估計方式無明顯優劣，因此同時將兩種估計方式納入分析中。在檢驗適用於台灣正常成人樣本的五種短式組合中，並未發現適用於此兩種患者的組合，進一步分析其他短式測驗組合。創傷性腦傷患者的「常識-圖形設計-算數-符號尋找」組型，以及顳葉癲癇患者的「詞彙-矩陣推理-算數-數符替代」和「類同-圖形設計-記憶廣度-符號尋找」組型，整體而言是相對較佳的估計組型。結論：本研究提供相對的心理計量特質，協助我們面對此兩種患者時，可選擇不同的魏氏成人智力量表第三版的短式測驗組合。此外，即使是良好心理計量特質的短式測驗組合，仍有明顯的錯誤分類率，且受限於回溯性分析，患者資料不齊全，使用者需注意以短式測驗組合，來估計患者全量表智商，僅作為篩選之用途。; Background: The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III) is one of the most commonly used measures, but its administration time for the full battery is long due to various practical constrains (such as limited time or individual’s fatigue and inattention). Therefore, a short form of the WAIS-III could be used to shorten the administration time when only a brief intelligence screening is required. Currently, there are five available tetrads suitable for normal individuals in Taiwan. However, the issue of whether these tetrads can be fully generalized to patient populations remains unclear. Objective: To assess the appropriateness of factor-based short forms of the WAIS-III for Taiwanese outpatients with traumatic brain injury and temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods: The present study was retrospective in nature. The sample consisted of 132 individuals from the outpatient clinic at the National Taiwan University Hospital from 2005 to 2011. Two patient groups, 81 individuals with a history of TBI and 51 with TLE, were recruited. Various psychometric procedures, time constrains, and qualities of estimation among prorating and linear equating procedures, were compared among all possible factor-based short form combinations for patients with traumatic brain injury and temporal lobe epilepsy. We examined the applicability of five available tetrads for normal Taiwanese to both patient groups, and then further investigated psychometric qualities of the remaining 31 tetrads. Results: More than half of the estimates based on both estimation procedures for patient groups showed inflated variances, although they had available estimation accuracy. Results of both estimation procedures were about the same; thus, we considered both estimated procedures simultaneously in our study. Five tetrads appropriate for normal individuals were not feasible for use with our patient groups. With regard to application to clinical patient groups, the Information-Block Design-Arithmetic-Symbol Search form was recommended for the traumatic brain injury patient group, and the Vocabulary-Matrix Reasoning-Arithmetic-Digit Symbol Substitution form and the Similarities-Block Design-Digit Span- Symbol Search form for the temporal lobe epilepsy patient group, due to their good psychometric properties. Conclusion: Results of this study helps clinical practitioners choose feasible factor-based tetrads for both patient groups by providing their relative psychometric quality. Users are cautioned to use these short forms only for screening purpose because even preferred tetrads had substantial misclassification, and medical information of our patients was not completely collected due to retrospective study. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/65576 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/42477 標題: 魅力領導的雙重影響效果:部屬建言行為與緘默行為; The dual effect of charismatic leadership: Subordinate's voice and silence 作者: Hsu-Hung Hsieh; 謝旭虹 摘要: 過去文獻指出，魅力領導因具未來取向且樂於改變，故能使部屬勇於提供新穎的想法以改善現況。但亦有研究者指出，魅力領導可能反倒抑止部屬指出目標願景的缺失，而不敢表達建設性的意見。此一不一致顯示，極可能是主管的魅力領導行為導致不同的部屬心理歷程，並因而造成部屬意見表達行為的多樣性。基於以上，本文聚焦於魅力領導與部屬建言、緘默行為之間的關係，並且探討主管認同與順從主管各自中介魅力領導對建言與緘默行為之效果，以353對的主管與部屬對偶為樣本，本研究發現魅力領導對部屬的建言行為與緘默行為皆有正向預測效果，而主管認同中介了魅力領導與部屬建言行為之間的關係，順從主管則中介了魅力領導與部屬緘默行為的關係。最後，針對本研究的主要研究發現與研究限制進行討論，並說明本研究之未來研究方向與管理實務意涵。; According to past literatures, Charismatic leaders are future oriented and open to change, encouraging followers express new ideas. But some researchers point out that followers who believe in the leader will be inhibited from pointing out flaws or suggesting improvements. This inconsistent result, it’s possible that there are different influence mechanism of charismatic leadership. To sum up , the present study explores personal identification and conformity as two intermediate mechanisms that can help explain the voice and silence behavior between a charismatic leader and his or her followers. Sampling from 353 employees and their supervisors, the result showed that charismatic leadership was positively related to subordinat’s voice and silence behavior. Furthermore, It was found that the relationship between charismatic leadership and follower voice is mediated by personal identification whereas conformity mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and cooperative silence. Lastly, we discussed the limits and contributions of the study and practical implications from the study. Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/42477 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74904 標題: 高齡者的生活滿意度和生命意義感關係-知覺子女可安全依附和未來時間觀的調節作用; The Relationship Between Life Satisfaction and Sense of the Meaning in Life of the Elderly - Moderating Effect of Perceived Security by Attaching to Adult Children and Future Time Perspective 作者: Fan Zhang; 張帆 摘要: 鑑於台灣人口高齡化速度加快，近年來關於如何提升高齡者的生命意義感和生活滿意度的問題也愈發受到重視，如何讓高齡者能享受有品質的老年生活已是臺灣社會必須面對的重要議題。過去文獻大多顯示高齡者的生活滿意度和生命意義感之間存在正向關係，但本研究認為其知覺子女可安全依附程度和未來時間觀會調節生活滿意度和生命意義感之間的關係。本研究選取大臺北地區172名年滿60歲的高齡者為樣本，藉由問卷調查探討高齡者知覺子女可安全依附和未來時間觀對其生活滿意度和生命意義感關係的調節效果，並驗證生活滿意度、知覺子女可安全依附程度和未來時間觀三個變項對生命意義感的正向效果。 研究結果顯示：生活滿意度、知覺子女可安全依附程度和未來時間觀三個變項都對高齡者的生命意義感具有顯著正向作用效果，並且對生命意義感的三個子向度（自我評價、自我期望與實踐、家庭成就與和諧）皆具有正向影響。在調節效果檢驗上，高齡者知覺子女可安全依附程度對生活滿意度和生命意義感關係具有正向調節效果。檢視對生命意義感三個子向度的效果時，可以看到知覺子女可安全依附程度僅調節了生活滿意度至生命意義感之「自我評價」和「家庭成就與和諧」兩個子向度的效果。即當知覺子女可安全依附程度高的時候，生活滿意度才能影響生命意義感之「自我評價」和「家庭成就與和諧」強度。未來時間觀僅調節生活滿意度至生命意義感之「自我期望與實踐」之子向度的效果，而且是當未來時間觀低的時候，生活滿意度才能影響生命意義感之「自我期望與實踐」強度。最後針對研究結果進行討論，並提出本研究的貢獻、限制和未來研究方向。; According to the accelerated population aging in Taiwan, the issue of how to improve the sense of life and life satisfaction of the elderly has become more and more important in recent years. Most of the past literatures show that there is a positive relationship between life satisfaction and life meaning in the elderly, but this study believes that the perceived security by attaching to adult children and the future time perspective will moderate the relationship between life satisfaction and life meaning. This study selected 172 elders aged over 60 years old in the Greater Taipei area as a sample. The results show that the three variables of life satisfaction, perceived security by attaching to adult children and future time perspective have significant positive effect on the life meaning of the elderly, and three sub-dimensions of life sense (self-evaluation) , self-expectation and practice, family achievement and harmony) all get positive effect. The child's safe attachment degree has a positive adjustment effect on the relationship between life satisfaction and life sense. Focusing on the effects of three sub-dimensions on the meaning of life, we can see that perceived security by attaching to adult children only moderates the two sub-dimensions of 'self-evaluation' and 'family achievement and harmony' from life satisfaction to meaning of life. Future time perspective only moderates the effect of the sub-dimension of “self-expectation and practice” from life satisfaction to the meaning of life. Finally, the research results are discussed, and the contributions, limitations and future research directions of this research are proposed. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74904 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z