請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/15276
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 劉?睿(Je-Ruei Liu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Chia-Min Wu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 巫嘉敏 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-07T17:29:14Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2020-02-13 | |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2020-02-10 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 李永基。1998。原蟲。家畜寄生蟲學。第二版。263-280。藝軒圖書出版社。台北。
台灣。 林恩如。2016。地衣芽孢桿菌固態發酵物對產氣莢膜梭菌攻毒雞隻之影響。國立宜蘭大學動物科學所碩士論文。 徐翠君。2018。地衣芽孢桿菌 CK1 清除黴菌毒素 zearalenone 之機制及其益生菌功能的研究。國立臺灣大學動物科學技術學系博士論文。 Abbas, R. Z., Z. Iqbal, D. Blake, M. N. Khan, and M. K. Saleemi. 2011. Anticoccidial drug resistance in fowl coccidia: the state of play revisited. Worlds Poult. Sci. J. 67(2):337-350. doi: 10.1017/s004393391100033x. Akihiro, O., A. Takashi, and M. Shoda. 1995. Production of a lipopeptide antibiotic surfactin by recombinant Bacillus subtilis in solid state fermentation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 47:209-214. Alexander J.T., Parasitic diseases. In: Pattsion M, P. F. McMullin, J. M. Bradbury, D. J. Alexander. Ed. Ploutry Disease. 6th ed. Elservier Ltd, USA, 444-456, 2008. Al-Khalaifa, H., A. Al-Nasser, T. Al-Surayee, S. Al-Kandari, N. Al-Enzi, T. Al-Sharrah, G. Ragheb, S. Al-Qalaf, and A. Mohammed. 2019. Effect of dietary probiotics and prebiotics on the performance of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 98(10):4465- 4479. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez282. Allen, P. C., and R. H. Fetterer. 2002. Recent advances in biology and immunobiology of Eimeria species and in diagnosis and control of infection with these coccidian parasites of poultry. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 15(1):58-65. doi: 10.1128/cmr.15.1.58-65.2002. Amerah, A. M., and V. Ravindran. 2015. Effect of coccidia challenge and natural betaine supplementation on performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal lesion scores of broiler chickens fed suboptimal level of dietary methionine. Poult. Sci. 94 (4):673-680. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev022. Arima, K., A. Kakinuma, and G. Tamura. 1968. Surfactin, a crystalline peptidelipid surfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis: isolation, characterization and its inhibition of fibrin clot formation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 31(3):488- 494. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(68)90503-2. Beltran-Gracia, E., G. Macedo-Raygoza, J. Villafaña-Rojas, A. Martinez-Rodriguez, Y. Y. Chavez-Castrillon, F. M. Espinosa-Escalante, P. D. Mascio, T. Ogura, and M. J. Beltran-Garcia. 2017. Production of lipopeptides by fermentation processes: endophytic bacteria, fermentation strategies and easy methods for bacterial selection, fermentation processes. Licensee InTech. doi: 10.5772/64236 Blake, D. P., and F. M. T. Ley. 2014. Securing poultry production from the ever-present Eimeria challenge. Trends Parasitol. 30(1):12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.10.003 Burt, S. A., M. H. Tersteeg-Zijderveld, B. G. Jongerius-Gortemaker, L. Vervelde, and J. C. Vernooij. 2013. In vitro inhibition of Eimeria tenella invasion of epithelial cells by phytochemicals. Vet. Parasitol. 191(3-4):374-378. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.09.001. Calik, A., I. I. Omara, M. B. White, N. P. Evans, T. P. Karnezos, and R. A. Dalloul. 2019. Dietary non-drug feed additive as an alternative for antibiotic growth promoters for broilers during a necrotic enteritis challenge. Microorganisms. 7(8):257-266. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080257. Chapman, H. D. 2009. A landmark contribution to poultry science--prophylactic control of coccidiosis in poultry. Poult. Sci. 88(4):813-815. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00316. Collier, C. T., C. L. Hofacre, A. M. Payne, D. B. Anderson, P. Kaiser, R. I. Mackie, and H. R. Gaskins. 2008. Coccidia-induced mucogenesis promotes the onset of necrotic enteritis by supporting Clostridium perfringens growth. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 122(1-2):104-115. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.10.014. Cowper, B., S. Matthews, and F. Tomley. 2012. The molecular basis for the distinct host and tissue tropisms of coccidian parasites. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 186(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.08.007. del-Cacho, E., M. Gallego, M. Francesch, J. Quilez, and C. S. Acedo. 2010. Effect of artemisinin on oocyst wall formation and sporulation during Eimeria tenella infection. Parasitol. Int. 59(4):506-511. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.04.001. del-Cacho, E., M. Gallego, F. L. Bernad, J. Quilez, and C. S. Acedo. 2004. Expression of anti-apoptotic factors in cells parasitized by second-generation schizonts of Eimeria tenella and Eimeria necatrix. Vet. Parasitol. 125(3-4):287-300. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.07.017. Dulski, P., and M. Turner. 1988. the purification of sporocysts and sporozoites from Eimeria-tenella oocysts using percoll density gradients. Avian Dis. 32(2):235-239. doi: 10.2307/1590810. Geetha, I., and A. M. Manonmani. 2010. Surfactin: a novel mosquitocidal biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis (VCRC B471) and influence of abiotic factors on its pupicidal efficacy. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 51(4):406-412. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2010.02912.x. Georgieva, N. V., V. Koinarski, and V. Gadjeva. 2006. Antioxidant status during the course of Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens. Vet. J. 172(3):488-492. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.07.016. Giambrone, J. J., P. H. Klesius, M. K. Eckamn, and S. A. Edgar. 1981. Influence of hormonal and chemical bursectomy on the development of acquired immunity to coccidia in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 60(12):2612–2618. Goodwin, M. A., J. Brown, and D. I. Bounous. 1998. Use of microscopic lesion scores, gross lesion scores and oocyst count scores to detect Eimeria maxima in chickens. Avian Pathol. 27(4):405-408. doi: 10.1080/03079459808419359. Hafez, H. M. 2008. Poultry coccidiosis: prevention and control approaches. Arch. Gefl€ugelk. 72(1):2-7. Hessenberger, S., G. Schatzmayr, and K. Teichmann. 2016. In vitro inhibition of Eimeria tenella sporozoite invasion into host cells by probiotics. Vet. Parasitol. 229:93-98. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.10.001. Hwang, M. H., J. H. Lim, H. I. Yun, M. H. Rhee, J. Y. Cho, W. H. Hsu, and S. C. Park. 2005. Surfactin C inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced transcription of interleukin-1beta and inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production in murine RAW 264.7 cells. Biotechnol. Lett. 27(20):1605-1608. doi: 10.1007/s10529-005-2515-1. Kalishwaralal, K., V. Deepak, S. R. K. Pandian, and S. Gurunathan. 2009. Biological synthesis of gold nanocubes from Bacillus licheniformis. Bioresour. Technol. 100(21):5356-5358. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.05.051. Kaya, G., C. Dale, I. Maudlin, and K. Morgan. 2007. A novel procedure for total nucleic acid extraction from small numbers of Eimeria species oocysts. Turkiye. Parazitol. Derg. 31(3):180-183. Kim, S. D., J. Y. Cho, H. J. Park, C. R. Lim, J. H. Lim, H. I. Yun, S. C. Park, S. K. Kim, and M. H. Rhee. 2006. A Comparison of the anti-inflammatory activity of Surfactin A, B, C, and D from Bacillus subtilis. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16:1656–1659. Klotz, C., R. J. Marhofer, P. M. Selzer, R. Lucius, and T. Pogonka. 2005. Eimeria tenella: identification of secretory and surface proteins from expressed sequence tags. Exp. Parasitol. 111(1):14-23. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2005.04.005. Lal, K., E. BromLey, R. Oakes, J. H. Prieto, S. J. Sanderson, D. Kurian, L. Hunt, J. R. Yates, J. M. Wastling, R. E. Sinden, and F. M. TomLey. 2009. Proteomic comparison of four Eimeria tenella life-cycle stages: unsporulated oocyst, sporulated oocyst, sporozoite and second-generation merozoite. Proteomics 9(19):4566-4576. Lee, B. J., and Y. T. Bak. 2011. Irritable bowel syndrome, gut microbiota and probiotics. J. Neurogastroenterol. 17(3):252-266. Lee, J. H., S. H. Nam, W. T. Seo, H. D. Yun, S. Y. Hong, M. K. Kim, and K. M. Cho. 2012. The production of surfactin during the fermentation of cheonggukjang by potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis CSY191 and the resultant growth suppression of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Food Chem. 131(4):1347-1354. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.133. Lillehoj, H. S., and E. P. Lillehoj. 2000. Avian coccidiosis. A review of acquired intestinal immunity and vaccination strategies. Avian Dis. 44(2):408-425. Lillehoj, H. S., W. Min, and R. A. Dalloul. 2004. Recent progress on the cytokine regulation of intestinal immune responses to Eimeria. Poult. Sci. 83(4):611-623. doi: 10.1093/ps/83.4.611. Lin, S. C. 1996. Biosurfactants : recent advances. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 66:109-120. Lin, Y., S. Xu, D. Zeng, X. Ni, M. Zhou, Y. Zeng, H. Wang, Y. Zhou, H. Zhu, K. Pan, and G. Li. 2017. Disruption in the cecal microbiota of chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens and other factors was alleviated by Bacillus licheniformis supplementation. PLoS One 12(8):e0182426. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182426. Liu, X., B. Ren, H. Gao, M. Liu, H. Dai, F. Song, Z. Yu, S. Wang, J. Hu, C. R. Kokare, and L. Zhang. 2012a. Optimization for the production of surfactin with a new synergistic antifungal activity. PLoS One 7(5):e34430. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034430. Liu, X., H. Yan, L. Lv, Q. Xu, C. Yin, K. Zhang, P. Wang, and J. Hu. 2012b. Growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens supplemented with Bacillus licheniformis in drinking water. J. Anim. Sci. 25(5):682-689. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11334. Loiseau, C., M. Schlusselhuber, R. Bigot, J. Bertaux, J. M. Berjeaud, and J. Verdon. 2015.Surfactin from Bacillus subtilis displays an unexpected anti-legionella activity.Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 99(12):5083-5093. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-6317-z. Molan, A. L., and A. M. Faraj. 2015. Effect of selenium-rich green tea extract on the course of sporulation of Eimeria oocysts. J. Dent. Med. Sci. 14:68-74. doi: 10.9790/0853-14436874. Molan, A. L., Z. Liu, and S. De. 2009. Effect of pine bark (Pinus radiata)extracts on sporulation of coccidian oocysts. Folia Parasitol. 56(1):1-5. doi: 10.14411/fp.2009.001. Musa, B. B., Y. Duan, H. Khawar, Q. Sun, Z. Ren, M. A. E, Mohamed, I. H. R. Abbasi, and X. Yang. 2019. Bacillus subtilis B21 and Bacillus licheniformis B26 improve intestinal health and performance of broiler chickens with Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 103(4):1039-1049. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13082. Pagnini, C., R. Saeed, G. Bamias, K. O. Arseneau, T. T. Pizarro, and F. Cominelli. 2010. Probiotics promote gut health through stimulation of epithelial innate immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107(1):454-459. Peek, H. W., and W. J. Landman. 2011. Coccidiosis in poultry: anticoccidial products, vaccines and other prevention strategies. Vet. Q. 31(3):143-161. doi: 10.1080/01652176.2011.605247. Peypoux, F., J. M. Bonmatin, and J. Wallach. 1999. Recent trends in the biochemistry of surfactin. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 51(5):553-563. doi: 10.1007/s002530051432. Pop, L., A. Gyorke, A. F. Tabaran, M. O. Dumitrache, Z. Kalmar, C. Magdas, V. Mircean, D. Zagon, A. Balea, and V. Cozma. 2015. Effects of artemisinin in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima and E. tenella in battery trials. Vet. Parasitol. 214(3-4):264-271. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.011. Routhiau, G. V., S. Rakotobe, E. Lécuyer, I. Mulder, A. Lan, C. Bridonneau, V. Rochet, A. Pisi, M. D. Paepe, G. Brandi, G. Eberl, J. Snel, D. Kelly, and N. C. Bensussan. 2009. The key role of segmented filamentous bacteria in the coordinated maturation of gut helper T cell responses. J. Immuni. 31(4):677-689. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.020 Smith, C. K. II., R. B. Galloway, and S. L. White. 1981. Effect of ionophores on survival, penetration, and development of Eimeria tenella sporozoites in vitro. J. Parasitol. 67:511-516. Smith, H. C., P. L. Long, and A. E. Pierce. 1963. Behavior of invasive stages of Eimeria tenella in the immune fowl (Gallus domesticus). Exp. Parasitol. 13:66-74. Schnitzler, B. E., P. L. Thebo, J. G. Mattsson, F. M. TomLey, and M. W. Shirley. 1998. Development of a diagnostic PCR assay for the detection and discrimination of four pathogenic Eimeria species of the chicken. Avian Pathol. 27(5):490-497. doi: 10.1080/03079459808419373. Timbermont, L., A. Lanckriet, A. R. Gholamiandehkordi, F. Pasmans, A. Martel, F. Haesebrouck, R. Ducatelle, and F. Van Immerseel. 2009. Origin of Clostridium perfringens isolates determines the ability to induce necrotic enteritis in broilers. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 32(6):503-512. doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2008.07.001. Trout, J. M., and H. S. Lillehoj. 1995. Eimeria acervulina infection: evidence for the involvement of CD8+ T lymphocytes in sporozoite transport and host protection. Poult. Sci. 74(7):1117–1125. Trout, J.M. and H. S. Lillehoj. 1996. T lymphocyte roles during Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria tenella infections. Vet. Immunol. Immunop. 53:163-172 Upadhaya, S. D., F. Rudeaux, and I. H. Kim. 2019. Efficacy of dietary Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis supplementation continuously in pullet and lay period on egg production, excreta microflora, and egg quality of Hyline-Brown birds. Poult. Sci. 98(10):4722-4728. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez184. Wang, H., X. Ni, X. Qing, L. Liu, J. Lai, A. Khalique, G. Li, K. Pan, B. Jing, and D. Zeng. 2017a. Probiotic enhanced intestinal immunity in broilers against subclinical necrotic enteritis. Front Immunol. 8:1592. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01592. Wang, X., W. Hu, L. Zhu, and Q. Yang. 2017b. Bacillus subtilis and surfactin inhibit the transmissible gastroenteritis virus from entering the intestinal epithelial cells. Biosci. Rep. 37(2). doi: 10.1042/BSR20170082. Wang, Y., W. Du, K. Lei, B. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Zhou, and W. Li. 2017c. Effects of dietary Bacillus licheniformis on gut physical barrier, immunity, and reproductive hormones of laying hens. Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins. 9(3):292-299. doi:10.1007/s12602-017-9252-3. Wang, Z., J. Shen, X. Suo, S. Zhao, and X. Cao. 2006. Experimentally induced monensin-resistant Eimeria tenella and membrane fluidity of sporozoites. Vet. Parasitol.138(3-4):186-193. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.056. Wei, Y. H., L. C. Wang, W. C. Chen, and S. Y. Chen. 2010. Production and characterization of fengycin by indigenous Bacillus subtilis F29-3 originating from a potato farm. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11(11):4526-4538. doi: 10.3390/ijms11114526. Wood, I. B., N. K. Amaral, K. Bairden, J. L. Duncan, T. Kassai, J. B. Malone, Jr., J. A. Pankavich, R. K. Reinecke, O. Slocombe, and S. M. Taylor. 1995. Second edition of guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics in ruminants (bovine, ovine, caprine). Vet. Parasitol. 58(3):181-213. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(95)00806-2. Xu, S., Y. Lin, D. Zeng, M. Zhou, Y. Zeng, H. Wang, Y. Zhou, H. Zhu, K. Pan, B. Jing, and X. Ni. 2018. Bacillus licheniformis normalize the ileum microbiota of chickens infected with necrotic enteritis. Sci. Rep. 8(1):1744-1754. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20059-z Yang, W. C., Y. J. Tien, C. Y. Chung, Y. C. Chen, W. H. Chiou, S. Y. Hsu, H. Y. Liu, C. L. Liang, and C. L. Chang. 2015. Effect of Bidens pilosa on infection and drug resistance of Eimeria in chickens. Res. Vet. Sci. 98:74-81. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.11.002. Ye, X., P. Li, Q. Yu, and Q. Yang. 2012. Bacillus subtilis inhibition of enterotoxic Escherichia coli-induced activation of MAPK signaling pathways in Caco-2 cells. Ann. Microbiol. 63(2):577-581. doi: 10.1007/s13213-012-0506-8. Youn, H. J., Y. B. Kang, and D. H. Jang. 1993. Effects of γ-irradiation from Cobalt-60 on pathogenicity of Eimeria tenella. Korean J. Vet. Res. 33:649–655. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/15276 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 球蟲症(coccidiosis)是一種家禽腸道寄生蟲疾病,會降低家禽的生長性能
和導致高死亡率,故對家禽業產生鉅大的經濟影響。目前市面上多使用抗生素來防治球蟲症,過度使用抗生素易導致球蟲產生抗藥性,而畜產品中殘留的抗生素亦對人類食安具有潛在風險,因此發展天然安全的替代方案以控制家禽球蟲症有其必要性。地衣芽孢桿菌(Bacillus licheniformis)已被廣泛用於飼料添加物,具有促進動物生長性能、提升免疫能力,以及對抗腸道疾病等功效。其分泌的環形脂肽(cyclic lipopeptide)–表面素(surfactin)已被證實具有抗菌、抗病毒,以及抗發炎的作用,因此地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物可能也有抗球蟲的效果。 本實驗使用 Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 10716,並利用大豆粕及糖蜜進行固態發酵,烘乾磨碎製備成發酵物粉末。在體外實驗中,以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察萃取自地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物的表面素對球蟲卵囊芽孢化之影響。結果發現,表面素不僅對球蟲卵囊芽孢化有顯著抑制的效果,且使孢子體表面出現許多孔洞、細胞膨脹甚至破裂,故對球蟲孢子體也有破壞的效果。動物階段分為兩階段,在第一階段動物實驗中,為篩選出地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物最適添加量,於肉雞飼料中添加不同劑量(0.125%、0.25%或 0.5%)的地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物。再於 20 日齡時,每隻雞口服攻毒 104個球蟲卵囊。實驗期間計算肉雞的生長性能、腸道病變評分、血痢計分、每克糞便卵囊排出數,以及抗球蟲指數(anticoccidial index, ACI)。 結果顯示,飼料中添加地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物 0.125%及 0.5%,雖然無法顯著改善肉雞感染球蟲後的生長性能,但可顯著降低每克糞便卵囊排出數。第二階段的動物實驗中,增加市售球蟲藥(maduramicin)的對照組,並於肉雞飼料中添加低劑量或高劑量(0.125%及 0.5%)的地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物。結果顯示,飼料中添加低劑量或高劑量地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物均可降低卵囊排出數量、減緩腸道損傷、增加生存率,顯著提高肉雞盲腸絨毛高度與隱窩深度的比值,且地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物的抗球蟲指數與市售球蟲藥無顯著差異,證實地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物可有效對抗球蟲。 綜上所述,地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物具有開發為肉雞飼料添加物作為抗球蟲藥替 代物之潛力。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that has a huge economic impact on the poultry industry causing high mortality and poor growth performance. Overuse of antibiotics for coccidiosis in poultry leads to anti-coccidial drug resistance in parasites. Alternative solutions for controlling coccidiosis in poultry are needed. Bacillus licheniformis has been widely added to animal feed supplements to improve growth performance, regulate animal immunity, and decrease intestinal diseases. Surfactin, a cyclic lipopeptide secreted by Bacillus licheniformis, has been confirmed its antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects, so it is expected that B.licheniformis
fermented products might have anticoccidial activity. In the in vitro experiment, the results showed that surfactin secreted by B.licheniformis had a significant effect on inhibiting coccidian oocyst sporulation and caused damage on the surface of Eimeria tellena sporozoites. In the animal experiment, broilers were fed with different doses of Bacillus licheniformis fermented products(0.125, 0.25, and 0.5%) under E. tenella challenge. At the end of experiment 35 days, the growth performance, intestinal lesion score, and fecal oocyst index were analyzed. Our results showed that B. licheniformis fermented products did not improve the growth performance of broilers. However, the fecal oocyst per gram was significantly reduced in broilers that received basal diets supplemented with B. licheniformis fermented products. B. licheniformis fermented products significantly improved villus to crypts ratios in the cecum of broilers. The anti-coccidia index in B.licheniformis fermented products-treated group was greater than 160, indicating that B. licheniformis fermented roducts exert an anti-coccidial effect in broilers. These results together indicate that B. licheniformis fermented products have the potential for development as feed additives and use as a possible solution to prevent coccidiosis in the poultry industry. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-07T17:29:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-109-R07626002-1.pdf: 4354993 bytes, checksum: 5b412a3eb032dedeb712435aee2483ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄 ................................................................................................................................ i
圖目錄 ............................................................................................................................ iv 表目錄 .......................................................................................................................... vi 誌謝 .............................................................................................................................vii 中文摘要 ....................................................................................................................... viii Abstract ........................................................................................................................ x 第一章、緒言................................................................................................................ 1 第二章、文獻探討........................................................................................................ 2 第一節、 艾美屬球蟲症 .............................................................................. 2 一、 艾美屬球蟲的分類........................................................................ 2 二、 球蟲的生命週期............................................................................ 4 三、 球蟲孢子體的形態學.................................................................... 6 第二節、 球蟲症對家禽的影響 .................................................................. 9 一、 球蟲對家禽養殖業的影響............................................................ 9 二、 球蟲引起之家禽體內免疫反應.................................................... 9 三、 現今產業界防治球蟲的方法...................................................... 12 四、 其他天然抗球蟲飼料添加物...................................................... 14 第三節、 芽孢桿菌在家禽飼料之利用 .................................................... 14 一、 芽孢桿菌提升家禽生長性能...................................................... 15 二、 芽孢桿菌對抗壞死性腸炎.......................................................... 15 第四節、 芽孢桿菌發酵之表面素 ............................................................ 16 一、 表面素的化學結構...................................................................... 16 二、 表面素之應用.............................................................................. 17 第五節、 研究動機與目的 ........................................................................ 17 第三章、材料與方法.................................................................................................. 18 第一節、 實驗架構設計 ............................................................................ 18 第二節、 B. licheniformis 發酵物製備 ..................................................... 19 一、 實驗材料 ...................................................................................... 19 二、 實驗方法 ...................................................................................... 19 第三節、 野外球蟲株種別鑑定 ................................................................ 21 一、 實驗材料 ...................................................................................... 21 二、 實驗方法 ...................................................................................... 21 第四節、 B. licheniformis 發酵物體外抗球蟲實驗 ................................. 22 一、 實驗材料 ...................................................................................... 22 二、 實驗方法 ...................................................................................... 23 第五節、 B. licheniformis 發酵物抗球蟲動物實驗–第一階段 ............... 25 一、 實驗材料 ...................................................................................... 25 二、 實驗方法 ...................................................................................... 27 第六節、 B. licheniformis 發酵物抗球蟲動物實驗-第二階段 ............... 30 一、 實驗材料 ...................................................................................... 30 二、 實驗方法 ...................................................................................... 30 第七節、 統計方法 .................................................................................... 34 第四章、結果與討論.................................................................................................. 35 第一節、 表面素之定量分析 .................................................................... 35 第二節、 野外球蟲種別鑑定 .................................................................... 35 第三節、 B. licheniformis 發酵物體外抗球蟲實驗 ................................. 39 一、 表面素抑制球蟲卵囊芽孢率...................................................... 39 二、 表面素抗球蟲孢子體形態學觀察.............................................. 39 第四節、 B. licheniformis 發酵物對肉雞生長性能之影響 ..................... 44 第五節、 糞便卵囊排出數計數 ................................................................ 45 第六節、 血痢計分 .................................................................................... 45 第七節、 腸道病變計分 ............................................................................ 46 第八節、 抗球蟲指數 ................................................................................ 57 第九節、 腸道切片病理學判讀 ................................................................ 60 第十節、 盲腸絨毛高度與隱窩深度之比例 ............................................ 60 第十一節、 血清之細胞激素定量分析 ........................................................ 65 第十二節、 免疫器官細胞激素基因表達分析 qPCR ................................. 65 第五章、結論.............................................................................................................. 71 第六章、參考文獻...................................................................................................... 72 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 地衣芽孢桿菌發酵物對肉雞球蟲之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Effect of Bacillus licheniformis fermented products on
coccidiosis in broilers | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 108-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 鄭永祥(Yeong-Hsiang Cheng),林美峰(Mei-Fong Lin),李滋泰(Tzu-Tai Lee) | |
dc.subject.keyword | Bacillus licheniformis,球蟲症,益生菌,孢子體形態學,腸道損傷, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Bacillus licheniformis,coccidiosis,probiotics,sporozoites morphology,intestinal damage., | en |
dc.relation.page | 79 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202000397 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2020-02-11 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物科學技術學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 動物科學技術學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-109-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 4.25 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。