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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 吳文中(Wen-Jong Wu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Cheng Norm Lien | en |
dc.contributor.author | 連育正 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-25T08:06:14Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-02 | |
dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2021-10-25 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/83049 | - |
dc.description.abstract | "機器學習(Machine Learning)在預測人類個體行為或了解社會群體意志的潛力與價值,愈來愈受到重視。基於此,本論文包含兩項運用機器學習的研究,一是運用序列模式探勘(sequence pattern mining)以解決如何引導學習者進入正確學習路徑的問題;另一是使用監督式機器學習(supervised machine learning)進行 Facebook 內容分析,發掘在 COVID-19 時代的公共衛生當局的外展、公眾參與和社會情緒等議題和圖像。茲分述如下。 研究一主題:在解決 STEM 教育中定義不明確的問題時,教師如何預測學生的行為:使用序列模式挖掘的解決方案 預測學習者在解決問題行為過程的動線,有助於為學習者(學生)提供足夠的指導,但這仍然是科學、技術、工程和數學 (STEM) 教育中的一個艱難挑戰。鑑於目前新興的數據挖掘技術大幅發展,但尚缺乏相關研究能用以支持指導者(教師)來有效預測學生面對不明確問題 (ill-defined problem, IDP) 時的處理程序,因此本研究旨在通過測量指導者和機器預測的相對品質來填補當今研究的不足,以做為未來利用專家系統指導學生學習STEM的基礎。本研究以 43 名小學教師在本研究設計的光路任務 (the light path task, LPT) 預測學習者在解決 IDP 時的逐步行動,然後將其預測品質與序列模式挖掘技術執行的機器預測的質量進行比較。從 501 名 11-12 歲的 5 年級和 6 年級學習者中收集了有關學習者行動方針的數據。結果表明,與機器預測相比,專家預測的準確率明顯較低,這突出了使用數據挖掘預測學習者行為的優勢,並顯示了其作為推薦系統在未來 STEM 教育中提供自適應指導的潛力和可能應用。 研究二主題:使用機器學習的 Facebook 內容分析:台灣、新加坡、美國和英國在 COVID-19 的前疫苗階段之疫情嚴重程度、公共衛生當局的外展、公眾參與和社會情緒 社交媒體對於傳播信息和影響公眾輿論至關重要,尤其是在面臨像是 2019 年的新冠狀病毒 (COVID-19) 這種前所未有對社會和人類的威脅時。政府將社交媒體用於外展(outreach)、公眾參與(public engagement)和社會情緒(social sentiment),不僅反映了公眾對政府的滿意度,還展示了對抗疾病的意識和努力。然而,由於先前的研究所採用的數據侷限在較短的時期和大量的評論無法以由人工分析的限制,許多重要信息因之流失,而突顯了進一步研究的必要性。本研究旨在探討公共衛生當局 (public health authorities, PHA) 的外展、公眾參與和社會情緒。本研究將比較PHAs的Facebook (FB) 貼文 (posts) 數量以代表其外展工作方面的努力,還比較其追隨者 (followers) 的評論 (comments),展示4個選擇研究對象:台灣、新加坡、美國和英國 (selected-four; S4) 的公眾參與和社會情緒之間的差異。研究並以機器學習進行主題歸類 (thematic classification),以解決舊有社會情意分析敏感性不足的問題。本研究對4個PHA官方FB頁面進行分析,提取2020年1月1日至2021年1月31日期間的3787條貼文和665,298條評論進行分析。使用自動機器情感分析獲得評論的情感極性 (sentiment polarity),並開發了一種機器學習方法,將評論分為六個主題。所獲得數據運用獨立樣本 Kruskal-Wallis檢定並採 Dunn-Bonferroni 事後檢驗分析。相關統計結果並和其確診病例數對照比較,以觀察疫情嚴重程度與社會情緒的關聯。 研究結果發現,研究中探討的各項主要變因均發現顯著差異。對於PHAs的外展努力部分,美國 > 新加坡和英國 (P = 0.009;P < 0.001),以及台灣 > 英國 (P < 0.001);對於公眾參與,新加坡和台灣 > 美國和英國 (分別為 P = 0.020 和 0.000,以及 P = 0.020 和 0.001);對於社會情緒,新加坡 > 美國和英國 (分別為 P < 0.001 和 P < 0.000)和台灣 > 英國 (P = 0.012)。此外,本研究發展的機器學習分類,表現出令人滿意的表現 (例如,真陽性 = 0.75)。採用此方法,進一步的主題分析下揭示了各主題中,S4 之間的公眾參與和社會情緒的顯著差異。在疫情嚴重程度方面,台灣最輕 (P < 0.002);不過卻發現,雖然新加坡的疫情嚴重程度較西方國家稍輕或相近,但在各個主題方面的社會情緒均明顯較為正面。這項研究揭示了公眾參與和社會情緒與疫情嚴重程度的關聯,此在之前的研究中並未獲得充分探討。本研究也深入探析 PHAs 的外展、公眾參與、社會情緒和流行病嚴重程度方面的一些差異,揭示了嚴重疫情期間不同社會的不同反應。最終,這項研究提出了其他 PHAs 可以用來分析外展工作和追隨者評論的影響的方法,能更有效的監測和調整健康保護措施和了解公眾的參與與社會情緒。 " | zh_TW |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-25T08:06:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-2410202123293100.pdf: 2621344 bytes, checksum: 80af6fd32d3b5702af0a5889a23d4ec3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | "Table of Contents 謝辭 i Abstract v Table of Contents vii List of Figures viii List of Tables x Study 1: How Well Do Teachers Predict Students’ Actions in Solving an Ill-Defined Problem in STEM education: A Solution Using Sequential Pattern Mining 1 Introduction 3 Theoretical Background 5 Research Methods 11 Results and Discussion 21 Conclusion 27 References 29 Study 2: Facebook Content Analysis Using Machine Learning: Public Health Authorities’ Outreach, Public Engagement, and Social Sentiment Considering Epidemic Severity amid Pre-vaccination COVID-19 Era in Taiwan, Singapore, US, and UK (S4) 33 Introduction 35 Methods 45 Results 53 Discussion 83 Conclusions 89 Appendix 1. Commands and Parameters of Selected Classifiers 95 References 97" | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 循序樣型探勘在引導使用者解決問題和主題分類的機器學習在社群媒體內容分析的方法 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Methods of Sequential Pattern Analysis for Guiding Learning Problem-Solving and Machine-Learning Thematic Classification for Social-Media Content Analysis | en |
dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李世光(Hsin-Tsai Liu),張瑞益(Chih-Yang Tseng),林致廷,梁文耀 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 數據探勘,不明確的問題,機器預測,問題解決,序列模式探勘,教師效能,流行病嚴重程度,COVID-19,公共衛生當局,外展,公共參與,社會情緒,機器學習,主題分類, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | data mining,ill-defined problem,machine prediction,problem-solving,sequential pattern mining,teacher effectiveness,epidemic severity,COVID-19,public health authority,outreach,public engagement,social sentiment,machine learning,thematic classification, | en |
dc.relation.page | 101 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202104101 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2021-10-26 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 工程科學及海洋工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
dc.date.embargo-lift | 2023-10-25 | - |
顯示於系所單位: | 工程科學及海洋工程學系 |
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