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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 黃玲瓏 | |
dc.contributor.author | Li-Fen Hung | en |
dc.contributor.author | 洪麗分 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-13T06:41:13Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2017-08-14 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-13T06:41:13Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2017-08-14 | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2017-06-30 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Alméras T, Derycke M, Jaouen G, Beauchene J, Fournier M (2009) Functional diversity in gravitropic reaction among tropical seedlings in relation to ecological and developmental traits. J Exp Bot 60:4397-4410 doi:10.1093/jxb/erp276
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/2510 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 抗張材在維持被子植物的生物力學穩定上扮演重要的角色,因此在研究傾斜主幹恢復直立以及枝條角度變化的機制時,必須同時關注抗張材的生物與物理特性。本論文以台灣欒樹為材料,研究在恢復直立的傾斜樹苗主幹中以及樹冠不同角度的枝條內,抗張材的形成、構造與分布等生物特徵以及應變分布的物理特徵,以期了解抗張材在傾斜主幹與不同角度枝條中所扮演的角色。
在人為傾倒的兩年生台灣欒樹樹苗主幹中,抗張材的生成與恢復直立的過程歷時約三個月。透過插針法,我們確認:當樹苗傾倒時,主幹上側的形成層區包含形成層與發育中的木質部纖維細胞均感受到力學變化(相對位置的改變),開始形成抗張材,其中的膠質纖維可產生強烈的收縮應變,將主幹拉回到直立的位置。在傾斜主幹之基部形成的抗張材比在半株高處者多,產生的收縮應變也較大,顯示在台灣欒樹樹苗傾斜主幹恢復直立的過程中,主幹基部扮演較關鍵的角色。此外,傾斜主幹伴隨上側抗張材形成的偏心生長有助於主幹恢復直立,而在主幹下側部分測量點所量到的壓縮應變亦可靠著推力協助主幹恢復直立。針對樹冠之不同角度枝條的研究則顯示,台灣欒樹枝條內存在著和傾斜主幹不同的應變分布、抗張材分布與偏心生長。枝條之生長應變參數隨著木材細胞次生細胞壁的成熟而有季節性的變化;角度大的傾斜枝條上下側可能具有收縮或壓縮應變,然而角度較小的近直立枝條的上下側多為收縮應變,顯示這兩種枝條可能具有不同的功能。抗張材可能分布在枝條的各個位置,和抗張材主要分布在傾斜樹苗主幹的上側不同,因此,抗張材有助於枝條角度的動態調整。枝條的偏心生長位於枝條下方,可能阻礙枝條的上揚,甚至促進枝條的下壓。枝條上多樣的應變分布與抗張材分布,顯示各枝條可能為了因應環境因子如重力和光線的差異,而有不同的生物力學需求。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Tension wood plays a role in maintaining the mechanical stability of angiosperm trees. Both biological and physical aspects of tension wood are essential in understanding the mechanism of trunk or branch reorientation. In this dissertation, we first worked on both the tension wood formation and its biomechanical function in artificially inclined 2-year-old Koelreuteria henryi seedlings. The tension wood formation and reorientation process of the trunk last for about 3 months. With pinning method, we confirmed that at the beginning of inclination the cambial zone including the vascular cambium and the developing normal wood fibers on the upper side of the inclined trunk perceives the onset of mechanical change and starts to produce G-fibers that generate a strong contractile released growth strain (RGS) for gravitropic correction. Stronger contractile RGS and more tension wood were found at the trunk base than at the half-height, suggesting that the trunk base plays a key role in trunk uprighting of K. henryi seedlings. The eccentric cambial growth in the tension wood side increases the efficiency of gravitropic correction and the compressive strains measured in the opposite wood of some inclined seedlings also help the upright movement. Then we further discriminated the biomechanical behavior of branches from leaning trunks. We thus investigated the development of growth strains, distribution of tension wood, and eccentricity on the branchwood of K. henryi. The results revealed the unusual distribution of released growth strain and tension wood as well as growth eccentricity. The growth strain parameter showed seasonal changes, possibly due to the maturation of secondary cell wall. Both sides of the plagiotropic branches exhibited either contractive or extensive growth strains, whereas the orthotropic branches exhibited mostly contractive strains on both sides, which implied different physiological function of the two branch types. The tension wood arcs may occur in any direction of the branchwood which is different from the inclined trunk with tension wood on the upper side, suggesting dynamic adjustment in branch reorientation. In contrast to trunks, the hypotrophic eccentric growth in branches functioned in obstructing upward movement and even facilitates downward movement, probably because the dissociation between tension wood and eccentric growth. Diversified growth strain and tension wood distribution on the branches may reflect the individual biomechanical requirements for each branch depending on the environmental factors, possibly gravitropic and phototropic stimuli. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-13T06:41:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-106-D97b44007-1.pdf: 9892966 bytes, checksum: 8af320b3704301c9888ff0f47e6a4ecc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 ii
中文摘要及關鍵詞 iii 英文摘要及關鍵詞 iv 目錄 vi Index of Figures ix Index of Tables xiii Introduction 1 Anatomical characteristics of reaction wood 1 Macroscopic Appearance 1 Cellular Structure 2 The role of plant hormones in reaction wood formation 4 The onset and formation of reaction wood and the pinning method 5 Physical characteristics of reaction wood 7 Growth stress and growth strain 7 Generation of reaction stresses 8 The study of growth strain distribution in angiosperm trees 9 Biomechanical models 9 Goals of this dissertation 10 Materials and Methods 12 Plant material and experimental design 12 Study on the reorientation process of the artificially inclined seedlings 12 Study on the distribution of growth strain and reaction wood of the branches 14 Released growth strain (RGS) measurement 15 Wood anatomical structure and morphometry of the artificially inclined seedlings 16 Eccentricity calculation, radius and radial wood growth increment measurement of the branchwood 18 Tension wood distribution and branchwood structure 19 Prediction of the bending dynamics of trunks and branches 20 Modified model for defoliating action of deciduous trees 21 Statistics 22 Results 24 Study on the reorientation process of the artificially inclined seedlings of Koelreuteria henryi 24 Dynamics of the uprighting process of the inclined seedlings 24 Released growth strain distribution 26 Eccentric growth and tension wood formation 30 The relationship between RGSs and tension wood ratio 36 Prediction of bending dynamics 36 Study on the distribution of growth strain and reaction wood of the branches 40 Strain distribution on branches of Koelreuteria henryi 40 Growth eccentricity and tension wood distribution of K. henryi branches 44 Prediction of the bending tendency of K. henryi branches 49 Rates of curvature change 54 The effect of eccentric growth increment on bending tendency of the branches 55 Effects of defoliation on the gravitropic response 56 Discussion 59 Dynamics of the up-righting process of the inclined trunk of Koelreuteria henryi seedlings 59 Spatial and temporal RGS distribution on the trunk of the inclined Koelreuteria henryi seedlings 60 Strain distribution on the branches of Koelreuteria henryi 62 Seasonal change of growth strain and RGS parameter on the branches of Koelreuteria henryi 63 Strain and tension wood ratio in the inclined trunk of Koelreuteria henryi seedlings 64 Tension wood distribution and its role in branch bending 65 The onset and formation of G-fibers 66 The role of eccentric growth increment in gravitropic correction 67 Interrelation between gravitational force and gravitropic correction 69 Functional differences between the branches and tree trunks 69 Conclusion 71 References 72 Appendix Ⅰ. Height and diameter growth of the studied seedlings 86 Plant materials and measurement 86 Results 87 Appendix Ⅱ. Practice of the pinning method and interpretation of the pinning result 89 Plants and practice of pinning method 89 Sample preparation 90 The interpretation of the pinning result 90 Appendix Ⅲ. Tension wood distribution in the studied seedlings 98 Sample preparation 98 Results 98 Appendix Ⅳ. Cambial activity of the artificially inclined seedlings 101 Plant materials and sample preparation 101 Results 101 Appendix Ⅴ. Tension wood induction in branches of Koelreuteria henryi 106 Plant materials and branch angle manipulation 106 Results 107 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 臺灣欒樹的抗張材在傾斜苗木與枝條的解剖構造與生物力學功能 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Anatomical Structure and Biomechanical Function of Tension Wood in Inclined Seedlings and Branches of Koelreuteria henryi Dummer | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 105-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃彥三,簡慶德,邱少婷,蕭淑娟,王兆麟 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 台灣欒樹,生長應力,生長應變,生物力學,抗張材,枝條,偏心生長,插針法,傾斜主幹,彎曲傾向, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | bending dynamics,bending tendency,biomechanical model,branch,G-fibers,gravitropic correction,growth eccentricity,growth strain,Koelreuteria henryi Dummer,tension wood, | en |
dc.relation.page | 110 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201701210 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2017-07-02 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 |
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