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高風險性的虛擬空間？臺灣男同志使用手機交友軟體的愛滋風險與避險策略

2026-07-22T13:07:06Z

標題: 高風險性的虛擬空間？臺灣男同志使用手機交友軟體的愛滋風險與避險策略 ; HIV/AIDS Risks and Risk Reduction Strategies of the Users of Gay Geosocial Networking Apps in Taiwan 作者: Yi-Ren Lin; 林奕任摘要: 　　根據臺灣衛生福利部疾病管制署（Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan CDC）的統計資料，近年來，臺灣每年新增的愛滋感染者以年輕男性為主，主要危險因子是男性間的不安全性行為。與此同時，社群網站和手機交友軟體等虛擬空間已成為男同志社群中的主要交友管道，取代傳統的公園、酒吧及三溫暖等實體空間。先前的量化研究對於男同志手機交友軟體上的愛滋風險有不同的看法，同樣將交友軟體的使用者與未使用交友軟體者相比，有研究指出前者有較高的愛滋感染盛行率，亦有研究指出相反的結果，與使用者較可能採取降低風險的行為，例如較常使用保險套、進行愛滋篩檢等相關。在這樣看似矛盾的研究結果背後顯示，手機交友軟體為臺灣當代男同志社群帶來了更便捷的交友模式，能夠連結更廣大的虛擬社群的同時，是否也帶來某些隱憂？　　本研究於 2020 年 4 月至 8 月間，透過半結構式深度訪談和參與式觀察，以立意抽樣與滾雪球抽樣的方式招募 15 位男同志手機交友軟體的使用者進行訪談，其中包含 11 位非愛滋感染者以及 4 位愛滋感染者，並在臺北市內使用 Hornet 和 Grindr 兩款交友軟體進行參與式觀察。本研究以「男同志使用手機軟體交友如何增加／減低男同志感染愛滋或遭逢愛滋污名的風險？」作為問題意識，探索以男同志為主的男性間性行為者在交友軟體上遭逢了怎樣的愛滋風險環境？在這樣的風險環境中，男同志有怎樣不同的認知？男同志在使用交友軟體的實作過程中，發展出了怎樣的策略，來面對可能遭遇的愛滋感染風險？愛滋感染者又如何避免交友軟體上的愛滋污名風險？　　本研究的主要發現如下：一、男同志手機交友軟體 Grindr 相較於 Hornet，有較多使用娛樂性藥物的社群，因此使用者發展出的避險策略多與避免娛樂性藥物的使用有關；二、手機交友軟體的即時性和在地性使得性伴侶的配對快速，可能衍生愛滋風險，故使用者傾向於以取得潛在性伴侶的個人資訊和與潛在性伴侶建立關係的策略來降低風險；三、手機交友軟體大多具有標示使用者愛滋篩檢狀態的功能，但該功能的實際效用仍有待商榷；四、即使在手機交友軟體上，受到愛滋污名的影響，愛滋感染狀態的揭露仍然相當不易。　　依據主要發現，本研究提出以下建議：一、發展貼近男同志社群手機交友軟體使用生態的介入方案與政策；二、增進年輕族群對手機交友軟體上娛樂性藥物使用術語的認識；三、以手機交友軟體作為去愛滋污名化的平臺；四、從法律層面減少愛滋感染者選擇揭露感染狀態與否時的阻礙。; According to the statistical data of Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (CDC), men have been in majority of new cases of HIV infection in recent years. Among them, most cases are at the age of twenties and thirties, and the main risk factor is unprotected sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM). At the same time, traditional ways of making friends in gay community such as meeting in parks, bars or saunas have been replaced with social networking sites and gay geosocial networking apps. Some quantitative research showed that HIV prevalence was significantly higher among app users than non-app users, while other research showed the opposite results, which might be related to the fact that app-using MSM were more likely to have risk-reduction behaviors such as condom use and HIV testing. The inconsistent results not only implied that geosocial networking apps become a faster and more convenient way of making friends for the contemporary gay community in Taiwan and enable gay to have more connections with a vast virtual community, but also implied the apps might cause some potential problems. Nevertheless, in the process of using apps, what strategies are developed when they face possible risks? This research aimed to explore HIV risks and strategies of the users of gay geosocial networking apps and to answer the main question about “how the usage of geosocial networking apps as a way of socializing in gay community increases or decreases HIV infection/stigma risks?” The research was conducted through in-depth interviews and participatory observation, from April to August, 2020. Purposive sampling and snowball sampling were used for the interviews of 15 users of gay geosocial networking apps, including 11 HIV-negative and 4 HIV-positive participants. Participatory observations of two apps, Hornet and Grindr, were also made in Taipei. The main results were as follows: (1) More users of recreational drugs gathered on Grindr than Hornet, and thus the risk-reduction strategies from users were mostly associated with avoidance of recreational drug use. (2) Immediacy and locality were characteristics of apps, which resulted in faster matching made between sex partners and might cause higher HIV risks, and therefore the users tended to obtain personal information from and build relationships with potential sex partners to reduce HIV risks. (3) While apps mostly had the function of labeling the HIV status of users, the effect of the function was still unknown. (4) Disclosure of HIV-positive status through usage of apps was still not easy due to HIV stigma. The research finding suggested: (1) developing intervention programs and policies close to the experiences of using apps among gay community; (2) increasing the knowledge of terms of recreational drug use on apps in young gay community; (3) using apps as platforms to destigmatize HIV; (4) reducing barriers to disclosing HIV status for HIV-positive apps users from a legal perspective.

高中生外貌導向社群媒體意識經體重高估對問題飲食行為的影響：自尊之調節式中介效果分析

2026-08-28T16:13:27Z

標題: 高中生外貌導向社群媒體意識經體重高估對問題飲食行為的影響：自尊之調節式中介效果分析; The Impact of Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness on Problematic Eating among High School Students: The Moderated Mediation Role of Weight Overestimation and Self-Esteem 作者: 丁婕容; Jie-Rong Ting 摘要: 背景：問題飲食行為不僅是衍生成疾病的高風險前驅狀態，同時也與健康相關生活品質下降密切關聯。我國71.1%的國高中生對自己身型外觀感到不滿意，且57.8%的青少年認為自己該增重或減重才會達到心中完美的樣貌，社群媒體不只重塑大眾對身體意象的關注，人們也因經常接觸到理想化的照片以及社會比較的文化，進而產生越來越多的不滿足感、心理困擾以及問題飲食行為的風險。目的：本研究欲探討青少年外貌導向社群媒體意識(ASMC)、體重高估、自尊和問題飲食行為之關係。具體研究問題為：（1）探討高中生ASMC、體重高估、自尊與問題飲食行為之相關性（2）檢驗ASMC對高中生問題飲食行為之直接預測力（3）探討體重高估在ASMC與問題飲食行為間的中介作用（4）檢驗自尊在ASMC影響問題飲食行為路徑中的調節效果。方法：研究採次級資料分析，以新北市某高中786名學生為研究對象。首先以描述性統計了解樣本分布情形，接著使用廣義結構方程模型（Generalized Structural Equation Model, GSEM）來檢驗體重高估對ASMC與三種問題飲食行為的中介效果，最後再進一步討論自尊在ASMC與體重高估間，以及自尊在ASMC與問題飲食行為間是否具有調節效果。結果：ASMC對三種問題飲食行為皆有顯著的直接預測能力。在中介機制上，僅「認知約束飲食」路徑獲得支持，意即ASMC不只直接與認知約束飲食有所相關，參與者體重高估的程度也較高，並同時控制飲食以避免增重。在加入調節變項後，自尊僅顯著調節了ASMC對情緒性飲食行為的直接路徑，惟三個模型的調節中介指數皆未達統計上的顯著，調節式中介模型皆不成立。討論：研究發現體重高估在ASMC與認知約束飲食間扮演部分中介角色，意即媒體與社會壓力易使青少年產生錯誤的體重認知，進而引發節食與減食行為。然而，本研究的調節式中介模型皆並未成立，推測整體自尊可能不足以完全緩衝社群媒體外貌情境對問題飲食的負面影響。未來研究可進一步聚焦於社群媒體情境下，「外貌自尊」或其他的心理概念對不同飲食行為的具體作用機制。; Background: Problematic eating behaviors are not only high-risk precursors for developing diseases but are also closely associated with decreased health-related quality of life. In Taiwan, 71.1% of junior and senior high school students are dissatisfied with their body appearance, and 57.8% of adolescents believe they need to either gain or lose weight to achieve their ideal appearance. Social media has reshaped public attention toward body image; frequent exposure to idealized photos and a culture of social comparison have led to increasing dissatisfaction, psychological distress, and a heightened risk of problematic eating behaviors. Aims: This study aims to explore the relationships among adolescents’ appearance- related social media consciousness (ASMC), weight overestimation, self-esteem, and problematic eating behaviors. The specific research questions are: (1) To examine the correlations among ASMC, weight overestimation, self-esteem, and problematic eating behaviors in high school students. (2) To test the direct predictive power of ASMC on problematic eating behaviors among high school students. (3) To investigate the mediating role of weight overestimation in the relationship between ASMC and problematic eating behaviors. (4) To examine the moderating effect of self-esteem on the pathway through which ASMC influences problematic eating behaviors. Methods: This study uses secondary data analysis, with a sample of 786 students from a high school in New Taipei City. Descriptive statistics were first used to understand the sample distribution. Weight overestimation was then treated as a mediating variable to examine the effect of ASMC on disordered eating. Furthermore, the study explored whether self-esteem moderates the relationships between ASMC and weight overestimation, as well as between ASMC and problematic eating behaviors. Results: ASMC showed significant direct predictive power for all three types of problematic eating behaviors. Regarding the mediating mechanism, only the pathway of “cognitive restraint eating” was supported. This indicates that ASMC not only directly triggers cognitive restraint eating but also leads participants to develop cognitive bias in overestimating their weight, which in turn results in dieting behaviors. In terms of the moderated mediation model, self-esteem significantly moderated the direct pathway between ASMC and emotional eating behavior. In other words, individuals with higher self-esteem demonstrate greater emotional resilience when facing ASMC, thereby reducing the tendency to eat in response to negative emotions. Discussion: The findings indicate that weight overestimation partially mediates the relationship between ASMC and cognitive restraint in eating, suggesting that media and social pressures may lead adolescents to develop inaccurate perceptions of their body weight, which in turn may contribute to dieting and food-restriction behaviors. However, none of the moderated mediation models in the present study were supported. This may indicate that global self-esteem alone is insufficient to fully buffer the negative effects of social media–related appearance contexts on disordered eating. Future research could further investigate the specific mechanisms through which appearance-related self-esteem or other psychological constructs influence different types of eating behaviors in social media contexts.

青年約會暴力受害經驗在性少數與異性戀間的不平等：以憂鬱症狀為中介變項

2026-07-22T12:54:47Z

標題: 青年約會暴力受害經驗在性少數與異性戀間的不平等：以憂鬱症狀為中介變項 ; Disparities in dating violence victimization between LGB and heterosexual young adults: Depressive symptoms as a mediator 作者: Pei-Hsin Chen; 陳佩欣摘要: 研究背景：約會暴力是公共衛生領域中重要的健康議題，約會暴力的發生會導致許多負面的健康影響。在整個生命週期裡，性少數族群身份的人更有可能遭受親密伴侶的暴力行為，相較於國外對於性少數族群以及約會暴力議題的重視，在台灣對於此議題之相關研究甚少，在不同的文化背景影響下，值得我們進一步去探討。此外，性少數族群身份如何影響約會暴力受害機制目前尚不清楚，本研究進一步探討憂鬱症狀可能在約會暴力受害經驗裡的角色。研究目的：瞭解台灣性少數族群及異性戀族群約會暴力受害經驗之現況及探討性少數族群身份其約會暴力受害經驗之關係，並檢視憂鬱症狀的中介作用。研究方法：本研究依據文獻回顧之結果，以量性問卷作為研究工具，採取網路匿名自填形式，進行立意取樣，共蒐集1209份有效樣本，分別依性傾向或性接觸之性別分類作為自變項，憂鬱症狀作為中介變項，約會暴力受害經驗作為依變項，並透過描述性統計及中介作用分析進行假說檢定，並利用拔靴法（Bootstrapping methods）檢驗中介效果是否顯著。研究結果：性少數族群相於異性戀有較多的約會暴力受害，當研究樣本性傾向為男同性戀或只與同性發生過性接觸者其遭受過肢體約會暴力經驗的可能性較高。發現性傾向與性接觸之性別兩種性少數族群之定義結果並不一致。在性傾向為女同性戀者，相較於異性戀，會有較多的憂鬱症狀，進一步導致可能會有較高的精神、肢體、性約會暴力受害。在性接觸之性別為只與同性發生過性接觸，相較於只與異性發生過性接觸，會有較多的憂鬱症狀，進一步導致可能會有較高的精神、肢體、性約會暴力受害。結論：性少數族群與異性戀族群的約會暴力受害經驗有所不同，且性少數族群有較多的憂鬱症狀，憂鬱症狀與約會暴力受害有顯著相關，並發現憂鬱症狀可能是性少數族群有約會暴力受害經驗的中介因子。 ; Background: Dating violence is a significant health issue in the field of public health. The occurrence of dating violence can cause many negative health effects. Throughout the life cycle, people with sexual minorities are more likely to suffer from intimate partner violence. Compared with foreign countries’ emphasis on sexual minorities and dating violence issues, there is very little research on this issue in Taiwan. Under the influence of different cultural backgrounds, it is worthwhile for us to explore further. Also, it is still unclear how sexual minorities affect the victimization mechanism of dating violence. This study further explores the possible role of depression symptoms in the experience of dating violence victimization. Aim: To understand the current status of Taiwan’s sexual minorities and heterosexual groups’ experiences of victims of dating violence, explore the relationship between the state of sexual minorities and their experiences of victims of dating violence, and examine the mediating role of depression symptoms. Methods: This research uses quantitative questionnaires as research tools and takes the form of anonymous self-filling on the Internet to conduct purposeful sampling. A total of 1209 samples are valid, classified according to sexual orientation or gender of sexual contact. As an intermediary variable, depression symptoms are used as a mediating variable, and dating violence victimization experience is used as a dependent variable. Hypothesis tests are conducted through descriptive statistics and mediation analysis, and bootstrapping methods are used to test whether the mediation effect is significant. Results: Sexual minorities are more likely to suffer from dating violence than heterosexuals. When the study sample is gay men or those who have only had sex with the same sex, they are more likely to have experienced physical dating violence. It is found that the definitions of sexual orientation and sex of sexual minorities are not consistent. Compared with heterosexuals, lesbians have more depression symptoms, which may lead to higher mental, physical, and sexual dating violence. The sex of sexual contact is only having sexual contact with the same sex. Compared with only having sexual contact with the opposite sex, there will be more depression symptoms, which may further lead to higher mental, physical, and sexual dating violence victims. Conclusion: Sexual minorities and heterosexual groups have different experiences of victimization of dating violence, and sexual minorities have more depression symptoms, and depression symptoms are significantly related to the victimization of dating violence, and it is found that the depression symptoms may be that the sexual minorities have to date the mediating factor of violence victim experience.

青少年螢幕使用時間與物質使用之關聯：家長限制的中介角色

2026-08-28T16:14:18Z

標題: 青少年螢幕使用時間與物質使用之關聯：家長限制的中介角色; The Association Between Adolescent Screen Time and Substance Use: The Mediating Role of Parental Restriction 作者: 簡秀純; Hsiu-Chun Chien 摘要: 背景：隨著數位科技的快速發展，青少年螢幕使用時間大幅增加，影響其社會行為發展與行為風險，特別是物質使用行為。有鑒於家長數位教養是青少年成長中的關鍵，本研究旨在探討「家長限制」是否中介臺灣青少年螢幕使用時間與物質使用行為之間的關聯。方法：本縱貫性研究採用「臺灣數位世代青少年的成長歷程追蹤研究」（TIGPS）於 2023 年（第一波）及 2024 年（第二波）之數據。樣本具全國代表性，共納入 3,750 名從七年級追蹤至八年級的青少年。第一波的螢幕使用時間以六類螢幕使用時間的級距加總測量，第二波的物質使用行為涵蓋過去六個月內抽紙菸、抽電子煙、喝酒、嚼檳榔、雙重物質使用（使用兩類物質）及多重物質使用（使用三類或四類物質）之情形，第二波的家長限制則進行家長對孩子上網時間與時數長短的管控測量。本研究採用中介分析，在控制社會人口學變項的情況下，檢驗第一波螢幕使用時間與第二波物質使用行為之間的縱貫關聯，並探討第二波家長限制之中介效果。結果：研究發現，較高的螢幕使用時間與抽紙菸（aOR = 1.03, p < .01）、抽電子煙（aOR = 1.04, p < .001）、飲酒（aOR = 1.03, p < .001）及多重物質使用（aOR = 1.04, p < .001）呈正相關。研究結果亦指出，較高家長限制與較低物質使用的勝算相關，並在部分關聯中呈現顯著間接效果，包括抽紙菸（中介比例 = 35.48%）、抽電子煙（中介比例 = 18.32%）、飲酒（中介比例 = 12.39%）及多重物質使用（中介比例 = 23.65%）。因此，較高的家長限制與抽紙菸、抽電子煙、飲酒及多重物質使用的較低風險相關，然而在嚼檳榔與雙重物質使用方面，中介效應未達統計顯著。討論：本研究支持螢幕使用時間、家長限制與後續物質使用之間存在縱貫關聯。嚼檳榔的統計不顯著結果則顯示，特定成癮物質的使用在臺灣可能與其他社會或環境因素有關，而其和家長限制較無直接關係。研究結果顯示未來可加強以家庭為基礎的介入措施與早期預防策略，減輕物質使用風險，以期促進臺灣青少年的福祉。中介路徑仍需未來研究以三波資料驗證。; Introduction: With the rapid expansion of digital technology, adolescent screen time has dramatically increased, significantly influencing socio-behavioral development and behavioral risks, especially substance use. Given the pivotal role of parenting in adolescent development, this study examines whether parental restriction mediates the association between screen time and substance use behaviors among Taiwanese adolescents. Methods: This longitudinal study utilized Wave 1 and Wave 2 data that were collected in 2023 and 2024 from the Taiwan i-Generation Panel Study (TIGPS), a nationally representative survey involving a total of 3,750 adolescents followed from the 7th through 8th grades. Baseline screen time was measured as the sum of ordinal time categories at Wave 1, while Wave 2 substance use included past-six-month use of smoking, vaping, drinking alcohol, and chewing betel nuts, as well as dual-substance use, defined as the use of exactly two substances, and poly-substance use, defined as the use of three or more substances. Wave 2 parental restriction was assessed using items that evaluated parental control over the timing and duration of internet access. Mediation analysis was employed to examine longitudinal associations between baseline daily screen time at Wave 1 and subsequent substance use behaviors at Wave 2, with parental restriction at Wave 2 as the mediating variable, while controlling for Wave 1 demographic covariates. Results: Higher Wave 1 screen time is found to be associated with Wave 2 smoking (aOR = 1.03, p < .01), vaping (aOR = 1.04, p < .001), drinking alcohol (aOR = 1.03, p < .001), and poly-substance use (aOR = 1.04, p < .001). The findings also indicate that Wave 2 parental restriction showed significant indirect effects in the associations between screen time and several substance use outcomes such as smoking (% mediated = 35.48%), vaping (% mediated = 18.32%), drinking alcohol (% mediated = 12.39%), and poly-substance use (% mediated = 23.65%). Specifically, higher parental restriction is associated with lower risks of tobacco, e-cigarette, alcohol, and poly-substance use. However, the mediating effect was not statistically significant for chewing betel nuts and dual-substance use. Discussion: These results provide critical insights into how screen exposure contributes to adolescent substance use behaviors and highlight the protective role of parental restriction from adolescent screen time. The non-significant findings for chewing betel nuts suggest that certain substances in Taiwan may be associated with other social or environmental factors that are less sensitive to parental restriction. The study findings imply that the development of family-based interventions and early prevention strategies could be strengthened to mitigate substance use behaviors and promote well-being among adolescents in Taiwan.