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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 張耀乾(Yao-Chien Alex Chang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Pei-Bo Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳培波 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T05:59:11Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2024-02-19 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2019-02-19 | |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2019-02-14 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/71346 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 文心蘭 (Oncidesa spp.) 是臺灣最重要的切花作物之一,2017年出口產值達1196萬美金。然而文心蘭業者面臨產量高峰期 (5-6月和9-12月) 導致切花售價低的問題,因此迫切尋找簡單有效的產期調節方法。文心蘭切花主要外銷至日本,其採後生理研究重要,但文心蘭的花朵展開機制和採後花序內養分變化運移相關科學研究尚缺,又因文心蘭乃總狀花序,增加研究上難度。
本研究的試驗一係對台中和雲林地區文心蘭 (Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’) 進行週年性除芽處理 (一種操作簡易的產期調節方式),探討對其後續生長、開花及產期的影響。結果發現兩地區除芽後,總芽體數上升,主要是因為除芽促進前二代莖上芽體之萌發。儘管除芽處理對文心蘭的新生假球莖和開花品質產生一定的負面影響,包括新生假球莖變小、花序高度下降和分支數減少等,仍有部分月份 (台中11月、雲林4、6和9月) 的除芽植株切花等級上升,可能與試驗選取生長旺盛的年輕植株相關。比較兩地區產期差異時,發現兩地溫度差異乃重要影響因素。若以避開產期高峰期為目的,夏季時期,於台中栽培之植株可在6月中進行除芽,而雲林之植株則需提前到5月中至6月中;冬季時期,台中業者可在10月中對植株進行除芽,雲林業者則需延後至10月底至11月底進行。 本研究的試驗二從碳水化合物角度瞭解文心蘭‘Honey Angel’花朵展開機制。隨著花苞成熟膨大至展開,它的鮮重、乾重和鮮乾重比上升,並伴隨著葡萄糖和果糖濃度上升,蔗糖、水溶性多醣濃度維持穩定,而澱粉濃度在花朵展開後大幅上升。觀察單一花苞在瓶插期間 (瓶插液為100 mg·L-1 8-HQC ,未供應其他外源碳水化合物) 的展開過程,其鮮重、乾重、鮮乾重比、葡萄糖和果糖濃度上升。花苞水溶性多醣濃度在瓶插8天後呈顯著下降趨勢,而澱粉濃度則未下降。可溶性醣類濃度的上升一方面源於水溶性多醣水解,另一方面則是從其他組織器官獲取額外碳水化合物。 試驗三和試驗四之目的為瞭解文心蘭‘Honey Angel’切花採後在無外源碳水化合物供應下,花序上花苞、已開放小花和花莖間營養物質競爭運移之關係。在瓶插的後期 (瓶插日大於11天),下位已展開小花的存在可增加上位花苞展開數,但上位花苞的存在使下位已展開小花凋落嚴重,顯示營養物質由下位已展開小花運移至上位花苞之可能性。在瓶插的前期 (瓶插日小於8天),主花莖則是上位花苞的主要碳水化合物的供源。雖下位已展開小花可作為上位花苞之供源,但當有主花莖存在時它會與上位花苞競爭主花莖之碳水化合物。 本論文之除芽試驗可為台灣文心蘭業者提供產期調節的實務資訊;花朵展開機制和花序內營養物質運移的研究是文心蘭採後生理的重要基礎研究。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Oncidesa is one of the most important cut flowers in Taiwan, which generated an export value of 11.96 million USD in 2017. Low sale price in the high-peak harvest seasons (May-June and September-December) is a serious problem faced by growers in Taiwan. Therefore, finding an effective flowering regulation method is needed. On the other hand, research of postharvest physiology on Oncidesa cut flower is very important, since most of Oncidesa cut flowers produced in Taiwan are exported to Japan. Till now, no reference is available on the floret opening mechanism and nutrient mobilization within inflorescence in Oncidesa. Furthermore, related researches on Oncidesa are much more difficult because its inflorescence is a raceme.
To comprehensively understand the effect of new shoots excision on the growth, flowering and production period of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’, year-round new shoot excision was carried out in Taichung and Yunlin in the first experiment of this thesis. Results showed that new shoots excision treatment increased number of total vegetative buds in both districts, attributed to the emergence of vegetative buds from the second back shoot stimulated by new shoots excision. Although new shoots excision treatment did have some negative effects on the newly grown pseudobulb and inflorescence, including diminishing the growth of newly grown pseudobulb, shortening inflorescence height, and decline in the number of branches, cut flowers grading of excision-treated plants in several months occasionally increased (compared with their controls), which might be due to young and vigorous growing plants used in this experiment. We also found that temperature difference in Taichung and Yunlin is a key factor influencing the production period difference between the two districts. For the purpose of avoiding high-peak harvest seasons, new shoots excision treatment can be done on mid-June in Taichung during summer, same treatment should be advanced to mid-May to mid-June in Yunlin. In winter, growers in Taichung can perform new shoots excision in mid-October, while growers in Yunlin are suggested to do the excision in late-October but before mid-November to achieve the same flowering regulation effect. In the second experiment of this thesis, we focused on the floret opening mechanism from the perspective of carbohydrate metabolism. With the bud maturing and opening, its fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), FW/DW ratio, concentration of glucose and fructose rose continuously, while concentrations of sucrose and water soluble polysaccharides stayed stable. In addition, concentration of starch increased dramatically after buds opened. With the opening of a single flower buds, while inflorescence was keeping in 100 mg·L-1 8-HQC vase solution (without any exogenous carbohydrate), its FW, DW, FW/DW ratio, concentrations of glucose and fructose increased continuously. Since concentration of starch did not decrease after 8 days, the increase soluble carbohydrates came from the breakdown of water soluble polysaccharides, or carbohydrates transported from other tissues and organs. The third and fourth experiments were done to understand carbohydrate translocation/competition among buds, opened florets, and stalk within an Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ inflorescence, in the case of without any exogenous carbohydrate supplement. We found that the existence of basal florets improved the opening of upper buds in the late vase days (more than 11 days), but basal opened florets withered severely if upper buds existed in the inflorescence, which indicated nutrient might transport from basal opened florets to upper buds. During the early vase days (within 8 days), main stalk was a major carbohydrate source for upper buds. Although basal opened florets can be a carbohydrate source to upper buds in the late phase, it competed with upper buds for carbohydrates, when main stalk was an available source within an inflorescence. New shoot excision experiment in this thesis providates useful information to Oncidesa growers in Taiwan. Experiments about florets opening mechanism and nutrients mobilization within an inflorescence are important basic researches in post-harvest physiology in Oncidesa. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T05:59:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R04628131-1.pdf: 4681003 bytes, checksum: 16f371348c434bc4b6f9d4a2c84ee395 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄 (Contents)
致謝 (Acknowledgment) i 摘要 ii Abstract iv 表目錄 (List of tables) xi 圖目錄 (List of figures) xiii 前言 (Introduction) 1 前人研究 (Literature review) 3 一、文心蘭之生理形態構造與生育週期 3 二、文心蘭之產期調節 3 (一) 磷肥及生長調節劑對文心蘭產期之影響 3 (二) 除花梗和除芽對文心蘭產期之影響 4 三、環境因子對文心蘭生長和開花之影響 5 (一) 溫度 5 (二) 光度和補光 5 四、文心蘭的假球莖與植株養分分配 5 (一) 文心蘭的假球莖 5 (二) 文心蘭假球莖的水分貯藏功能 6 (三) 文心蘭假球莖的養分貯藏功能和植株養分分配 6 (四) 碳水化合物 6 五、花朵展開過程中的碳水化合物變化及細胞壁變化 9 (一) 花朵展開過程中碳水化合物代謝和水分關係變化 9 (二) 花朵展開過程中細胞壁變化 10 六、花序內碳水化合物運移 11 七、光質對植物生長和開花的影響 12 (一) 藍光對植物生長和開花的影響 12 (二) 紅光和遠紅光對植物生長和開花的影響 13 材料與方法 (Material and Methods) 14 一、試驗材料 14 二、試驗設計 15 試驗一 除芽作業對文心蘭生長和開花之影響 15 試驗二 以碳水化合物的角度探討文心蘭花朵展開機制 15 試驗三 以花朵、花苞數變化探討文心蘭花序內營養物質運移 16 試驗四 以花苞鮮乾重和碳水化合物變化探討文心蘭花序內碳水化合物之運移 17 試驗五 紅、藍和白LED對文心蘭花序生長之影響 19 三、碳水化合物測定 19 結果 (Results) 26 試驗一 除芽作業對文心蘭生長和開花之影響 26 (一) 除芽對植株芽體數及其分佈的影響 26 (二) 除芽對植株產期的影響 26 (三) 除芽對文心蘭‘Honey Angel’新生假球莖之影響 28 (四) 除芽對文心蘭‘Honey Angel’開花品質之影響 28 試驗二 以鮮重、乾重和碳水化合物變化探討文心蘭花朵展開機制 29 (一) 花苞和下位已展開小花的鮮重、乾重和鮮乾重比 29 (二) 儲存性碳水化合物測定流程和最適酸水解條件 30 (三) 花苞/花朵碳水化合物變化 31 試驗三 以花朵、花苞數變化探討文心蘭花序內營養物質運移 32 (一) 新展開小花數 32 (二)已展開小花的凋落數 32 試驗四 以花苞鮮乾重和碳水化合物變化探討文心蘭花序內碳水化合物之運移 33 (一) 新展開小花數 33 (二) 上位花苞 (-1、-2、-3和-4位點的總和) 乾重變化 33 (三) 上位花苞 (-1、-2、-3和-4位點的總和) 鮮重和鮮乾重比變化 33 (四) 不同位點花苞鮮重、乾重和鮮乾重比變化 34 (五) 不同位點花苞可溶性醣變化 34 (六) 下位已展開小花可溶性醣變化 36 (七) 不同位點花苞儲存性碳水化合物變化 36 (八) 下位已展開小花儲存性碳水化合物變化 38 試驗五 紅、藍和白LED對文心蘭花序生長之影響 38 (一) 花莖形態、高度、分支和小花 38 (二) 其他 39 討論 (Discussion) 40 一、除芽作業對文心蘭芽體數及其分佈之影響 40 二、除芽作業對文心蘭新生假球莖及開花品質之影響 40 三、除芽作業在台中和雲林地區產期調節應用之比較 41 四、文心蘭‘Honey Angel’花苞的儲存性碳水化合物測定流程和最適酸水解條件 42 五、文心蘭花朵展開機制 43 六、細胞壁代謝於文心蘭花朵展開機制之可能性 46 七、主花莖對上位花苞和下位已展開小花之影響 47 八、下位已展開小花對上位花苞之影響 48 九、紅、藍和白LED對文心蘭花序生長之影響 49 結論 (Conclusion) 51 參考文獻 (References) 52 表 (Tables) 57 圖 (Figures) 78 附錄 (Appendix) 99 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 除芽對文心蘭生長與開花之影響及文心蘭切花內碳水化合物之運移 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Effects of Shoot Excision on the Growth and Flowering of Oncidesa & Carbohyd6rate Mobilization within Detached Inflorescence of Oncidesa | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 107-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王恆隆(Heng-Long Wang),李國譚(Kuo-Tan Li),蔡媦婷(Wei-Ting Tsai) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 文心蘭,除芽,花朵展開機制,碳水化合物,養分運移,LED, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Oncidesa,new shoots excision,floret opening mechanism,carbohydrate,nutrient mobilization,LED, | en |
dc.relation.page | 107 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201900555 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2019-02-14 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 園藝暨景觀學系 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 園藝暨景觀學系 |
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