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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 蔣丙煌 | |
dc.contributor.author | Kuan-Jung Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳冠融 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T16:25:29Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2018-08-25 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2015-08-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2015-08-14 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52739 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 植酸酶是常見的飼料添加物,隨著環保意識抬頭,在2000年以後應用越來越廣泛,其主要功用是分解植物中所含有的植酸,以增加無機磷的生物利用率,而植酸酶屬於熱敏感型酵素,外界溫度高於80℃會有劇烈失活的現象。由於飼料打粒(pelleting)的過程需使用高溫蒸氣,會使植酸酶失活,因此目前大部分都是於飼料打粒後,以外噴的方式塗佈液態之植酸酶於飼料顆粒上,唯外噴存在塗佈不均勻及操作之不便等問題,造成飼料加工上之困擾。因此,本研究旨在藉由多層包埋的方式來製作植酸酶乾燥粉粒,增加植酸酶之熱穩定性,所生產之植酸酶乾燥粉粒可以直接與飼料混合,使飼料之加工流程更簡單便利。本研究之最大的課題為選擇適當的包材與搭配適當的包埋技術。
由先前的研究發現甘露醇具有當作噴霧乾燥過程中載體的能力且具備比熱隨溫度上升而上升的性質。流動床包覆是在製藥工業上常見的包覆方式,壁材的選擇上須具有黏著性,以利在乾燥的過程中包裹於粉體外。本研究係利用甘露醇當作植酸酶在噴霧乾燥時之載體,使植酸酶與甘露醇形成Matrix的構造,再以阿拉伯膠與海藻糖在噴霧乾燥的粉體外進行包衣。目前實驗結果顯示,以此包覆方式能夠有效提高植酸酶在高溫下的耐受性,在115℃的環境下乾熱處理10分鐘後,利用甘露醇噴霧乾燥法包埋之植酸酶可維持82%的活性,而再以阿拉伯膠進行流動床包埋則可維持90%以上的活性。而在100℃溼熱處理5分鐘僅有有經過流動床進行二層包埋的植酸酶粉體具有部分活性。本研究結果除了驗證甘露醇與變性大豆分離蛋白具有做為噴霧乾燥時包埋生物活性物質之載體外亦可推斷藉由噴霧乾燥與流動床包埋之植酸酶粉體是能夠提升植酸酶之熱穩定性。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Phytases have gathered considerable attention in recent years due to their applications in human and animal nutrition, environmental protection and biotechnology. Phytase is incorporated into commercial poultry, swine, and fish diets to improve the availability of phosphorus, minerals, amino acids, and energy. However, phytase is thermally unstable, loss of activity often occure at processing temperature higher than 80C. As the temperature goes over 87C during steam pelleting of feed, the phytase activity would decrease drastically 66%.
Previous studies have shown that the encapsulation is a good method to increase the enzyme thermal stability. Therefore, the development of a suitable method to protect phytase with high thermal tolerance is a big challenge for feed industry. The encapsulation technology has been widely used by the food industry for more than 60 years. Encapsulation involves entrapping active compounds/ enzyme(s) within a semipermeable membrane. There are lots of encapsulation techniques such as emulsification, solvent evaporation, phase separation, co-crystallization, etc., but spray-drying is the most commonly used technology due to its continuous production and easiness of industrialization. But, how to choose the suitable wall material is still a big challenge. The objective of this study is to investigate suitable enzyme encapsulation methodology to improve thermal stability. For this purpose, we have developed two different encapsulation systems: System A, spray dry powder with D-mannitol and soy protein isolate; and System B, fluid bed powder with gum arabic and trehalose. System A composed of D-mannitol(15%), soy protein isolated(5%), while System B composed of gum Arabic(20%), trehalose(5%) Phytase on exposure to 115C, dry heat treatment for 10 minutes shows 82% activity retention when encapsulated with D-mannitol and soy protein isolate spray drying, while gum arabic and trehalose encapsulation by fluid bed showed 90% activity retention. During wet heat treatment for 5 minutes only the phytase encapsulated by fluid bed could keep partial activity. The research have demonstrated that encapsulation with suitable bio-polymers using spray drying and fluid bed technology could indeed protect phytase from losing enzyme activity. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T16:25:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-R02641031-1.pdf: 7871239 bytes, checksum: 9f317855e6cc0d93f91764784130db9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 i
Abstract iii 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 2 2-1 植酸、植酸酶 2 2-1-1 植酸 (phytate) 2 2-1-2 植酸酶的作用 4 2-1-3 植酸酶的應用 6 2-1-4 植酸酶的熱穩定性 7 2-2 植酸酶與飼料加工之關係 9 2-2-1 飼料製程 9 2-2-2 打粒 (pelleting) 11 2-2-3 植酸酶的添加 11 2-3 包埋 12 2-3-1 包埋技術 12 2-3-2 芯材 (core material) 14 2-3-3 壁材(well material) 14 2-3-4 包埋技術 18 2-4 噴霧乾燥 (spray-dry) 24 2-4-1 噴霧乾燥機的構造與原理 24 2-4-2 噴霧乾燥的應用 26 2-5 流動床包覆 (Fluid-bed coating) 27 2-5-1 流動床機的構造與原理 27 2-6-1 甘露醇 (D-mannitol) 30 2-6-2 大豆分離蛋白 (Soy protein isolate) 34 2-6-3 阿拉伯膠 (gum arabic) 37 2-6-4 海藻糖(trehalose) 39 第三章 實驗架構 43 3-1. 噴霧乾燥 43 3-2. 流動床包覆 44 第四章 材料與方法 45 4-1 實驗材料 45 4-2 實驗藥品 45 4-3 實驗儀器 46 4-4 實驗方法 47 4-4-1 甘露醇-變性大豆分離蛋白噴霧乾燥包埋植酸酶 47 4-4-2海藻糖-阿拉伯膠之流動床包埋噴霧乾燥粉體 49 4-4-3 海藻糖-阿拉伯膠之流動床包埋噴霧乾燥粉體(加厚型) 49 4-4-4 甘露醇-大豆分離蛋白噴霧乾燥包埋植酸酶 51 4-4-5 阿拉伯膠-海藻糖噴霧乾燥包埋植酸酶 51 4-4-6 D-甘露醇-大豆分離蛋白包覆酸酶酵素粉末 51 4-5 分析方法 53 4-5-1 酵素活性測定方法(Danisco Phytase in Feed Method of Analysis) 53 4-5-2 粉粒體細部構造 55 4-5-3真密度(True density) 55 4-5-4 粉體粒徑分佈(Particle size distribution) 55 4-6 酵素粉體熱穩定性分析 57 4-6-1 對照組 57 4-6-2 乾熱處理 57 4-6-3 濕熱處理 58 第五章 結果與討論 59 5-1 植酸酶初酵素液熱穩定性分析 59 5-2 壁材選擇之討論 61 5-3 噴霧乾燥植酸酶粉 62 5-3-1 噴霧乾燥法包埋植酸酶濕熱處理活性分析 62 5-3-2 噴霧乾燥植酸酶粉之型態 65 5-3-3 討論 72 5-4 流動床包埋噴霧乾燥粉 74 5-4-1 流動床包埋D-甘露醇-變性大豆分離蛋白粉粒的熱穩定性分析與其粒子型態 74 5-4-2 加厚型阿拉伯膠-海藻糖流動床包覆植酸酶噴霧乾燥粉粒的熱穩定性分析與其粒子型態 79 5-4-3 D-甘露醇-大豆分離蛋白流動床包覆阿拉伯膠-海藻糖植酸酶粉 85 5-4-4 討論 88 5-5 植酸酶粉失活動力學分析 89 5-6 植酸酶粉粒體之物理性質 91 5-6-1 植酸酶粉體之真密度(True density)變化 91 5-6-2噴霧乾燥粉體粒徑大小 93 第六章 結論 96 第七章 參考文獻 97 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 利用多層包埋技術維持植酸酶於受熱時之活性 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Multilayer encapsulation maintaining enzyme activity of phytase during thermal treatment | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 曾慶瀛,江伯源,張哲朗 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 植酸?,打粒,噴霧乾燥,流動床, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | phytase,pelleting,spray dry,fluid bed, | en |
dc.relation.page | 103 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2015-08-14 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 食品科技研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 食品科技研究所 |
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