http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/57 2026-03-24T20:35:21Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/36387 標題: Ｂ介子至強子二體稀有衰變之量測與Ｂ介子衰變至Ｋ介子與π介子的直接電荷宇稱對稱破壞之證據; Measurement of Charmless Hadronic Two-Body Rare B Meson Decays and Evidence of Direct CP Violation in B -> K+pi- at Belle 作者: Yuan Chao; 趙元 摘要: 基於Belle偵測器所收集到253/fb的資料，我們量測了B介子至不含魅夸克的強子之稀有二體衰變，其中包含了K與π介子兩種強子。在這些衰變模式中，測量了它們衰變分支比以及直接電荷宇稱的不對稱性。基於3.9個標準差，我們得到了Ｂ介子衰變至Ｋ介子與π介子的直接電荷宇稱對稱破壞之證據。同時，以5.8個標準差的信心水準，我們觀測到了Ｂ介子衰變至兩個中性π介子的衰變模式。; With integrated luminosity 253/fb data acquired at Belle, we have studied two body charmless hadronic B-> h h decay modes, where h stands for charged or neutral K/pi mesons. Among these modes, we have measured the branching fractions and charge asymmetries. The evidence of charge asymmetry for B^0 -> K^+pi^- is found with 3.9 sigma and the branching fraction of B^0 -> pi^0 pi^0 is observed with 5.8 sigma standard deviation from zero. 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/18192 標題: ﰑﰎﰙﰚﰛﰜﰝﰞﰟﰠﰡﰢﰣﰤﰑﰥﰦﰧﰨﰑﰎﰙﰚﰛﰜﰝﰞﰟﰠﰡﰢﰣﰤﰑﰥﰦﰧﰨﰩ化學探針的設計與合成及其在生化方面之應用; Design, synthesis and evaluation of chemical probes for biochemical applications 作者: Yu-Ling Hsu; 許玉羚 摘要: 化學探針能選擇性地標示目標蛋白質，為近代蛋白質體學上其中一種強力不可或缺的工具。本論文合成和設計幾種重要目標蛋白的化學探針，並介紹其發展及在生化方面的應用。第一部分針對蛋白激酶的結構特性設計的二個探針分子庫，皆以平行合成的組合式化學建構：第一個探針分子庫具有5'對苯磺醯氟腺苷和生物素標籤；第二個分子庫以3'疊氮去氧胸苷和腺苷為架構，接上三種親電子基。主架構的疊氮結構使其為一天然標籤基團。二個探針分子庫針對蛋白激酶的標示效能也在本論文進行驗証和比較。 穿心蓮內酯為一多功能的抗發炎和抗癌藥物，但相關的抑制機制卻還未完全明暸，因此建構具螢光團的穿心蓮內酯探針有助於進行生理中抑制和抗癌機制的追蹤和研究。第二部分合成和設計天然物穿心蓮內酯的可穿透細胞螢光探針，第一個可穿透細胞穿心蓮內酯螢光探針的合成經驗也有助於未來此類探針或抑制劑的開發和改良。本論文也合成α-L-岩藻糖苷酶醌甲基生成機制活性探針，以鹼催化置換β變旋異構物成α結構的關鍵中間體，並進而合成帶有螢光團的可穿透細胞; Development of small-molecular tools which selectively react with designated protein families has been found powerful in modern functional proteomics. In this dissertation, we evaluated two kinase probe libraries according to the structure and functions of protein kinases. The first library adopted a 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyl adenosine (5'-FSBA) skeleton and a biotin reporter. The second library explored a novel molecular framework by attaching three kind of electrophilic warheads on 3'-azido 2', 3'-dideoxy base (AZT and AZA) recognition unit. The azido group at 3' position is a native clickable tag without further modification. The labeling performances of these two probe libraries toward kinases were compared. Despite the therapeutic importance of this multifunctional herbal compound Andrographolide, the inhibition and regulation mechanism are still ambiguious. Herein, we designed a novel andrographolide-based, cell permeable fluorescent probe for in vivo identification of target proteins participating in related cancer or diseases. This first-time synthesized Andrographolide-based, cell permeable fluorescent probe provide valuable information for the synthesis method in the future. In addition, cell-permeable activity-based probes for α-L-fucosidase were evaluated by the key base-promoted epimerization step. These two probes carrying mono or difluoromethylphenyl group would generate reactive quinone methide as a trapping device after hydrolysis. In the last part, quantitative isotope-coded azido tags were synthesized and applied to detect the level of S-nitrosylation proteome with drug treatment. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/36742 標題: 龜山島高鎂安山岩之岩漿成因; Generation of high-Mg andesites in the Kueishantao volcano, the southernmost part of the Okinawa Trough 作者: Chiu-Hong Chu; 朱秋紅 摘要: 菲律賓海板塊以每年大約七公分的速度向西北方隱沒至歐亞大陸板塊下方，形成了琉球島弧及沖繩海槽弧後盆地，根據Chung et al. (2000) 的研究，沖繩海槽最南部分 (Southernmost Part of Okinawa Trough, SPOT) 不是一般認定的單純的弧後盆地，因此有島弧火山噴發所造成的龜山島座落其中。過去傳統上將龜山島火山岩歸類為典型的島弧鈣鹼系列安山岩 (SiO2 ≈ 60 wt.%) ，但本研究顯示若干岩樣的鎂含量較高 (MgO ≥ 5 wt.%) ，可視為高鎂安山岩，本研究中擬利用詳細的地球化學資料結合地球物理證據，探討此種岩石的成因。在微量元素組成上，龜山島高鎂安山岩具有富集的大離子岩石圈 (Cs,Rb,Ba) 、釷、鈾及鉛等元素，以及虧損的高場力鍵結元素 (Nb,Ta,Ti) ，與世界其他地區的島弧岩漿顯示相似的特性；此外，它們的主量和微量元素成份和Rudnick and Fountain (1995) 所提出的平均大陸地殼的組成近乎相同。在同位素組成上，龜山島高鎂安山岩具有低的釹同位素 (εNd ≈ –4.3 〜 –5.0)、高的鍶同位素 (87Sr/86Sr ≈ 0.706) 及鉛同位素比值 (206Pb/204Pb ≈ 18.76, 207Pb/204Pb ≈ 15.69, 208Pb/204Pb ≈ 39.06)，似乎反映了明顯的大陸地殼訊號。然而，歸納以上所有地球化學資料，本研究發現龜山島高鎂安山岩無法利用傳統上認為的基性岩漿的結晶分異加上地殼混染 (AFC) 模式解釋，而更可能是由隱沒的菲律賓海洋板塊加上沉積物熔融所形成。地球化學模擬計算結果顯示的岩漿成因過程為：隱沒的沉積物及海板塊分別發生部份熔融，這兩種岩漿以大約1：1的比率混合後，再與地幔楔以9：1的比率發生岩漿─地幔楔交互作用，即可造成龜山島高鎂安山岩。這樣的岩漿成因模式需要一個特殊的熱源，可能與SPOT的地體環境有關；而地震層析成像研究報導，在本地區隱沒帶的四十公里深處有一個明顯的低速區，與本研究所推測的部份熔融作用吻合。; Kueishantao is an emerged volcanic islet located at the western end of the Southernmost Part of Okinawa Trough (SPOT). The Okinawa Trough, extending from SW Kyushu, Japan to NE Taiwan, is widely regarded as a backarc basin that is built behind the Ryukyu arc-trench system owing to subduction of the Philippine Sea plate underneath the Eurasian plate. The SPOT, however, is not a simple backarc basin but an embryonic rift zone in which early arc volcanism occurs as a result of the Ryukyu subduction. The Kueishantao is one of such volcanoes thus formed in the SPOT and consists mainly of andesitic lava flows dated to be ~7000 yr old. In this study, we report whole rock major and trace element, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions of the Kueishantao andesites. The results indicate that some of the samples have unexpectedly high magnesium, with MgO ≥ 5 wt.% and Mg# > 0.5, relative to their silica contents (SiO2 ≈ 60 wt.%), which allow them to be coined as high-Mg andesites (HMAs). In the incompatible element variation diagram, these Kueishantao HMAs exhibit enrichments in the large ion lithophile elements and Th, U and Pb, and depletions in the high field strength elements, features typical of arc lavas from the Ryukyu subduction zone as well as convergent margins worldwide. More interestingly, their overall geochemical compositions are very similar to those of the mean continental crust proposed by Rudnick and Fountain (1995). The Kueishantao HMAs have uniform isotope compositions, with low εNd (–4.3 to –5.0), high Sr (87Sr/86Sr ≈ 0.706) and Pb (18.76, 15.69 and 39.06 of 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb, respectively) ratios. Such “continental” isotopic signatures have led previous workers to argue significant crustal contamination during magma ascent as a major petrogenetic process, but our evaluation shows that this simple binary mixing model fails to explain their geochemical and Pb isotope systematics. We propose, instead, that the Kueishantao HMAs result from partial melting of the altered Philippime sea crust and overlying subducting sediments, followed by a melt-mantle wedge interaction. This interpretation is in consistency with seismic tomographic data beneath the SPOT area characterized by a complex collision/extension/subduction tectonic context off NE Taiwan. 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30577 標題: 龜山島火山岩之岩漿演化及其構造上的隱示; Magmatic Evolution of Volcanic Rocks in Kueishantao and Its Tectonic Implication 作者: Ching-Lung Chiu; 邱清龍 摘要: 龜山島位於沖繩海槽最西南端，是北台灣最年輕的火山，其最後一次噴發年代約為7 ka (Chen et al., 2001)。朱秋紅（2005）將MgO＞5 wt.%的龜山島火山岩視為高鎂安山岩。然而，典型的高鎂安山岩（Crawford et al.,1989; Tatsumi and Maruyama,1989; Tatsumi and Hanyu, 2003），如：玻安岩（Boninites）及瀨戶內海高鎂安山岩（Setouchi HMAs），兩者的氧化鎂、鎳和鉻含量均較龜山島高鎂安山岩高，且龜山島火山所處的地體環境是否能提供高鎂安山岩的形成，仍有待商榷，故將龜山島含鎂量較高的火山岩歸類為高鎂安山岩可能較不適當。因此，筆者根據氧化鎂的含量，將龜山島火山岩可劃分成兩群：I型安山岩（MgO＜4.5wt.%）及II型安山岩（MgO＞4.5wt.%）。I型安山岩分布於岩層的下半部，II型安山岩則分布在岩層的上半部，顯示龜山島的岩漿性質由早期的正常島弧岩漿轉變為後期具有較高MgO含量的岩漿。從微量元素分析結果顯示，除了II型安山岩具有較高之鎳（Ni）、鉻（Cr）含量外，其餘微量元素含量大致皆與I型安山岩相近。I型安山岩和II型安山岩的隕石標準化稀土元素分布圖（REE Pattern）和整體不相容元素分布圖（Spidergram）均具有極相似的型態，均呈現銪(Eu)元素負異常、富集的輕稀土元素(LREE) 和大離子岩石圈元素(LILE)，以及虧損的高場力元素(Ti, Nb, Ta)。另外，從龜山島鑽井岩芯觀察結果顯示，上半部岩層具有較多的上部地殼之捕獲岩，而下半部岩層則含有較少之捕獲岩，意味著II型安山岩可能受到相當程度的地殼混染作用，而I型安山岩則可能僅受輕微地殼混染作用的影響。本研究利用地殼混染（crustal contamination）及結晶分化（fractional crystallization）的觀念，配合龜山島地區的大地構造資料，建立龜山島火山岩的岩漿演化模式： 1. I型安山岩可能由玄武岩質岩漿經歷約45%的結晶分化作用而成； 2. II型安山岩則因受到南沖繩海槽擴張的影響，玄武岩質岩漿可快速上升，岩漿因而僅受輕微的結晶分化作用，並且在上升的過程捕獲上部地殼物質，受到約15∼25%的地殼混染作用，如此可形成II型安山岩。; Kueishantao (KST) is a young volcanic island located at the southernmost part of the Okinawa Trough. It is mainly composed of andesitic lava flows and pyroclastic flows. Based on major-element geochemistry, KST andesites can be divided into two subgroups, in which Type I Andesites are defined as possessing lower MgO and SiO2, and Type II Andesites possessing higher MgO and SiO2. In general, both of them reveal similar trace-element compositions except that Type II Andesites exhibit high Ni and Cr contents. In primitive-mantle-normalized incompatible element diagram and chondrite-normalized REE pattern, Type I and II Andesites have highly similar patterns. They are characterized by enrichment of large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and Th, U and Pb, and depletion of high field strength elements (HFSEs). Type I Andesites are in the lower part of core, and Type II Andesites are distributed in the topper part, indicating that KST magmatic evolution from low MgO magmas transferring into high MgO magmas. The amount of xenoliths in the drill cores increases from the bottom to the top, inferring that the degree of crustal contamination increases progressively. Base on the combination of results of chemical analyses, isotopic compositions and petrographic observation, we propose that magmatic evolution of KST is as follows. Firstly, Type I Andesites were produced by about 45% fractional crystallization of basaltic magmas, which were derived from melting of the mantle wedge induced by hydrous fluids released during dehydration reactions in the subducting Philippine oceanic lithosphere, prior to the opening of the southern Okinawa Trough. Secondly, as a result of the opening of the Okinawa Trough, quick ascending of magma may shorten its storage time in magma chamber and experienced less fractional crystallization. Finally, magma assimilated the continental crust materials (about 15-25%) during it ascended through the upper continental crust and then produced Type II Andesites. 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z