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???org.dspace.app.webui.jsptag.ItemTag.dcfield??? | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 鍾仁賜(Ren-Shih Chung) | |
dc.contributor.author | Tien-Ning Tsai | en |
dc.contributor.author | 蔡天寧 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T04:16:58Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2014-08-25 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2014-08-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2014-08-20 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 楊盛行,賴朝明。2001。發展推廣農業部門溫室氣體減量技術。國立臺灣大學農業化學系。
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/55681 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 生物炭 (biochar) 為進行生質能源的過程中,生物質經過高溫裂解後產生富含碳的物質,因難以被微生物降解,掩埋於土壤可長期的增加碳蓄存 (carbon sequestration)。將生物炭施用於土壤中,有許多不同的影響,其中生物炭降低溫室氣體釋放機制尚不明確,由於土壤氣體的釋放與微生物有密切相關,因此,本研究利用土壤分層箱進行離地試驗,探討生物炭的添加對土壤微生物群落結構及與氧化亞氮生成合相關基因之影響。本試驗使用茶樹枝條生物炭配合有機質肥料設定控制土壤組 (control soil, C)、有機質肥料土壤組 (fertilization soil, F)、控制土壤生物炭組 (control soil with biochar, CB) 及有機質肥料土壤生物炭組 (fertilization soil with biochar, FB) 四種處理。土壤分層箱置於室溫孵育60天,第0、30及60天收取土壤樣品。土壤微生物分析包含菌落數、土壤酵素活性、變性梯度膠體電泳及磷脂質脂肪酸。氧化亞氮生合成相關基因選擇nosZ、norB以及nirS,利用PCR及電泳測定基因表現量。結果顯示,添加生物炭可有效提升土壤菌落數及去氫酶活性,說明生物炭能有效促進土壤微生物的生長。由於生物炭可提升土壤之酸鹼值,因此,CB及FB處理的酸性磷酸脂酶活性顯著較低。由變性梯度膠體電泳結果顯示,生物炭的施用會改變細菌結構,而真菌結構的改變受有機質肥料影響較大。而氧化亞氮基因表現結果中,nosZ的基因量在添加生物炭的處理組中有增加的趨勢,而norB的基因量則下降,此兩基因量的變化可能為生物炭的添加具有降低氧化亞氮釋放的潛在因素之一。利用土壤分層箱進行的離地試驗結果為,添加生物炭可促進土壤微生物生長、改變細菌群落結構、提升nosZ基因量及降低norB基因量。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Biochar is a carbon (C) rich material produced by the thermo-chemical pyrolysis of biomass, a final product of bioenergy production. It is being considered as a potentially significant means of C sequestration for long periods to mitigate greenhouse gases. Biochar has been described as a soil conditioner and also decreased N2O and CH4 emission. Microbial activities play an important role in soil gas synthase, thus the mechanism of soil greenhouse gases reduction by addition of biochar, which remained unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of biochar amendment on soil microbial growth, activity and community structure, as well as in the abundance of nosZ and norB genes. Four treatments have been designed, including control soil (C), control soil with biochar (CB), fertilization soil (F) and fertilization soil with biochar (FB). Soil microbial growth and activity were measured by plate counting and soil enzyme activities, while microbial community structure were analyzed by phospholipid fatty acids and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Used PCR and electrophoresis to hemi-quantify the selected genes. The results showed that biochar application not only significant enhanced the growth and activity of microbes but also changed bacterial community structure after 60 days incubation. Analysis of N2O-related genes revealed that biocahr could increase nosZ gene abundant and decrease norB gene amount. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T04:16:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-103-R01623013-1.pdf: 1993121 bytes, checksum: 47584ff36bc619055d7993ed0ca5cab5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝誌 ………………………………………………………...………..……………………….. I
摘要 …………………………………………………………………....………...…………. III Abstract ……………………………………………………………..………..……………... IV 目錄 ……………………………………………………………..…………………………... V 圖目錄 ………………………………………………………………..…………………….. VI 表目錄 …………………………………………………………………..……………..….. VII 附錄目錄 ………………………………………………………………..………………... VIII 第一章、前言………………………………………………………………………………… 1 第二章、前人研究 ………………………………………………………………………….. 2 第三章、材料與方法 ……………………………………………………………………….. 9 第四章、結果與討論 …………………………………………………………………….... 24 一、 土壤樣品及生物炭基本性質 ………………………………………………………… 24 二、 生物炭對土壤微生物生長及群落結構之影響 ……………………………………… 27 (一) 微生物生長及土壤酵素活性 ………………….……………………………………... 27 (二) 微生物種類及群落結構 ……………………………………………………………… 31 三、 生物炭對土壤氧化亞氮代謝基因之影響 …………………………………………… 38 第五章、結論 ……………………………………………………………………………… 42 第六章、參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………………… 43 附錄 ………………………………………………………………………………………… 57 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 生物炭對土壤微生物群落結構與氧化亞氮代謝相關基因量之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The effects of biochar on soil microbial community structure and the genes involved in nitrous oxide metabolism | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 102-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 吳蕙芬(Whei-Fen Wu) | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳建德(Chien-Teh Chen),張義宏(Ed-Haun Chang),鄭智馨(Chih-Hsin Cheng) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 土壤分層箱,土壤酵素,磷脂質脂肪酸,變性梯度膠體電泳,功能性基因, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | soil layering box,soil enzyme,phospholipid fatty acids,denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,functional gene, | en |
dc.relation.page | 62 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2014-08-20 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
Appears in Collections: | 農業化學系 |
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