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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 林嘉明 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chin-Hung Cho | en |
dc.contributor.author | 卓金鴻 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T00:36:41Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-08-08 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-08-08 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-07-25 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
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Source apportionment of urban particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)using multivariate methods. Environmental and Science Technology 35, 2288-2294. Kavouras, I.G., Lawrence, J., Koutrakis, P., Stephanou, E.G., Oyola, P., 1999. Measurement of particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in Santiago de Chile:source reconciliation and evaluation of sampling artifacts. Atmospheric Environment 33, 4977-4986. Khalili, N.R., Scheff, P.A., Holsen, T.M., 1995. PAH source fingerprints for coke ovens, diesel and gasolineengines, highway tunnels, and wood combustion emissions. Atmospheric Environment 29, 533-542. Kulkarni, P., Venkataraman, C., 2000. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mumbai, India. Atmospheric Environment 34, 2785-2790. Kuo, C.Y., Cheng, Y.W., Chen, C.Y., Lee, H., 1998. Correlation between the amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and mutagenicity of airborne particulate samples from Taichung City, Taiwan. Environmental Research, Section A 78, 43-49. Larsen, R.K., Baker, J.E., 2003. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere:a comparison of three methods. Environmental and Science Technology 37, 1873-1881. Li, C.S., Ro, Y.S., 2000. Indoor characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere of Taipei. Atmospheric Environment 34, 611-620. Li, J., Li, X.D., Qi, S.H., Liu G.Q., Peng, X.Z., 2006. Source seasonality of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a subtropical city, Guangzhou, South China. Science of the Total Environment 355, 145-155. Li, C.K., Kamens, R.M., 1993. The use of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as sources signatures in receptor modeling. Atmospheric Environment 27A, 523-532. Lim, L.H., Harrison, R.M., Harrad, S., 1999. The contribution of traffic to atmospheric concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environmental and Science Technology 33, 3538-3542. Lim, M.C.H., Ayoko, G.A., Morawska, L., Ristovski, Z.D., Jayaratne, E.R., 2007. Influence of fuel composition on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from a fleet of in-service passenger cars. Atmospheric Environment 41, 150-160. Lodovici, M., Venturini, M., Marini, E., Grechi, D., Dolara, P., 2003. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons air levels in Florence, Italy, and their correlation with other air pollutants. Chemosphere 50, 377-382. Lyall, R.J., Hooper, M.A., Mainwaring, S.J., 1988. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Latrobe Valley. Atmospheric Environment 22, 2549-2555. Manoli, E., Kouras, A., Samara, C., 2004. Profile analysis of ambient and source emitted particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from three sites in northern Greece. Chemosphere 56, 867-878. Mi, H.H., Lee, W.J., Chen, S.J., Lin, T.C., Wu, T.L., Hu, J.C., 1998. Effect of the gasoline additives on PAH emission. Chemosphere 36, 2031-2041. Miguel, A.H., Kirchstetter, T.W., Harley, R.A., 1998. On-road emissions of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon from gasoline and diesel vehicles. Environmental and Science Technology 32, 450-455. Moon, H.B., Kannan, K., Lee, S.J., Ok, G., 2006. Atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban and a suburban area of Korea from 2002 to 2004. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 51, 494-502. Nielsen, T., 1996. Traffic contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the center of a large city. Atmospheric Environment 30, 3481-3490. Nielsen, T., Jorgensen, H.E., Larsen, J.C., Poulsen, M., 1996. City air pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other mutagens:occurrence, sources and health effects. The Science of the Total Environment 189/190, 41-49. Park, S.S., Kim, Y.J., Kang, C.H., 2002. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Seoul, Korea. Atmospheric Environment 36, 2917-2924. Park, S.S., Kim, Y.J., Kang, C.H., 2007. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bulk PM2.5 and size-segregated aerosol particle samples measured in an urban environment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 128, 231-240. Ravindra, K., Wauters, E., Tyagi, S.K., Mor, S., Grieken, R.V., 2006. Assessment of air quality after the implementation of compressed natural gas (CNG) as fuel in public transport in Delhi, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 115, 405-417. Rehwagen, M., Muller, A., Massolo, L., Herbarth, O., Ronco, A., 2005. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with particles in ambient air from urban and industrial areas. Science of the Total Environment 348, 199-210. Rogge, W.F., Hildemann, L.M., Mazurek, M.A., Cass, G.R., Simoneit, B.R.T., 1993. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 2. non-catalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy duty diesel trucks. Environmental and Science Technology 27, 636-651. Simcik, M.F., Eisenreich, S.J., Lioy, P.J., 1999. Source apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan. Atmospheric Environment 33, 5071-5079. Wan, X., Chen, J., Tian, F., Sun, W., Yang, F., Saiki, K., 2006. Source apportionment of PAHs in atmospheric particulates of Dalian:Factor analysis with nonnegative constrains and emission inventory analysis. Atmospheric Environment 40, 6666-6675. Yang, H.H., Chen, C.M., 2004. Emission inventory and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere at a suburban area in Taiwan. Chemosphere 56, 879-887. nego, J.G., Teixeria, E.C., Stefens, J.L., Wiegand, F., 2005. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric particles in the metropolitan of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Atmospheric Environment 39, 1609-1625. Fang, G.C., Wu, Y.S., Fu, P.PC., Yang, I.L., Chen, M.H., 2004. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air of suburban and industrial regions of central Taiwan. Chemosphere 54, 443-452. Gogou, A., Stratigakis, N., Kanakidou, M., Stefanou, E.G., 1996. Organic aerosols in Eastern Mediterranean:components source reconciliation by using molecular markers and atmospheric back trajectories. Organic Geochemistry 25(1/2), 79-96. Harrison, R.M., Smith, D.J.T., Luhana, L., 1996. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons collected from an urban location in Birmingham, U.K. Environmental and Science Technology 30, 825-832. IARC, 1984. Polynuclear Aromatic Compound, Part 1. Chemicals, Environmental and Experimental Data. Monograph 32, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon. Kavouras, I.G., Koutrakis, P., Tsapakis, M., Lagoudaki, E., 2001. Source apportionment of urban particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)using multivariate methods. Environmental and Science Technology 35, 2288-2294. Kavouras, I.G., Lawrence, J., Koutrakis, P., Stephanou, E.G., Oyola, P., 1999. Measurement of particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in Santiago de Chile:source reconciliation and evaluation of sampling artifacts. Atmospheric Environment 33, 4977-4986. Khalili, N.R., Scheff, P.A., Holsen, T.M., 1995. PAH source fingerprints for coke ovens, diesel and gasolineengines, highway tunnels, and wood combustion emissions. Atmospheric Environment 29, 533-542. Kulkarni, P., Venkataraman, C., 2000. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mumbai, India. Atmospheric Environment 34, 2785-2790. Kuo, C.Y., Cheng, Y.W., Chen, C.Y., Lee, H., 1998. Correlation between the amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and mutagenicity of airborne particulate samples from Taichung City, Taiwan. Environmental Research, Section A 78, 43-49. Larsen, R.K., Baker, J.E., 2003. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere:a comparison of three methods. Environmental and Science Technology 37, 1873-1881. Li, C.S., Ro, Y.S., 2000. Indoor characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere of Taipei. Atmospheric Environment 34, 611-620. Li, J., Li, X.D., Qi, S.H., Liu G.Q., Peng, X.Z., 2006. Source seasonality of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a subtropical city, Guangzhou, South China. Science of the Total Environment 355, 145-155. Li, C.K., Kamens, R.M., 1993. The use of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as sources signatures in receptor modeling. Atmospheric Environment 27A, 523-532. Lim, L.H., Harrison, R.M., Harrad, S., 1999. The contribution of traffic to atmospheric concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environmental and Science Technology 33, 3538-3542. Lim, M.C.H., Ayoko, G.A., Morawska, L., Ristovski, Z.D., Jayaratne, E.R., 2007. Influence of fuel composition on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from a fleet of in-service passenger cars. Atmospheric Environment 41, 150-160. Lodovici, M., Venturini, M., Marini, E., Grechi, D., Dolara, P., 2003. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons air levels in Florence, Italy, and their correlation with other air pollutants. Chemosphere 50, 377-382. Lyall, R.J., Hooper, M.A., Mainwaring, S.J., 1988. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Latrobe Valley. Atmospheric Environment 22, 2549-2555. Manoli, E., Kouras, A., Samara, C., 2004. Profile analysis of ambient and source emitted particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from three sites in northern Greece. Chemosphere 56, 867-878. Mi, H.H., Lee, W.J., Chen, S.J., Lin, T.C., Wu, T.L., Hu, J.C., 1998. Effect of the gasoline additives on PAH emission. Chemosphere 36, 2031-2041. Miguel, A.H., Kirchstetter, T.W., Harley, R.A., 1998. On-road emissions of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon from gasoline and diesel vehicles. Environmental and Science Technology 32, 450-455. Moon, H.B., Kannan, K., Lee, S.J., Ok, G., 2006. Atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban and a suburban area of Korea from 2002 to 2004. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 51, 494-502. Nielsen, T., 1996. Traffic contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the center of a large city. Atmospheric Environment 30, 3481-3490. Nielsen, T., Jorgensen, H.E., Larsen, J.C., Poulsen, M., 1996. City air pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other mutagens:occurrence, sources and health effects. The Science of the Total Environment 189/190, 41-49. Park, S.S., Kim, Y.J., Kang, C.H., 2002. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Seoul, Korea. Atmospheric Environment 36, 2917-2924. Park, S.S., Kim, Y.J., Kang, C.H., 2007. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bulk PM2.5 and size-segregated aerosol particle samples measured in an urban environment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 128, 231-240. Ravindra, K., Wauters, E., Tyagi, S.K., Mor, S., Grieken, R.V., 2006. Assessment of air quality after the implementation of compressed natural gas (CNG) as fuel in public transport in Delhi, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 115, 405-417. Rehwagen, M., Muller, A., Massolo, L., Herbarth, O., Ronco, A., 2005. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with particles in ambient air from urban and industrial areas. Science of the Total Environment 348, 199-210. Rogge, W.F., Hildemann, L.M., Mazurek, M.A., Cass, G.R., Simoneit, B.R.T., 1993. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 2. non-catalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy duty diesel trucks. Environmental and Science Technology 27, 636-651. Simcik, M.F., Eisenreich, S.J., Lioy, P.J., 1999. Source apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan. Atmospheric Environment 33, 5071-5079. Wan, X., Chen, J., Tian, F., Sun, W., Yang, F., Saiki, K., 2006. Source apportionment of PAHs in atmospheric particulates of Dalian:Factor analysis with nonnegative constrains and emission inventory analysis. Atmospheric Environment 40, 6666-6675. Yang, H.H., Chen, C.M., 2004. Emission inventory and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere at a suburban area in Taiwan. Chemosphere 56, 879-887. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/29044 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究以十種4環以上大氣粒狀物結合型多環芳香烴(PAHs)為研究對象,選擇台北市都會區之交通測站(高交通流量)及校園(較低交通流量兩處採樣地點,使用內含37 mm鐵氟龍濾紙的三片式濾紙匣,與採樣 流速約10 L/min的中流量幫浦空氣採樣器連接,於冬季進行24小時總粉塵採樣,採樣時間6∼7週,並作微粒質量濃度分析、微粒負載之PAHs分析,分別測得大氣懸浮微粒質量濃度,交通測站為84.86±9.96μg/m3, 校園為50.60±8.99μg/m3,十種PAHs濃度交通測站為95.33±5.64 ng/m3 校園為55.03±4.76ng/m3,另外也與鄰近空氣品質監測站的CO, NMHC, NO2, NOX, O3, PM10, SO2, THC監測值做比較,發現交通排放廢氣是都會地區主要的空氣 污染來源。
依據以City Traffic PAH Emission Profile為基礎延伸的四種方法推估,交通源對二個採樣點之貢獻比率分別為交通測站82.62%, 80.79%, 87.53%, 84.52%,校園為74.24%, 70.95%, 78.62%, 73.48%。 至於主成份分析(Principal Component Analysis, PCA)方法的應用,指出交通源所貢獻的PAHs分別是交通測站80.23%及校園73.22%。 進一步利用PAHs排放源診斷比值,評估加裝觸媒轉換器及非加裝觸媒轉換器車輛PAHs排放貢獻,在交通測站,加裝及非加裝觸媒轉換器車輛PAHs排放貢獻比率分別為38.68%, 61.83%,在校園分別為40.24%, 57.66%。 整體而言,認為台北市大氣粒狀物結合型PAHs交通源排放之貢獻約為79.93±5.49%,而加裝觸媒轉換器車輛及非加裝觸媒轉換器車輛,排放PAHs貢獻百分比分別為39.42±3.10 %, 59.93±2.51%。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | This study was aimed to determine ten ambient particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) with four or more aromatic rings to estimate the contribution from traffic emission in Taipei City. Samples were taken in winter for 6∼7 weeks at two sites, downtown with heavy traffic and campus with relatively light traffic.
The total suspended particulates was collected for 24h by using a three pieces cassette holder with 37mm TEF filter incorporated with a medium-volume air sampler at flow rate of 10 L/min. The particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)were quantified by GC-MS after the mass concentration of particulate was determined. The results show that average mass concentration of the air suspended particulates ranged from 84.86±9.96μg/m3 in downtown and 50.60±8.99μg/m3 in campus, and the corresponding concentration of PAHs were 95.33±5.64ng/m3 and 55.03±4.76ng/m3, respectively. Correlation of particulate mass concentration or PAHs concentration to CO, NMHC, NO2, NOX, O3, PM10, SO2 and THC from the neighbor air quality monitoring stations, indicate that vehicle exhaust is a major pollutant source. Upon the four methods with basis of City Traffic PAH Emission Profile, the estimated contribution of vehicle emission to PAHs in downtown and in campus by methods, were 82.62%, 80.79%, 87.53%, 84.52% and at campus were 74.24%, 70.95%, 78.62%, 73.48%, respectively. However, Principal Component Analysis(PCA)demonstrated that the result in downtown and in campus were 80.23% and 73.22%, respectively. When the PAHs emission diagnostic ratios were applied to evaluate the catalyst-equipped vehicles and the non-catalyst vehicles contribution to PAHs, the catalyst-equipped and non-catalyst vehicles accounted for 38.68% and 61.83%, respectively in downtown;40.24% and 57.66%, respectively in campus. Overall, the traffic contribution to air particulate-bound PAHs in Taipei is79.93±5.49%;the catalyst-equipped and non-catalyst vehicles contributed39.42±3.10 % and 59.93±2.51%, respectively. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T00:36:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-R93844016-1.pdf: 3732149 bytes, checksum: 71d20097382c86c2e4038a2cbf369162 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要…………………………………..………………………………………...…i
英文摘要………………………………….…………………………………………...ii 目錄……………………………………………………………………………….......iv 表列……………………………………………………………………………….….vii 圖列…………………………………………………………………………………...ix 第一章 緒論…………………………………..……………………………………..1 1.1 研究緣起……………………………………………………………….....1 1.2 研究目的……………………………………………………………….....2 1.3 研究架構……………………………………………………………….....3 第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………..……………………..4 2.1 多環芳香烴( PAHs )…….…………..……………………………………4 2.2 其他交通污染物………………………………………………………….5 2.3 交通源排放PAHs特性…………………………………………………..6 2.4 PAHs排放源診斷比值鑑定…………………………...…………………7 2.5 City Traffic PAH Emission Profile……………………...………………...8 2.6 主成份分析……………………………………………………………...11 第三章 材料與方法……………………………………………………..…………13 3.1 採樣都會區……………………………………………………………...13 3.2 採樣地點………………………………………………………………...13 3.3 採樣策略…………………………………………………………….......14 3.4 採樣方法…………………………………………………………….......15 3.5 懸浮微粒的質量濃度分析……………………………………………...15 3.6 粒狀物之溶劑萃取物…………………………………………………...16 3.7 PAHs分析……………………………………………………………….16 3.8 PAHs分析的品質管制……………………………………………...…..18 3.8.1 檢量線……………………………………………………………..18 3.8.2 回收率……………………………………………………………..19 3.8.3 偵測極限…………………………………………………………..21 3.9 空氣測站污染物之監測值與BghiP, PAHs及TSP量測值的關係……...22 3.10 微粒PAHs發生源的評估……………….……………..…………...……23 3.10.1 調整背景值方法( 方法一 ).……………………………………23 3.10.2 不調整背景值方法( 方法二 ).…………………………………24 3.10.3 PAHs排放源診斷比值方法( 方法三 ).……………………...…25 3.10.4 簡明方程式方法( 方法四 )….…………………........................26 3.11 評估加裝觸媒轉換器及非加裝觸媒轉換器車輛PAHs排放貢獻方法 ( 方法A, B )…..……………………...………………............…….…...27 3.12 主成份分析方法……………………....…………………..…………….29 3.13 台北市交通中流量地區交通源排放PAHs的評估…………..…………30 第四章 結果..…………………………………………..……………………..……31 4.1 PAHs採樣分析及品質管制………………………………………...…..31 4.2 台北都會區大氣粒狀物結合型PAHs特性…………………………....31 4.3 空氣測站污染物之監測值與BghiP, PAHs及TSP量測值的比對結果...32 4.4 應用PAHs排放源診斷比值鑑定可能污染源……………………..…..33 4.5 調整背景值方法( 方法一 )評估交通源PAHs之貢獻率…….………..35 4.6 不調整背景值方法( 方法二 )評估交通源PAHs之貢獻率……….…..36 4.7 PAHs排放源診斷比值方法( 方法三 )評估交通源PAHs之貢獻率......37 4.8 評估加裝觸媒轉換器及非加裝觸媒轉換器車輛PAHs排放貢獻率 之結果( 方法A, B )…………….………………….………….……….39 4.9 簡明方程式方法(方法四)評估交通源PAHs之貢獻率….……………..40 4.10 主成份分析評估交通源PAHs之貢獻率…..……………………………42 4.11 台北市交通中流量地區交通源排放PAHs的評估結果….…..…...…..44 4.12 台北市整體交通源排放PAHs的評估結果……………….…..….……45 第五章 討論…………………………………………………………….….….…...46 5.1 台北都會地區PAHs特性……………………………………........……46 5.2 與City Traffic PAH Emission Profile原始方法的比較…….…………..47 5.3 主成份分析法追蹤PAHs的污染來源..………………………………...48 5.4 評估交通源排放PAHs貢獻…..………………………………………...49 5.5 比較加裝觸媒轉換器及非加裝觸媒轉器車輛對PAHs的排放貢獻....49 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………..……51 附表………………………………………………………………………………..…58 附圖…………………………………………………………………………………..87 附錄…………………………………………………………………………………107 附錄一 南京東路與中山北路交界處簡圖……….…………………….…………108 附錄一 南京東路與中山北路交界處各方向車道數…….………….……………109 附錄二 忠孝東路與林森南路交界處簡圖………………….………….…………110 附錄二 忠孝東路與林森南路交界處各方向車道數………….………….………111 附錄三 十種粒狀物結合型多環芳香烴化合物結構圖………….……….………112 附錄四 氣相層析質譜分析儀( GC/MS )分析條件…….……..………...………...114 附錄五 交通測站採樣點樣本濃度……………………….……………….………115 附錄六 校園採樣點樣本濃度……………………………………….…….………116 附錄七 模擬台北市交通中流量地區樣本濃度…………………….…….………117 表列 表 1 交通測站採樣點採樣日期起迄………………………………………………58 表 2 校園採樣點採樣日期起迄……………………………………………………58 表 3 交通測站採樣點所用中流量幫浦空氣採樣器( Leland Legacy 16373 ) 流率校正表……………………………………………………………………59 表 4 校園採樣點所用中流量幫浦空氣採樣器( Leland Legacy 16064 ) 流率校正表……………………………………………………………………60 表 5 本實驗十種4至6環PAHs化合物的特性………………………………….61 表 6 檢量線配製資料………………………………………………………………62 表 7 十種粒狀物結合型PAHs檢量線迴歸方程式……………………….……….63 表 8 十種粒狀物結合型PAHs偵測極限( μg/mL )和回收率( % )……..………..64 表 9 交通測站採樣點粒狀物結合型PAHs的分佈特性………………….……….65 表 10 校園採樣點微粒狀物結合型PAHs的分佈特性…………………….……...65 表 11 交通測站與校園採樣點總懸浮微粒( TSP )總PAHs以及BghiP濃度…..…66 表 12 中北測站與中正測站CO, NHMC, NO2, NOX監測值濃度………………...67 表 12 中北測站與中正測站O3, PM10, SO2, THC監測值濃度……………...…….68 表 13 交通測站採樣點BghiP, PAHs, TSP等與中北測站所測其他空氣污染 物CO, NHMC, NO2, NOX, O3, PM10, SO2, THC等的皮爾森相關矩陣 ( Pearson correlation matrix )……………….………………………………..69 表 14 交通測站採樣點BghiP, PAHs, TSP等與中北測站所測其他空氣污染 物CO, NHMC, NO2, NOX, O3, PM10, SO2, THC等的斯皮爾曼相關矩陣 ( Spearman correlation matrix )………………..……………………………..70 表 15 校園採樣點BghiP, PAHs, TSP等與中正測站所測其他空氣污染物 CO, NHMC, NO2, NOX, O3, PM10, SO2, THC等的皮爾森相關矩陣 ( Pearson correlation matrix )…...…………………………………………....71 表 16 校園採樣點BghiP, PAHs, TSP等與中正測站所測其他空氣污染物 CO, NHMC, NO2, NOX, O3, PM10, SO2, THC等的斯皮爾曼相關矩陣 ( Spearman correlation matrix )………...…………………………………...72 表 17 PAHs排放源診斷比值鑑定可能污染源….……………………………….73 表 18 交通測站與校園採樣點BaP, ΔBaP, BghiP濃度,用調整背景值方法 ( 方法一 )推估交通源貢獻PAHs的百分比….………..…………………74 表 19 交通測站與校園採樣點BaP, BghiP濃度,用不調整背景值方法 ( 方法二 )推估交通源貢獻PAHs的百分比………...……………………76 表 20 各地點各評估方法,推估台北市整體加裝觸媒轉換器車輛及非加裝 觸媒轉換器車輛,排放PAHs貢獻百分比………..……..…………………78 表 21 交通測站採樣點PAHs來源之主成份分析……………..………………...81 表 22 校園採樣點PAHs來源之主成份分析…………………..………………...82 表 23 台北市交通中流量地區PAHs來源之主成份分析……..………………...83 表 24 模擬台北市中流量地區粒狀物結合型PAHs的分佈特性..………………84 表 25 交通測站採樣點與校園採樣點及交通中流量地區之PAHs平均濃度….85 表 26 用各評估方法推估台北市各採樣點交通排放PAHs貢獻百分比……….86 圖列 圖 1 本實驗十種4至6環PAHs化合物氣相層析圖……………………..………..87 圖 2-1 Fluoranthene ( FL )之檢量線……………………….................................88 圖 2-2 Pyrene ( Pyr )之檢量線………………………..……................................88 圖 2-3 Benz(a)anthracene ( BaA )之檢量線.........................................................89 圖 2-4 Chrysene ( CHR )之檢量線.......................................................................89 圖 2-5 Benzo(b)fluoranthene ( BbF )之檢量線…………………………………90 圖 2-6 Benzo(k)fluoranthene ( BkF )之檢量線…………………………………90 圖 2-7 Benzo(a)pyrene ( BaP )之檢量線……………………………………..…91 圖 2-8 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene ( IND )之檢量線…………………………….…91 圖 2-9 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene ( DBA )之檢量線..................................................92 圖 2-10 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene ( BghiP ) 之檢量線………………….....……..…...92 圖 3 交通測站採樣點與校園採樣點各PAHs物種平均濃度圖………….……….93 圖 4 交通測站採樣點PAHs濃度與BghiP濃度線性迴歸關係圖……….……….94 圖 5 交通測站採樣點TSP濃度與BghiP濃度線性迴歸關係圖………………....94 圖 6 交通測站採樣點TSP濃度與PAHs濃度線性迴歸關係圖………………….95 圖 7 校園採樣點PAHs濃度與BghiP濃度線性迴歸關係圖……….……………..95 圖 8 校園採樣點TSP濃度與BghiP濃度線性迴歸關係圖……………………....96 圖 9 校園採樣點TSP濃度與PAHs濃度線性迴歸關係圖……………………….96 圖 10 交通測站( 中北站 )CO監測值濃度與本研究交通測站採樣 點BghiP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖………….……………………………..97 圖 11 交通測站( 中北站 )CO監測值濃度與本研究交通測站採樣 點PAHs量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………..…………………………......97 圖 12 交通測站( 中北站 )CO監測值濃度與本研究交通測站採樣 點TSP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………..………………………98 圖 13 一般測站( 中正站 )CO監測值濃度與本研究校園採樣 點BghiP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………………….………..…98 圖 14 一般測站( 中正站 )CO監測值濃度與本研究校園採樣 點PAHs量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………………………………99 圖 15 一般測站( 中正站 )CO監測值濃度與本研究校園採樣 點TSP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………………………………..99 圖 16 交通測站( 中北站 )O3監測值濃度與本研究交通測站採樣 點BghiP量測濃度線性迴歸關係………………………………………….100 圖 17 交通測站( 中北站 )O3監測值濃度與本研究交通測站採樣 點PAHs量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………………..……………100 圖 18 交通測站( 中北站 )O3監測值濃度與本研究交通測站採樣 點TSP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………………………………101 圖 19 一般測站( 中正站 )O3監測值濃度與本研究校園採樣 點BghiP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖………………………………….……101 圖 20 一般測站( 中正站 )O3監測值濃度與本研究校園採樣 點PAHs量測濃度線性迴歸關……………………………………….…….102 圖 21 一般測站( 中正站 )O3監測值濃度與本研究校園採樣 點TSP量測濃度線性迴歸關係圖…………………………………....……102 圖 22 交通測站採樣點與校園採樣點BghiP濃度與ΔBaP濃度 線性迴歸關係圖( 設定y截距為0 )…………………………………..…...103 圖 23 交通測站採樣點與校園採樣點BghiP濃度與BaP濃度 線性迴歸關係圖( 設定y截距不為0 )……………………………….....…104 圖 24 模擬台北市交通中流量地區各PAHs物種平均濃度圖……………......…105 圖 25 比較交通測站採樣點( 高交通流量 )與校園採樣點( 低交通流量 )及模擬 交通中流量地區PAHs平均濃度圖………………………………....…..…106 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 台北市大氣粒狀物結合型多環芳香烴化合物與交通排放的關係 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Air Particulate-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Relation to Traffic Emission in Taipei | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 洪益夫,蔡詩偉 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 粒狀物結合型多環芳香烴化合物,都市交通多環芳香烴化合物,排放指紋,診斷比值,主成份分析, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | paticulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),City Traffic PAH Emission Profile,diagnostic ratios,Principal Component Analysis(PCA), | en |
dc.relation.page | 117 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-07-26 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境衛生研究所 |
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